THE

HE COMMON GOOD, a civic and social periodical of Rochester, devotes its February issue to a compilation by its editor, Edwin A. Rumball, in collaboration with Catherine Rumball, of the facts in regard to the working girls and women of that city who numbered at the 1900 census about 19,000, or over 31 per cent of all the women of Rochester. The facts are for the most part taken from the last census or from the Federal Report on Women and Child Wage-Earners and other authoritative sources, and are handled so as to show Rochester people just how high up or low down in the scale of cities, Rochester stands in its treatment of its women workers. The report is also issued as an "equal pay" document by the woman suffrage organization.

AMONG the answers to the question why

they quit school which Helen M. Todd put to Chicago factory children are the following taken from Why Children Work in McClure's:

"Because you get paid for what you do in a factory."

"Because it's easier to work in a factory than 'tis to learn in school."

"You never understands what they tells you in school, and you can learn right off to do things in a factory."

"They ain't always pickin' on you because you don't know things in a factory."

RUNNING THE HOME, by Martha Bensley Bruère in Good Housekeeping, is an argument for the use of public utilities in place of certain old-fashioned forms of "elbow grease," on the ground not merely of the saving of labor but of expense. Mrs. Bruère's conclusion is that the city, with its superior facilities for using centralized facilities for heating, lighting, etc., co-operatively, comes out far ahead of the country. In the budgets she studied the percentage of income spent for the "operation of the household-heat, light, repairs, services, etc." -in the city was only half what it is in the country.

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IN Parenthood and the Social Conscience, Seth K. Humphrey (Forum) recommends the lifting of the burden of the hereditary defective from society by "parenthood laws" which would not force sterilization on defectives but would give them the choice of sterilization or segregation. The much controverted Indiana institutional experience is the basis of Mr. Humphrey's conclusion that many defectives will accept the former method of "ending their miseries with themselves."

FOLLOWING up Burton J. Hendrick's narra

tive last month of the Jewish invasion of America, Abraham Cahan, "editor, author, and general counselor of the Jewish East Side of New York," this month begins in McClure's the material and spiritual history of David Levinsky, a Russian Jew who became an American millionaire.

April 12, 1913.

FRANK BARCLAY COPLEY in an article

in the American Magazine, which receives the commendation of Frederick W. Taylor in an introductory note, thus defines the position of the new science of management toward trade unionism:

"The only way the workers, herded into gangs and treated as machines for grinding out dividends, can defend themselves is through organization. Ordinary unionism, therefore, finds its justification as a war-measure. Scientific management, however, by establishing that community of interest between capital and labor which has so long been obscured by ignorance, creates industrial peace, and the only persons who have reason to oppose it are those who have a personal interest in the continuance of warfare. Under scientific management the workers are not subordinates, but coordinates, and each individual is free to earn, learn, and rise as the Almighty has given him the power. No form of collective bargaining would seem to be called for, because tasks are set and wages fixed, not by arbitrary action, but by knowledge. The only real boss, in fact, is knowledge; and if anyone can speak with knowledge, he will be listened to, and he will have his reward. On the other hand, the tongue of ignorance must be still; and so it follows that to the extent that unionism means the placing of ignorant men in the saddle, or to the extent that it involves high labor costs, to that extent must scientific management always be against it."

As an indication of those interferences with shop administration which, with the growth of scientific management, the unions will be called upon to abandon, the passage is significant. But progressive labor men will fail to find in it any glimmer of understanding on the part of the scientific managers of the larger democratic safeguards of unionism. Who, for example, is to set the base rates from which the wages of any given line of craftsmen are to be scientifically built up and calculated?

CHARACTER (Boston) publishes the follow

ing resolutions adopted by W. E. Wroe and Company, a Chicago paper house. They are written in the first person, thus making them apply to the man who runs and reads as well as the man who formulated them:

I will be square, fair, and just towards all my fellow-men, and by fellow-men I mean. not only those I meet in a social way, but my associates and employes in business.

I will keep myself clean and decent, and my desires worthy of a true man.

I will listen to the dictates of my conscience.

I will do my best in everything I undertake, and will undertake nothing unless I can give it the best there is in me.

April 12, 1913.

THE beginning of a homesteading policy for Egypt is thus described in a Consular Report:

"Lord Kitchener laid the foundation stone of an agricultural school in the Egyptian Delta on November 6 and initiated a scheme for the distribution of land which has become available for cultivation through drainage. As an experiment, 610 feddans (or acres) were distributed in five-feddan lots to the landless fellaheen (peasants), the idea being to help the poor fellaheen and at the same time to increase the number of small landholders and to create family homesteads. During the first three years, when they must do work of reclamation, the fellaheen will receive the land practically free, and in the following ten years they will pay a moderate rental, after which the holding becomes theirs for life. Afterward the land descends in the families if the government approves. Alienation is forbidden, except with the consent of the State."

JOTTINGS

ST. LOUIS SCHOOL OF PHILANTHROPY

A plan contemplated for over a year to make the St. Louis School of Social Economy a department of Washington University has just been consummated. The university now assumes full direction and control of the school, but the relationship which has always existed between the school and the Russell Sage Foundation remains unchanged.

