ARTICLE V. This new transatlantic radio line is to be used also to insure communications with Italy in case the cable lines by way of France and England should prove to be insufficient. ARTICLE VI. Official radiograms shall be in cipher; however radiograms conveying only official press information will be transmitted unciphered. ARTICLE VII. The United States and Italian authorities who are authorized to employ radio communications are the following: Authorities residing in Washington: The Department of State; the Department of War; the Department of the Navy; the Italian Embassy; the Italian Military Attaché; the Italian Naval Attaché; and the Director of Naval Communications. Authorities residing in Rome: The Ministry of Foreign Affairs; the Ministry of War; the Ministry of Marine; the Ministry of Posts and Telegrams; the Embassy of the United States; the Military Attaché of the United States; and the Naval Attaché of the United States. ARTICLE VIII. The technical and practical conditions under which the United States and Italy will employ this radio line will be determined in a further agreement between the communication services of the respective Governments. It is, of course, understood that systematic trials have to be made to perfect the various conditions, specially to determine the hours of service, in order to improve this important service. [SEAL.] [SEAL.] ROBERT LANSING. 1918. TREATY PROVIDING FOR RECIPROCAL MILITARY SERVICE. Signed at Washington August 24, 1918; ratification advised by the Senate October 24, 1918; ratified by the President November 2, 1918; ratified by Italy October 28, 1918; ratifications exchanged at Washington and Rome November 12, 1918; proclaimed November 18, 1918. (Treaty Series, No. 637; 40 Statutes at Large 1633.) ARTICLES. I. Applies laws of each country to male citizens of the other resident therein. II. Time limit for choosing service under own flag. III. Certificates of exemption. IV. Return to own country to be facilitated. V. Nationality preserved. VI. Holds other treaty provisions in abeyance. VII. Ratification; duration. The President of the United States of America and His Majesty the King of Italy being convinced that for the better prosecution of the present war it is desirable that citizens of the United States in Italy and Italian citizens in the United States shall either return to their own country to perform military service in its army or shall serve in the army of the country in which they remain, have resolved to enter into a Convention to that end, and have accordingly appointed as their Plenipotentiaries: The President of the United States of America, Robert Lansing, Secretary of State of the United States, and His Majesty the King of Italy Count Vincenzo Macchi di Cellere, Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary to the United States, who, after having communicated to each other their respective full powers, found to be in proper form, have agreed upon and concluded the following Articles: ARTICLE I. All male citizens of the United States in Italy and all male citizens of Italy in the United States shall, unless before the time limited by this Convention they enlist or enroll in the forces of their own country or return to the United States or Italy, respectively, for the purpose of military service, be subject to military service and entitled to exemption or discharge there from under the laws and regulations from time to time in force of the country in which they are: Provided, that in respect to citizens of the United States in Italy the ages for military service shall be the ages specified in the laws of the United States prescribing compulsory military service, and in respect to Italian citizens in the United States the ages for military service shall be for the time being twenty to forty-four years, both inclusive. ARTICLE II. Citizens of the United States and Italian citizens within the age limits aforesaid, who desire to enter the military service of their own country, must enlist or enroll or must leave Italy or the United States, as the case may be, for the purpose of military service in their own country, before the expiration of sixty days after the date of the exchange of ratifications of this Convention, if liable to military service in the country in which they are at said date; or if not so liable, then, before the expiration of thirty days after the time when liability shall accrue; or, as to those holding certificates of exemption under Article III of this Convention, before the expiration of thirty days after the date on which any such certificate becomes inoperative unless sooner renewed; or, as to those who apply for certificates of exemption under Article III, and whose applications are refused, then before the expiration of thirty days after the date of such refusal, unless the application be sooner granted. ARTICLE III. The Government of the United States and the Government of Italy may, through their respective diplomatic representatives or by other authorities appointed for that purpose by the respective Governments, issue certificates of exemption from military service to citizens of the United States in Italy and Italian citizens in the United States, respectively, upon application or otherwise, within sixty days from the date of the exchange of ratifications of this Convention or within thirty days from the date when such citizens become liable to military service in accordance with Article I, provided that the applications be made or the certificates be granted prior to their entry into the military service of either country. Such certificates may be special or general, temporary or conditional and may be modified, renewed, or revoked, in the discretion of the Government granting them. Persons holding such certificates shall, so