Schmidt's, Dr. Emil, Recent Works, 406 Schmitz, F. N., Death of, 279 SCHNEIDER, ALBERT, Attraction Spheres and Centrosomes in Vegetable Cells. John H. Schaffner, 189. An Introduction to Structural Botany, H. D. Scott, 443 Schneider, Albert, Rhizobea, 306 Schorlemmer Carl, The Rise and Development of Or- 'Science,' 352 Science, America's Relation to the Advance of, G. BROWN GOODE, 4; (popular), Articles on, 81, 303; The Nature of, and its Relation to Philosophy, E. W. SCRIPTURE, 350; In Canada, J. T. C., 379, 628, 653; The Educational and Industrial Value of, HENRY S. CARHART, 393; Scientific, Investigation, The Character and Aims of, DANIEL G. BRINTON, 3; Literature, 20, 50, 78, 102, 131, 162, 186, 209, 241, 269, 299, 326, 356, 382, 408, 437, 457, 490, 522, 548, 577, 610, 634, 658, 684, 717; Societies, of Washington, 26; Secretaries of, 499; J. S. DILLER, 586; Joint Commission, 333; Journals, 28, 82, 112, 139, 168, 195, 224, 251, 280, 308, 335, 364, 392, 420, 448, 474, 503, 532, 615, 642, 670, 700; Method and Modern Intellectual Life, CONWAY MACMILLAN, 537. Sclater, P. H., and Oldfield Thomas, The Book of Antelopes, C. H. M., 389 Scott, D. H., An Introduction to Structural Botany, ALBERT SCHNEIDER, 443 SCOTT, W. B., Fossil Mammals of the Puerco Beds, Henry Fairfield Osborn and Charles Earle, 660 Scribner, F. Lamson, Grasses of Tennesse, N. L. B. 55 Scriptoribus et Lectoribus, Salutem, D. C. GILMAN, 2 SCRIPTURE, E. W., The Nature of Science and its Relation to Philosophy, 350 Scripture, E. W., Lecture on Psychology, 722 Seelye, J. M., Death of, 583 Seismological, Apparatus, Library and Collection, Loss of Professor Milne's, T. C. M. 431; Society in Rome, 697 SERGI, G., The Classification of Skulls, 658 SETCHELL, W. A., The Baltimore Meeting of the American Society of Naturalists, 34 Shaler N. S., Lower Silurian Limestones, 58 Shaw, Albert, Municipal Government in Great Britain, J. S. B., 578 Sheldon, Samuel, H. W. Litch and A. N. Shaw, Electrolytic Condensers, 670 Shepard, Willam A., death of, 668 Shields, T. E., Apparatus for Plethysmographic Study of Odors, 120 Simpson, Charles T., Naiad Classification, 419; Geographical Distribution of Naiades, 587 Skeleton, Variations in the Human, 253 Skulls, Classification of, HARRISON ALLEN, 381, G. SERGI, 658 Slingo, W., and A. Brooker, Electrical Engineering, for Electric Light Artisans and Students, F. B. CROCKER, 299 SMITH, EDGAR F., Organic Chemistry, Carl Schorlemmer, 163; The Qualitative Chemical Analysis of Inorganic Substances, 415 SMITH, ERWIN F., Length of Vessels in Plants, 77; Lagoa Santa, 510 Smith Erwin F., Nomenclature Question, 587; Biology of Bacillus-tracheiphilus, 699; Associate editor, 724 Smith, John B., A Flat-headed Borer, 276 Smith, Theo., Entero-hepatitis of Turkeys, 531 SNOW, F. H, Kansas, State Geological Survey, 376 Society of Naturalists, The Baltimore Meeting of the Solar System, On the Magnitude of the, WILLIAM South American Tribes and Languages, 457 Spalding, Volney M., Introduction to Botany, W. P. Spectroscopic, Observations of Saturn, JAMES E. KEELER, 519 Speleological Society, 544 Spencer, Cornelia Phillips, Degree, 724 Spencer, Herbert, Professional Institutions, 499 Spencer, J. W., Geographical Evolution of Cuba, 59 Stanford University, 585, 667 STARR FREDERICK, A. Primer of Mayan Heiroglyphics, Daniel G. Brinton, 326 Starr, Frederick, Notes on Mexican Archæology, 219 Stars, The Story of, G. F. Chambers, DAVID P. TODD 552 Steinmetz, S. R., Ethnologische Studien zur ersten Steam Power and Mill Work, Geo. W. Sutcliffe, Sternberg, George M., Explanation of Natural Immunity, 121; President of Association of Military Surgeons, 530 Stettenheimer, Dr. Ludwig, Eine Discussion der Kräfte der chemischen Dynamik, H. C. JONES, 271 Stevenson, J. 