for one shilling; but the bibliomaniac must now pay from twenty to thirty shillings for a copy. The original, printed in 1688, does not contain the second part, which was published by Mr. Nichols for the first time. Copies are in the Bodleian, and in the University Library, Cambridge. EDWARD F. RIMBAULT. Marylebone Gardens (No. 24. p. 383.).-These gardens were finally closed in 1777-8. It is not generally known that, previous to the year 1737, this "fashionable" place of amusement was entered gratis by all ranks of people; but the company becoming more "select," Mr. Gough, the proprietor, determined to charge a shilling as entrance money, for which the party paying was to receive an equivalent in viands. EDWARD F. RIMBAULT. Mother of Thomas à Becket (No. 26. p. 415.).— An inspection of some of the numerous legends touching the blessed martyr, St. Thomas of Canterbury, would probably supply many interesting particulars concerning the story of his father's romantic marriage. But the most important narrative is that of Herbert Bosham, Becket's secretary, who, it will be remembered, was present at his martyrdom. Bosham's Vita et Res Gesta Thoma Episcopi Cantuariensis is published in the Quadrilogus, Paris, 1495. Consult also the French translation of Peter Langtoft, and the English one by Laurence Wade, a Benedictine monk of Canterbury. Robert of Gloucester's metrical Legend of the Life and Martyrdom of Thomas Behet, published by the Percy Society, under the editorial care of Mr. W. H. Black, fully confirms the "romance;" as also do the later historians, Hollingshed, Fox, and Baker. EDWARD F. RIMBAULT. Duke of Marlborough (No. 26. p. 415.).-Your correspondent "BURIENSIS" is referred to the Trial of William Barnard, Howell's State Trials, xix. 815 -846.; the case of Rex v. Fielding, Esq., Burrow's Reports, ii. 719.; and Lounger's Common Place Book, tit. Barnard, William. The greater part of this latter article is in Leigh Hunt's One Hundred Romances of Real Life, No. 1. C. H. COOPER. Cambridge, April 29. 1850. ["C. J. R." refers "BURIENSIS" to Burke's Celebrated Trials connected with the Aristocracy, London, 1848; and "J. P. Jun." refers to Leigh Hunt's London Journal, No. 1. p. 5., No. 3. p. 24.] Lord Carrington or Karinthon (No. 27. p. 440.). - The nobleman about whom "C." inquires, was Sir Charles Smith, created an English baron 19 Charles I., by the title of Lord Carrington, and afterwards advanced to the dignity of an Irish Viscount under the same name. These honours were conferred upon him for his services to the King in the time of his majesty's great distresses. On the 20th Feb., 1655, whilst travelling in France, Lord Carrington was barbarously murdered by one of his servants for the sake of his money and jewels, and buried at Pontoise. (Bankes' Dormant and Extinct Peerage, vol. iii. p. 155.) The title became extinct circiter 1705. BRAY BOOKE. Lord Monson presents his compliments to the Editor of "NOTES AND QUERIES," and has the pleasure of answering a Query contained in this day's Number, p. 440.; and takes the liberty of adding another. The English nobleman murdered at Pontoise was Charles Smith, Viscount Carrington of Bar Dr. Strode's Poem (No. 10. p. 147.). — Dr. refen, Ireland, and Baron Carrington of Wotton Strode's poem, beginning "Return my joys, and hither bring which Dr. Rimbault does "not remember to have seen in print," is in Ellis's Specimens, iii. 173. ed. 1811. He took it from Wit Restored, p. 66. ed. 1658, or i. 168. reprint. It is the second poem mentioned by Dr. Bliss, A. O. iii. 152., as occurring with Strode's name in MS. Rawl. 142. Warem, co. Warwick; the date in the pedigrees of the murder is usually given 1666, probably March 1665-6. The last Lord Carrington died 17 May, 1706: the estates of Wotton came to Lewis Smith, who married Eliz., daughter of William Viscount Monson, and relict of Sir Philip Hungate. His son Francis Smith Carrington died in 1749, and left one daughter and heir. What relation was Lewis Smith to the Smiths Lord Carrington? No pedigree gives the connection. Dover, May 4. 