try thofe friends, and if unfortunately he chanced to have neither money nor friends (woeful cafe indeed!) where's the man that would infift on the detention of fuch an unfortunate fellow-creature? I'll be bold to fay not one in a thousand: I have heard it faid that there is no rule without an exception; true; and the exception proves the rule. I have heard many talk with great violence against the merciless creditor, the hard-hearted creditor; there is perhaps one cafe in a thoufand (and fcarcely that) where there may be found a monfter in nature, brutifh and cruel enough, to keep a debtor from motives of pure refentment and malice; but that this is a cafe hardly ever, or very rarely indeed to be met with, I muft infift, and for the moft clear and obvious reafon in the world, namely, becaufe if the creditor will keep his debtor in prifon, the law has tenderly and wifely judged, that he fhall proceed by particular ftipulated periods, and at an expence which muft fall upon himself. I think I have fhewn, that hard as the mode of imprifonment for debt might feem before the act paffed, it is abundantly worfe now, both for debtor and creditor. With fubmiffion to thofe, more competent to determine the point than I am, I really think, if the line had been drawn between, and the right of arresting had been taken away for all fums under five pounds, it would have been abundantly better than it now ftands.

A remarkable Cafe of Lunacy, occafioned by too much Study and Application; and fomeaubat fimilar to the well-known Cafe of Dean Swift.

A

SWISS divine, who might be faid to unite an entire world within himfelf, had no other paffion but the love of ftudy. His conftitution was exceedingly robuft, and his health unimpaired till within a year before his death. His body was well formed, his face was of a dark complexion and thin, he eat much, and chiefly food of difficult digeftion. In the article of drink he was very temperate. A year before his death he began to feel flight defluxions, to which however he did not seem to pay any attention. About fix weeks before his death he began to complain of real illness; he bad a little irregular fever, violent head-ach, fometimes in every part of it, but which commonly went off in a few hours. He likewife complained of hypochondriacal tenfions of the thorax and abdomen, and had no inclination to eat: he had dif. turbed sleep, and his mind feemed to be fometimes a little absent.

The phyfician who was called in, was of opinion that the complaint was feated in the inteftines, and recommended an infufion of carduus benedi&tus, but this not fucceeding, he had recourfe to fome gentle purgatives. The patient thought himself better, and undertook to prefide at the public examination of his fcholars. The whole affembly remarked that this wonderful man, who had always fpoken with fo much elegance and precifion, became prolix, and even flighty in what he faid, though he ftill continued to fpeak excellent Latin. He was therefore perfuaded to defift, and go home, as being too ill for bufinefs. The moment he got into bed he grew worfe. He complained of an intenfe head-ach, and was feldom in his proper fenfes. ile spoke but little, and this, contrary to his ufual cuftom, was in Latin. He had a feeble, fickly, yellow countenance, and got but little fleep. In these circumftances, his brother was of opinion that the seat of the difeafe was in his head, and that the phyfician had miftaken the cafe. Dr. Ith was therefore called in, a man of great penetration, who had been employed as phyfician to the Pruffian army, by a prince who does not meafure a man's abilities by his beard. This gentleman difcovered the feat of the disease. He prescribed ftrong purges, but without effect; and likewife very ftimulating clyfters, which were equally inefficacious: at length a cathartic was given, of ftrength fufficient to purge fix ordinary men, and this had wonderful effect. The diforder diminished confiderably. The patient recovered his reafon and his fenfes. Still, however, his mind indicated a confiderable degree of weakness in the medullary substance.

From that time he took only a difh of chocolate every day, and drank a little of the Weiffembourg waters, but was not able as yet to get out of bed. They began now to have hopes of his recovery, but he foon relapsed again into stupidity. Some good woman recommended to him the Halle effence, and this completely dif- ! ordered his fenfes again. Dr. Ith again advised the ufe of ftrong purges, and thefe had a good effect: he was almoft wholly reftored to his reafon again; his appetite returned, and his evacuations were natu- ? ral and eafy. But on after this, he be- ' came wholly deprived of fenfibility, and all his functions were confufed, and at e length at an end. He died in his 52d", year, after having been an entire week, 'Y without affording any one mark of a reaat fonable being.