The staff, consisting of George B. Mangold, associate director, T. W. Clocker, assistant director, and Ora A. Kelly, assistant, has been increased. Charles E. Persons was recently appointed assistant director and immediately entered upon his duties. Mr. Persons is a native of Iowa, a graduate of Cornell, and received his Ph.D. at Harvard University. He has taught at Wellesley and at Princeton. From Princeton he went to Northwestern University. Mr. Persons' brother, W. Frank Persons, is superintendent of the New York Charity Organization Society. Mr. Persons has courses on public health and immigration and will assist in research work.

"THE UNAFRAID"

The Whitehaven Tuberculosis Sanatorium has a training school made up for the most part of young men and women who have been cured of tuberculosis, and who thus fit themselves to become workers against the scourge. Under the title The Unafraid, William Warren Keller, former secretary of the Child Labor Committee for western Pennsylvania, and himself a man who, during the past year, has downed an incipient case of tuberculosis, wrote some verses in congratulation of the last graduating class. To quote two stanzas:

Resolved to a life full of service

To those who must suffer to breathe.
You added your strength to God's purpose,
The finest to mankind bequeathed.

The indentured years now are finished,
Though scarred, bravely forth do you go,
To relieve and restore wounded brothers,
Driving out from their lives pain and woe.

MOTHERS AND INFANTS.

Primary object to aid a mother to keep her infant in her personal care when without such help, usually temporary, she might be obliged to give it up for adoption or to place it in an institution.

An unmarried mother is not refused if she loves her infant, and desires to lead an upright life.

No institution connected with this work. Each applicant regarded as an individual and assisted according to her needs.

We have been especially successful in caring for the unmarried.

Reports of our methods sent gratis. Re quests for these from directors of maternity hospitals welcomed.

Address: MISS L. FREEMAN CLARKE, 91 Mt. Vernon St., Boston, Mass.

AMERICAN TRACT SOCIETY

Organized 1825.-Incorporated 1841.

Its work is interdenominational and international in scope, and is commended by all evangelical denominations. It has published the Gospel message in 174 languages, dialects and characters. It has been the pioneer for work among the foreign-speaking people in our country, and its missionary colporters are distributing Christian literature in thirty-three languages among the immigrants, and making a home-to-home visitation among the spiritually destitute, both in the cities and rural districts, leaving Christian literature, also the Bible or portions of the Scriptures. Its publications of leaflets, volumes and periodicals from the Home Office totals 777.702.649 copies with 5,459 distinct publications in the foreign field. The gratuitous distribution for the past year is $21,300.81, being equivalent to 31.951.215 pages of tracts. Its work is ever widening, is dependent upon donations and legacies, and greatly needs increased offerings.

WILLIAM PHILLIPS HALL, President. JUDSON SWIFT, D.D., General Secretary. Remittances should be sent to Louis Tag, Asst. Treasurer, 150 Nassau street, New York City.

THE PITH OF IT

OHIO, Minnesota, New Jersey and Missouri

are the latest additions to the list of states which have passed mothers' pension laws. The report of the Massachusetts State Commission, ased upon the first official investigation of the subject, has recently been given to the public.

SECRETARY HOUSTON has created in the

Department of Agriculture a "rural organization service," and appointed T. N. Carver, professor of economics at Harvard, director of the work. This will be an extension of the division of markets, for which Congress provided last year, and which is to study the "marketing and distributing of farm products." Secretary Houston, deciding that the work should be broader, has accepted an offer from the general education board, which has co-operated with the department for several years in its farm demonstration work, to do likewise in the problems of the "rural organization service."

NEW YORK social workers are protesting

against certain of the recommendations of Governor Sulzer's Committee of Inquiry which has urged the abandonment of some important humanitarian projects, such as a farm colony for tramps, to which the state is committed by legislation. P. 84.

FOR seven weeks the 27.000 workers in the

silk mills of Paterson, N. J., have been on strike against a proposed change in method which will, they declare, alter the character of an industry that has hitherto paid more generous wages than most branches of textile manufacturing. P. 81.

EDITH M. Hadley, president of the Chelsea

House Association of New York, tells how the housing problem affects girls. P. 92. ACCORDING to Leonard P. Ayres of the

Russell Sage Foundation there are just three physchological tests in vocational guidance. which have for their object the difficult task of selecting from among all the applicants those best fitted to perform the work. P. 95.

FIFTY thousand dollars has been spent by the

National Association of Manufacturers during the last three years in a nation-wide movement for industrial safety. Ferdinand C. Schwedtman, chairman of the association's Committee on Accident Prevention and Workmen's Compensation. tells of some of the concrete results that have been achieved. P. 101.

IN New Orleans is the oldest orphanage in

the United States. P. 115.

THAT social workers are too prone to seek from courses on sex hygiene absolute information, a precise formula, that can be applied under any or all conditions in their daily work is the apparent lesson of a series of lectures given last spring in Boston. Pp. 88 and 124.

THE COMMON WELFARE
The Strike of the Jersey Silk Workers
"A Man's Friends"
Brieux's "Damaged Goods" Presented
New York Charities and the Law Makers
Bedford Reformatory Now Facing a Crisis
EDITORIAL GRIST

The Battle Lines of Child Labor Legislation, Anna Rochester
Eternity and a Penny Pill, Richard C. Cabot, M.D.

The Dawn of a Better Day, Dudley D. Sicher
CIVICS

The School Center, Henry S. Curtis
Municipal Music in New York, S. H. J. Simpson
The Housing Problem as It Affects Girls, Edith M. Hadley
Jersey Housing Association Formed

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