1850. also has 46 ["J. M. W." has kindly answered this Query; so W. M. T.," who adds, " Lord Carrington, previously Sir Charles Smith, brother to Sir John Smith, who fell on the King's side at Alresford in 1644, being Commissary-General of the Horse. By the way, Bankes says it was his son John who fell at Alresford, but it is more likely to have been, as Clarendon states, his brother, unless he lost there both a brother and a son."] Esquires and Gentlemen. I would ask your correspondent (No. 27. p. 437.), whether he has ascertained the grounds of distinction made in the seventeenth and in the early part of the eighteenth century, between esquires and gentlemen, when both were landed proprietors? We find lists of names of governors of hospitals, trustees, &c., where this distinction is made, and which, apparently, can only be accounted for on this ground, that the estates of the gentleman were smaller in extent than those of the esquire; and, consequently, that the former was so far a person of less consideration. Had the bearing of coat armour, or a connection with knighthood, any thing to do with the matter? J. H. MARKLAND. Bath, May. those on American Aborigines called Indians (No. 16. p. 254.). I believe the reason is that the continent in which they live passed under the name of India, with the whole of the New World discovered at the close of the fifteenth century. It is, of course, unnecessary to dwell upon the fact of Columbus believing he had discovered a new route to India by sailing due west; or upon the acquiescence of the whole world in that idea, the effects of which have not yet passed away; for we not only hear in Seville, even now, of the "India House" meaning house of management of affairs for the "New World," but we even retain ourselves the name of the West Indies, given as unwarrantably to the islands of the Caribbean Sea. It is needless to do more than allude to this, and to other misnomers still prevalent, notwithstanding the fact of the notions or ideas under which the names were originally given having long since been exploded; such as the "four quarters of the globe," the "four elements," &c. If your correspondent searches for the solution of his difficulty on different grounds from those I have mentioned, it would not satisfy him to be more diffuse; and if the whole reason be that which I conceive, quite enough has been said upon the subject. G. W. 89. Hamilton Terrace, St. John's Wood. Early Inscriptions. The excellent remarks by "T. S. D." on "Arabic Numerals, &c." (No. 18. p. 279.) have put me in mind of two cases which in some degree confirm the necessity for his caution respecting pronouncing definitively on the authenticity of old inscriptions, and especially "Balks and Beams" in old manorial dwellings. The house in which I spent the greater portion of my youth was a mansion of the olden time, whose pointed gables told a tale of years; and whose internal walls and principal floors, both below and above stairs, were formed of "raddle and daub." It had formerly belonged to a family of the name of Abbot; but the "last of the race" was an extravagant libertine, and, after spending a handsome patrimonial estate, ended his days as a beggar. Abbot House was evidently an ancient structure; but unfortunately, as tradition stated, a stone, bearing the date of its erection, had been carelessly lost during some repairs. However, in my time, on the white wainscot of a long lobby on the second floor, the initials, "T. H. 1478," were "America persæpe dicitur, sed improprie, Indiæ distinctly traced in black paint, and many persons Occidentales, les Indes Occidentales, Gallis, West Inde, considered this as nothing less than a "true copy" Belgis: Non tantum ab Hispanis, qui illam denomiof the lost inscription. Subsequent inquiry, how-nationem primi usurparunt, sed etiam a Belgis, Anglis, ever, finally settled the point; for the inscription et aliquando a Francis, quod eodem fere tempore detecta sit ad occidentem, quo ad Orientem India reperta est."- - Hofmanni Lexicon Univ. 1677, sub titulo “Ame was traced to the rude hand of one of the work- The second instance is that of the occurrence of "four nearly straight lines" on one of the compartments of a fine old font in Stydd Church, near Ribchester, which many visitors have mistaken for the date "1178." A closer scrutiny, however, soon dispels the illusion; and a comparison of this with similar inscriptions on the old oak beams of the roof, soon determines it to be nothing more than a rude, or somewhat defaced, attempt to exhibit the sacred monogram "I. H. S.” Burnley, April 27. 