Dr. Ith opened the body of this mar who had been fo uncommon an intang

he

1

a

of the extent and depth of the human understanding. He found the cranium very thin, and the brain, with its pofterior part, of a moft unufual bulk. The veffels of the dura mater, and especially of the falx, were much diftended. Between the dura and pia mater, and between the latter and the tunica arachnoides, Dr. Ith found about two ounces of water, feven or eight ounces in the lateral ventricles; an ounce and a half in the third, and as much in the fourth ventricle. Thus the cause and nature of the difeafe were plainly demonftrated. It was this accumulation of water that converted the moft exquifite genius into an animal, in the true fenfe of the word.

All thefe obfervations prove to us the danger that may arife from too great application of the mind, efpecially in perfons of a retired and inactive life; how fimple it is for men to deftroy themselves for the fake of immortality; and how much better it is with refpect to health to be defined by Providence to fell timber in the foreft, than to have too much taste for letters. Rouffeau praises the invention of him, who on the banks of the Oro1 noko, preffed the heads of new-born children between two boards with a view to flatten and lengthen them, and thus preferve them from genius. If nature, fays Rouffeau, intended us for health, meditation is contrary to nature; and a man who is abforbed in his reflections, is therefore a degenerated animal,

Trial of the Right Honourable Anne, Coun-
tefs of Cork and Orrery, on a Charge of
Adultery, avith John Charles Newby, a
Mufician.

reHE right hon. Edmund Boyle, earl riv of Cork and Orrery, in Ireland, and ask baron Boyle of Marfton in England, was ou born in November 1742, and married to nic Mifs Anne Courtenay, daughter of KelNa land Courtenay, Efq; and niece to the wit, prefent earl of Sandwich, in Auguft 1764. mig The ceremony was performed at lord whe Sandwich's houfe at Whitehall by the rev. It Dr. Thomas Eyre. Her ladyship at the crec time of her marriage was the fame age neet with her husband, fomewhat more than lum one and twenty. The earl of Sandwich are and Mrs. Poyntz, lady Cork's fifter, were only prefent at the ceremony, immediately afty of ter which the parties went down to lord fome Cork's feat at Marfton in the county of of hit Somerfet. They cohabited together nine credityears, until 1773, and had feveral chil. only ren, most of whom are still living. The harge brought by the earl against his lady That in 1773, he, without any pr

young man

vocation whatever, withdrew from his houfe, and had continued to live feparate from him, though he had often, by himfelf and friends, requested that the would return to him and her family: that he had always treated her with love and af fection, and was not a person who would be guilty of a breach of his marriage vow. That the countefs, forgetting her duty, and in violation of her conjugal vow, ia fummer 1779, contracte an acquaintance with John Charles Newly. at that time engaged to pay the violin cello at the theatre in the Haymarket, and commenced an adulterous intercourte with him, and for fuch purpose often in vited him home to her houfe in Queen. ftreet Berkeley-fquare, where they very frequently committed the crime of adu tery together: that the countefs, though the had only feen John Charles Newby at the theatre, fent a letter to him by Mr. Rice, boxkeeper at the Haymarket, de firing him to brink the mutic of a tambou rine dance, and giving him the following hint, that lady Cork would be at home to morrow morning at eleven o'clock, when he might bring the mufic; the let ter was delivered to him, and he waited as defired on her ladyship, but did not carry any mufic with him: that after wards fhe fent repeated written intimat ons to him, by chairmen and fervants, to come to her, but to conceal the realit tent of his vifits, the artfully wrote bet letters, as if it was on account of mulc that the defired to fee him; but his lor thip exprefsly alledged, that it was ot to conceal the adulterous intercourse that had taken place between them; fur, in fact, lady Cork did not play upon af mufical inftrument, nor had any fuch her house, nor did the faid Newby carry at any of his vifits, any music wit him, knowing well enough that it was b company, and not mufic, of which be ladyfhip was defirous: that foon after b firft vifit, her ladyfhip behaved in foc a manner as to make him understand be attachment to him, and during the r of the fummer he conftantly vifited b at her houfe in Queen Street, where the were conftantly alone together for fevera hours, generally from about eleven in t forenoon till four or five in the afterno and where they frequently had the cars ufe and knowledge of each others bod upon the fopha and chairs in her ladyb drawing room: that the fervants ofte furprifud her ladyship and Newby, in ry indecent and improper- fituations, well upon the fopha as otherwife: th Newby, at length wearied of his conne , refolved not to vifit her any more

