The Phonology of NorwegianOxford University Press, 2000 - Počet stran: 366 A the end of the fourteenth century, Norway, having previously been an independent kingdom, became by conquest a province of Denmark and remained so for three centuries. In1814, as part of the fall-out from the Napoleonic wars, the country became a largely independent nation within the monarchy of Sweden. By this time, however, Danish had become the language of government, commerce, and education, as well as of the middle and upper classes. Nationalistic Norwegians sought to reestablish native identity by creating and promulgating a new language based partly on rural dialects and partly on Old Norse. The upper and middle classes sought to retain a form of Norwegian close to Danish that would be intelligible to themselves and to their neighbours in Sweden and Denmark. The controversy has gone on ever since. One result is that the standard dictionaries of Norwegian ignore pronunciation, for no version can be counted as 'received'. Another is that there has been considerable variety and change in Norwe |
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1 INTRODUCTION | 1 |
INVENTORY AND FEATURE SPECIFICATIONS | 13 |
3 PHONOTACTIC CONSTRAINTS | 41 |
4 WORD PHONOLOGY | 69 |
5 SYLLABLE STRUCTURE | 113 |
6 STRESS ASSIGNMENT IN SIMPLEX WORDS | 140 |
7 CYCLIC STRESS ASSIGNMENT | 168 |
8 CYCLIC SYLLABIFICATION | 201 |
9 TONAL ACCENTS | 233 |
10 INTONATION AND RHYTHM | 274 |
11 POSTLEXICAL SEGMENTAL PHONOLOGY | 299 |
12 ORTHOGRAPHIC CONVENTIONS | 340 |
| 348 | |
| 361 | |
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ª ª ª adjectives affixes alternative analysis apical apply assume Bokmål boundary Chapter clitic clusters coda compound consonant constituent constraint coronal cyclic level delinking derived devoicing dialects discussed disyllabic domain East Norwegian environments example extraprosodicity feature final syllable flap foot Fretheim gemination given indef inflectional initial syllable input intonational lexical lexicon loan words long vowel main stress Mora Insertion moraic morphological nasal node non-cohering nouns Nynorsk obstruent Old Norse onset penultimate phonetic phonological phonotactic Phrase pitch accents postlexical postvocalic preceding primary stress pronounced pronunciation prosodic prosodic word realized respect retroflex flap Retroflex Rule roots schwa secondary stress Section segment sequences short vowel simplex words stems ending stress assignment Stress Rule stressed syllable structure suffix surface syllabic sonorants syllabification syllable weight syntactic tonal accents tone trochee Trondheim underlying underlying representations unstressed verb voice vowel length µ µ µ