1850. J. W. "NORTHMAN" is informed, that on the discovery of America by Columbus, when he landed at Guanahani (now called Cat Island), he thought, in conformity with his theory of the spherical shape of the earth, that he had landed on one of the islands lying at the eastern extremity of India; and with this belief he gave the inhabitants the name of Indians. The following quotations will perhaps be interesting: rica." "At eadem terra nonnullis India Occidentalis, nuncupatur, quia eodem tempore, quo India Orientalis in Asia, hæc etiam detecta fuit; tum quod utriusque incolis similis ac pene eadem vivendi ratio: nudi quippe utrique agunt."— P. Cluverii Introduct. in Univ. Geographiam, Cap. xi. (iv.) 1711. "The most improper name of all, and yet not much less used than that of America, is the West Indies: West, in regard of the western situation of it from these parts of Europe; and Indies, either as mistook for some part of India at the first discovery, or else because the seamen use to call all countries, if remote and rich, by the name of India."— Heylyn's Cosmography, 1677, Book iv., sub initio. It is almost needless to mention, that India re ceived its name from the river Indus; and that Indus and 'Idos, are the Roman and Greek forms of Sindo, the name it was known by among the natives. HENRY KERSLEY. Corpus Christi Hall, Maidstone. [We have received many other replies to this Query, referring NORTHMAN to Robertson's History of America, and Humboldt's Aspects, &c., vol. ii. p. 319.] Vox Populi Vox Dei (No. 20. p. 321.).-Your “QUESITOR" asks for the origin of correspondent the saying Vox populi Vox Dei. Warwick, in his Spare Minutes (1637), says — "That the voice of the common people is the voice of God, is the common voice of the people; yet it is as full of falsehood as commonnesse. The cry before Pilate's judgment-seat, Let him be crucified,' was vor populi, the cry of all the people.' How far was it the voice of God?" M. [Mr. G. Cornewall Lewis, in his valuable Essay on the Influence of Authority in Mutters of Opinion, p. 172., has some very interesting remarks upon this proverb, which, "in its original sense, appears to be an echo of some of the sentences in the classical writers, which attribute a divine or prophetic character to common fame or rumour." See pp. 172, 173., and the accompanying Notes.] [Messrs. Williams and Norgate have also obligingly answered this Query, by the following list: PYL (R. van der), A practical Grammar of the Dutch Language, 8vo. Rotterd. 1826, 88. AHN (F.) Neue holländische Sprachlehre nebst Le sestucke, 12mo. Cref. 1841, 28. AHN (F.) holländische Umgangsprache, 12mo. 1846, 18. 6d. PICARD (II.) A new Pocket Dictionary of the English and Dutch Languages, remodelled and corrected from the best Authorities. Zaltbommel, 1843, 10s. Cd. DITIONNAIRE Hollandais et Français. 16mo. Leipzig, 48. HOLLANDISCH u. deutsches Taschen-wörterbuch. 16mo. 48.] Salting.Salt is said by all writers upon magic to be particularly disagreeable to evil spirits; and it is owing to this noxious substance being dissolved in holy water, that it has such power in ing them away. Query, did not salt acquire this high character, and its use in all sacrifices, from its powers of resisting corruption? Salt is used emblematically in many of our foreign universities. There is a book published at Strasburg as late as 1666, containing twenty plates, illustrating the several strange ceremonies of the "Depositio." The last represents the giving of the salt, which a person is holding on a plate in his left hand; and, with his right hand, about to put a pinch of it upon the tongue of each Becanus or Freshman. A glass, probably holding wine, is standing near him. Underneath is the following couplet : "Sal Sophiæ gustate, bibatis vinaque læta, Augeat immensus vos in utrisque Deus!" A copy of this rare book was sold in the Rev. John Brand's collection. I have never seen it, and know it only from a MS. note in one of Brand's Common Place Books now in my possession. EDWARD F. RIMBAULT. Vincent Gookin (No. 24. p. 385.).—Your Querist "J." is referred to Berry's Kentish Pedigrees, where, at pp. 60. 195. 202. 270. and 113., he will find notices and a pedigree of the family Gookin; and therein it is shown that Vincent Gookin was the fourth son of John Gookin of Replecourt, co. Kent, by Katherine, dau. of Williain Dene of Kingston. In the early part of the 17th century, Sir Vincent Gookin, Knt. (why was he knighted?) was i living at Highfield House, in the parish of Bitton, Gloucestershire. It appears by the register, that in 1635, Mary Gookin, Gentleman, and Samuel, son of Sir Vincent Gookin, Knt., were buried at Bitton. In 1637, John Gookin of Highfield, aged 11 | years, was buried in the Mayor's Chapel, Bristol. 