ever

and pretended in a letter to her that he was a married man, although he was not really married; her ladyship however continued to fend him letters entreating to fee him again, and fometimes inclofed money in them; at length her importunities became fo frequent, that in order at once to put an end to the connection, he ordered his fervant not to take in any more of her ladyship's letters, in confequence of which feveral letters known to be fent by her, were refufed. His lord hip therefore prayed that right and juf tice might be administered, and that he might he divorced from bed, board, and mutual cohabitation with the countefs, his wife, on account of her adultery,

that night to her ladyfhip or her fervant at the theatre. Her ladyship was often out of town during the fummer, as he received feveral letters from her about keeping a box for her. She pretty conftantly frequented the theatre, generally about three or four times a week; fhe always engaged the box next the king's, which is near that end of the orchestra, where the perfon fits that plays the violoncello, and Mr. Newby played it that feafon; but he never obferved any thing in her ladyfhip's behaviour, that gave him fufpicion of an attachment to Mr. Newby, nor did he hear any fuggeftion of that fort, until after the clofe of the season, when a perfon, as he imagined, from lord Cork, came to him, and interrogated him on the subject, and after that he came to know lord Cork by meeting him on the fame bufinefs, Boxes are not engaged for the feafon at the Haymarket, but any particular box may be had for the night by fending in time. Lady Cork had always a party of diftinction with her at the Haymarket theatre; and he believed the had the fame at Covent Garden theatre, where he attended as a numberer. He thinks if there had been any thing remarkable in her ladyfhip's behaviour to Mr. Newby at the Haymarket theatre, he muft have observed it; and supposes if a perfon of diftinction wants any of the mufic performed there, the most likely method of obtaining it is to fend to one of the performers. Sophia Van Ryne, aged twenty-four years, depofed, that he came to know lord Cork in the fummer 1779, by frequently seeing him at colonel Cox's, at the camp at Coxheath; fhe only knew lady Cork by her being once pointed out to her at Drury Lane theatre; the well knew John Charles Newby for the laft five or fix years, and from November 1778, to March or April 1779 he lived with him; first at Mr. Robins's in Oxford-street, and after that at Mr. Drummond's in Tavistock street, where the left him, and where he continued until February or March 1780, which fhe knew from occafionally vifiting there. Mr. Newby fhe believed to be about thirty. In Auguft 1779 fhe dined with him at his lodgings in Tavistock-ftreet, and after dinner on his faying he had an intrigue with a countefs, he declared the did not believe it; he then said it was with lady Cork, and that he could fhew her lady Cork's letters with her name and feal to them; and going to his drawers he brought her about fixteen or eighteen letters, while he was turning over and reading them, he faid, there was no occafion to read any more of them, as they were all alike, that

To fupport and to invalidate this charge, eighteen witnoffes were examined before the Confiftory Court, Doctors Commons, in the fpring and fummer 1751. Even Newby, one of the suppose parties in the crime, was one of the rft examined. He depofed, that he had known the earl of Cork by fight, about eight or nine years, from his being pointed out to him at public places, and in the fame way about four or five years ago, fir came to know the countefs his wife. On being fhewn one of her ladyfhip's letters to him, he owned the receiving it, but declared at the fame time that it related to music only, and to nothing else; and on being interrogated on the articles of the charge, he fubmitted it to the court, that the law did not require him to depofe to the faid articles, as they contained matter tending to criminate himself, and therefore he fhould refuse to answer to them. On being fhewn feven other letters from lady Cork to him, he acknowledged the receipt of them, but faid, they related to mufic only, and to nothing else, except the pay ing him for the music, and again refufed to give any anfwers relating to any other parts of the charge. Mr. Rice boxkeeper at the Haymarket theatre depofed, that in fummer 1779, he waited on her ladyfhip at her house in Queen-ftreet, refpecting engaging a box, at which time her lady fhip informed him, he wanted a piece of mufic written out, and asked him to deliver a letter to Mr. Newby; he replied, he certainly would deliver it; and that fame afternoon her ladyfhip fent him a note inclosing one to Mr. Newby, which he delivered to him in the orchef tra before the play began. In the courfe of the evening Mr. Newby came to him, and informed him, that lady Cork had written to him for a piece of mufic, but that he could not get it ready by the time her ladyship wanted it, and gave him a note to lady Cork, which he delivered

fhe