long as the certificates are in force, not be liable to military service in the country in which they are. ARTICLE IV. The Government of the United States and the Italian Government will, respectively, so far as possible, facilitate the return of citizens of Italy and of the United States who may desire to return to their own country for military service, but shall not be responsible for providing transport or the cost of transport for such persons. ARTICLE V. No citizen of either country who, under the provisions of this Convention, enters the military service of the other shall, by reason of such service, be considered, after this Convention shall have expired or after his discharge, to have lost his nationality or to be under any allegiance to the United States or to His Majesty the King of Italy, as the case may be. ARTICLE VI. This agreement while in force, holds in abeyance any provisions inconsistent therewith, in the treaty of February 26, 1871, or in any other treaty between the United States and Italy. ARTICLE VII. The present Convention shall be ratified by the President of the United States of America by and with the advice and consent of the Senate of the United States and by His Majesty the King of Italy, and the ratifications shall be exchanged at Washington or at Rome as soon as possible. It shall come into operation on the date on which the raticfiations are exchanged and shall remain in force until the expiration of sixty days after either of the contracting parties shall have given notice of termination to the other; whereupon any citizen of either country incorporated into the military service of the other under this Convention, shall be, as soon as possible, discharged therefrom. In witness whereof, the respective Plenipotentiaries have signed the present Convention and have affixed thereto their seals. Done in duplicate at Washington the twenty-fourth day of August in the year of our Lord one thousand nine hundred and eighteen. [SEAL.] [SEAL.] ROBERT LANSING. For text see Vol. I, p. 969. 1919. AGREEMENT FURTHER EXTENDING THE DURATION OF THE Signed at Washington March 20, 1919; ratification advised by the Senate July 17, 1919; ratified by the President July 29, 1919; ratified by Italy August 18, 1919; ratifications exchanged at Washington October 13, 1919; proclaimed October 15, 1919. (Treaty Series, No. 645; 41 Statutes at Large, 1675.) ARTICLES. I. Extends 1908 convention for five II. Ratification. years. The Government of the United States of America and the Government of His Majesty the King of Italy, being desirous of extending for another five years the period during which the Arbitration Convention concluded between them on March 28, 1908, extended by the Agreement concluded between the two Governments on May 28, 1913 shall remain in force, have authorized the undersigned, to wit: the Honorable Frank L. Polk, Acting Secretary of State of the United States, and Baron Pietro Arone di Valentino, His Majesty's Chargé d'Affaires at Washington, to conclude the following agreement: ARTICLE I. The Convention of Arbitration of March 28, 1908,1 between the Government of the United States of America and the Government of His Majesty the King of Italy, the duration of which by Article III thereof was fixed at a period of five years from the date of the exchange of ratifications of the said Convention on January 22, 1909 which period, by the agreement of May 28, 1913,2 between the two Governments was extended for five years from January 22, 1914, is hereby renewed and declared in force for a further period of five years from January 22, 1919. ARTICLE II. The present agreement shall be ratified by the President of the United States of America, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate thereof, and by the Government of His Majesty, the King of Italy, in accordance with its Constitution and laws, and it shall become effective upon the date of the exchange of ratifications, which shall take place at Washington as soon as possible. Done in duplicate, in the English and Italian languages, at Washington this 20th day of March nineteen hundred and nineteen. 1 For text see Vol. I, p. 992. For text see above, p. 2700. [SEAL.] FRANK L. POLK PIETRO ARONE DI VALENTINO JAPAN. 1911. COMMERCE AND NAVIGATION. Signed at Washington February 21, 1911; ratification advised by the Senate, with amendment, February 24, 1911; ratified by the President March 2, 1911; ratified by Japan March 31, 1911; ratifications exchanged at Tokyo April 4, 1911; proclaimed April 5, 1911. (Treaty Series, No. 558; 37 Statutes at Large, 1504.) The President of the United States of America and His Majesty the Emperor of Japan, being desirous to strengthen the relations of amity and good understanding which happily exist between the two nations, and believing that the fixation in a manner clear and positive of the rules which are hereafter to govern the commercial intercourse between their respective countries will contribute to the realization of this most desirable result, have resolved to conclude a Treaty of Commerce and Navigation for that purpose, and to that end have named their Plenipotentiaries, that is to say: The President of the United States of America, Philander C. Knox, Secretary of State of the United States; and His Majesty the Emperor of Japan, Baron Yasuya Uchida, Jusammi, Grand Cordon of the Imperial Order of the Rising Sun, His Majesty's Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary to the United States of America; Who, after having communicated to each other their respective full powers, found to be in good and due form, have agreed upon the following articles: ARTICLE I. The citizens or subjects of each of the High Contracting Parties shall have liberty to enter, travel and reside in the territories of the |