1637, Frances, dau. of Sir Vincent Gookin, Knt, and the Lady Judith, was baptized at Bitton. 1637, Feb. 13. "Sir Vincent Gookin, Knt., was buryed" at Bitton. 1642, May 2. "Judith, the Lady Gookin, was buryed" at Bitton. There are no monuments remaining. Highfield, with the manor of Upton Cheyney, was a considerable estate in 1627, when it was passed by fine from John and Mary Barker to Vincent Gookin, Esq. In 1646, Vincent Gookin, Esq. (no doubt the knight's son), and Mary his wife, and Robert Gookin their son, Gent., passed the same estates by fine to Dr. Samuel Bave, after which it is supposed the Gookins left the parish. In Sims' Index are references to pedigrees under Gokin, Kent. Any further notices of Sir Vincent or his son would be acceptable to H.T. ELLACOMBE. Bitton, May, 20. 1850. Sneck up (No. 29. p. 467.).- All Shakspearean students will be deeply indebted to you for giving Hanap (No. 29. p. 477.).—I have a few notes by me relative to this drinking vessel, which may, perchance, be acceptable to some of your readers. It was similar to the standing cup and grace cup, as these vessels were subsequently called, being raised from the table by a foot and stem, for the convenience of passing it round the table for the company to pledge each other out of; it was thus distinguished from the cup, which was smaller, and only used by one person. The hanap frequently occurs in wills and inventories of the thirteenth, fourteenth, and fifteenth centuries. In the will of Lady Clare, 1355*, "Je devise a ma jœfne fille Isabel Bardolf en eide de lui marier un hanap plat door.” And in that of the Earl of March, 1380†,— Item. nous devisons a notre treschier friere Mons. Henri, un hanaper de tortelez ove un estelle en le founce." A very elegant specimen is described in the will of the Duchess of Gloucester, 1390, "Un hanappe de Beril gravez de long taille, et assis en un peé d'or, ove un large bordur paramont, et un covercle tout d'or, ove un saphir sur le pomel du dit covercle." In an inventory 19th Henry VI. § we find"Une haute coupe d'argent enorrez appellez l'anap de les pinacles pois de troie vii tb pris la lb xls. Summa xiii li." And temp. Edward II. 1324 ||,— Bishop Burnet as an Historian. -Dr. Joseph Pope's friend, had cautioned him against relying Warton told my father that "Old Lord Bathurst," implicitly on all Burnet's statements; observing anecdote hunting, that the wags about court used that the good bishop was so given to gossiping and often to tell him idle tales, for the mischievous pleasure of seeing him make notes of them. Lord deliberate misrepresentation, but considered some Bathurst did not, I believe, charge Burnet with of his presumed facts questionable, for the reason stated. ELIJAH WARING. Dance Thumbkin.-In the Book of Nursery Rhymes, published by the Percy Society, there is a small error of great importance, involving no less than what the learned would call "a non sequitur," and which, if my correct-and-almostunequalled nurse, Betty Richins, was alive, she would have noticed much sooner than the nurseling who now addresses you. (She died about the year 1796.) In the valuable and still popular nursery classical song, "Dance Thumbkin, dance," it is not only an error to say "Thumbkin he can dance alone' (let any one reader of the "NOTES AND QUERIES," male or female, only try), but it is not the correct text. Betty Richins has "borne me on her knee a hundred times" and sung it thus: "Thumbkin cannot dance alone, Sot dance ye merry men, every one." I scarcely need add, that if this be true of Thumbkin, it is truer of Foreman, Longman, R. S. S. "Un hanap a pee de la veille fazon quillere et ey- Middleman, and Littleman. melle el founz du pois xxix 3, du pris xl.” In the same document several others are described having feet. I could give many other quotations, but will conclude with only one more, as in this last occurs the word hyrymyry, of which I should like to know the derivation, if any of your readers can assist me : King's Coffee-house, Covent Garden.- As an addition to "Mr. RIMBAULT'S" Notes on Cunningham's Handbook, the following extract from Harwood's Alumni Etonenses, p. 293., in the account of the boys elected from Eton to King's College may be interesting: "A.D. 1713. "Thomas King born at West Ashton in Wiltshire; went away scholar, in apprehension that his fellow *Kalend. of Exch. ii. 117. † Or then, meaning "for that reason." Spur Money (No. 23. p. 374, and No 28. p. 462.).—In a curious tract, published in 1598, under the title of The Children of the Chapel stript and whipt, we have the following passage: "Wee think it very necessarye that every quorister sholde bringe with him to. churche a Testament in Englishe, and turne to everie chapter as it is daily read, or som other good and godly prayer-booke, rather than spend their tyme in talk and hunting after spur-money, whereon they set their whole mindes, and do often abuse dyvers if they doe not bestowe somewhat on them." In 1622, the dean of the Chapel Royal issued an order by which it was decreed "That if anie Knight, or other persone entituled to weare spurs, enter the chappell in that guise, he shall pay to ye quiristers the accustomed fine; but if he command ye youngest quirister to repeate his Gamut, and he faile in ye so doing, the said Knight, or other, shall not pay ye fine." This curious extract I copied from the ancient cheque-book of the Chapel Royal. Within my recollection, His Grace the Duke of Wellington (who, by the way, is an excellent musician) entered the Royal Chapel "booted and spurred," and was, of course, called upon for the fine. But His Grace calling upon the youngest chorister to repeat his GAMUT, and the "little urchin" failing, the impost was not demanded. EDWARD F. RIMBAULT. MISCELLANEOUS. NOTES ON BOOKS, CATALOGUES, SALES, ETC. Mr. W. S. W. Vaux, of the department of Antiquities, British Museum, has just published a very interesting little volume under the title of Nineveh and Persepolis: an Historical Sketch of Ancient Assyria and Persia, with an Account of the recent Researches in those Countries. The work is illustrated with numerous woodcuts; and the two points which Mr. Vaux has proposed to elucidate,-viz., 1. The history of Assyria and Persia, and, as connected with it, that of the Medes, the Jews, and the Chaldees, so far as it can be ascertained from the Bible, and the works of classical authors and 2. The results of those inquiries which have been carried on for nearly three centuries by European travellers,—he has successfully accomplished, in a way to make his book a most useful introduction to the study of the larger orks which have been written upon this import abject; and a valuable substitute to those who have neither the means to purchase them, nor time to devote to their perusal. The Rev. Dr. Maitland has just published a second edition of his Eruvin, or Miscellaneous Essays on Subjects connected with the Nature, History, and Destiny of Man. The Essays are ten in number, and treat: I. On the Nature and Objects of Revelation. II. On the Impediments to the Right Understanding of Scripture. III. Man before the Fall. IV. Satan. V. The Consequences of the Fall. VI. The Fallen Angels. VII. The Millenium. VIII. The Kingdom of Messiah. IX. The Regeneration. X. The Modern Doctrine of Miracles. We mention the subjects of these papers because, although they are of a nature not to be discussed in our columns, we are sure many of our readers will be glad to know the points on which they treat. We have received the following Catalogues:Bibliotheca Selecta, Curiosa et Rarissima. Part First of a general Catalogue of Miscellaneous English and Foreign Books now on sale by Thomas G. Stevenson, 87. Princes Street, Edinburgh (a Catalogue well deserving the attention of our Antiquarian friends); John Miller's (43. Chandos Street) Catalogue of Books Old and New; W. S. Lincoln's (Cheltenham House, Westminster Road) Catalogue No. 56., May, 1850, of English, Foreign, Classical and Miscellaneous Literature. Messrs. Sotheby and Co., of Wellington Street, will commence on Monday next an eight days' sale of the valuable library of the late Rev. Peter | Hall, consisting of rare and early English Theology, Ecclesiastical History and Antiquities, Foreign and English Controversial Works, Classics, Biblical Criticism, &c. NOTICE TO CORRESPONDENTS. COMPLETION OF VOLUME THE FIRST. The present Number completes the First Volume of NOTES AND QUERIES, to which a Title-page and copious Inder will be printed as soon as possible: when copies of it may be had in cloth boards. our Subscribers as have not complete sets, to secure such In the meantime, may we beg such of Numbers as they may be in want of without delay. Errata. - No. 28. p. 452., for "Bayle" read "Bale," and for "Carood" read "Cawood." No. 29. p. 467., for "dick the string" read "click," and for "bung" read "bang." |