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B., Environment and Variation, 38; Centrosomes, 69; Polarity of the Egg in Toxopneustes, 69; Fertilization, 335; Atlas of Fertilization and Karyokinesis, 666 WILSON, W. P., Introduction to Botany, Volney M. Spalding, 496 Winchel, H. V., and U. S. Grant, Rainy Lake Gold Region, 331 Wine and Beer, Consumption of, 165 Winslow, Arthur, the Bevier Sheet, J. D. R. 248; the Iron Mountain Sheet, J. D. R., 330 Winter Storms in the North Sea, 679 Wisconsin Academy of Sciences, Arts and Letters, 728 Women at Oxford, 473 Wood's Holl, Biological Lectures Delivered at the Marine Biological Laboratory, CHARLES S. DOLLEY, 244; Biological Laboratory, A. A. A. S. Tables at, 249; Biological Lectures for 1894, 418 WOODWARD, R. S., An Historical Survey of the Science of Mechanics, 141; A Treatise on Hydrostatics, Alfred George Greenhill, 269 Woodward, R. S., Condition of the Interior of the Earth, 193; Smithsonian Geographical Tables, 292; Variation of Latitude, 638 Wortman, J. L., Devil's Corkscrews, 306 Wright, Frederick G., Glacial Phenomena, 60 Wright, Mable Osgood, Birdcraft, A Field Book of Two Hundred, Song, Game and Water Birds, C. H. M., 635 Wylie, Theophilus A., Death of, 723 Y., C. A., Elements of Astronomy, George W. Parker, 415 Yeo, John, Steam and the Marine Steam Engine, R. H. THURSTON, 328 Yokoyoma, Metajiro, Mesozoic Plants from Kōsuke, Kii, Awa and Tosa, WM. M. FONTAINE, 525 Zaglossus, The Genus, ELLIOTT COUES, 610 ZIWET, ALEXANDER, Nicolái Ivánovich Lobachévsky, A. Vasiliev, 356 Ziwet, Alexander, An Elementary Treatise on Theoretical Mechanics, R. S. W. 20; Card Catalogue, 557 Zoological Nomenclature, C. HART MERRIAM, 18; Picture Puzzle, 55; Congress, International, 217, 585; Station, American Students at the Naples, H. F. OSBORN, 238; Garden in New York, 446, 530; Zoological Society, German, 500; London, 586 ERRATA:-p. 144, col. 2, line 34: for these, read three. p. 153, col. 2, line 59: for Maupertius, read Maupertuis. p. 212, col. 1, line 11: for plan, read phase. p. 213, col. 1, line 13: for cooking, read working. p. 334, col. 1, line 23: for Styles, read Stiles. p. 457, col. 2, line 23: for cinipidæ, read Cynipidæ. VAN & 1695 SCIENCE. EDITORIAL COMMITTEE: S. NEWCOMB, Mathematics; R. S. WOODWARD, Mechanics; E. C. PICKERING, As- J. S. BILLINGS, Hygiene; J. McKEEN CATTELL, Psychology; for tion of our investigators around many widely separated centres, and the consequent lack of communication between them, increases the necessity of such a journal, as well as the difficulty of adapting it to the wants of all classes of subscribers. The experience of centuries shows that great success in advancing scientific knowledge cannot be expected even from the most gifted men, so long as they remain isolated. The attrition of like minds is almost as necessary to intellectual production as companionship is to conversation. In saying this I am not unmindful that such men as Copernicus, Kepler and Leibnitz were little stimulated by the companionship of other minds while thinking out their great works. But if the age discoveries of the kind which these men made is not past, it is certain that work of the kind they did can be repeated only once in many generations. What other and less fortunate investigators have to do is to develop ideas, investigate facts, and discover laws. The commencement of this work of development on a large scale, and with brilliant success, was coeval with the formation of the Royal Society of London and the Academy of Sciences of France. When these bodies came together their members began to talk and to think. How imperfectly they thought, and how little they knew the way to learn, is shown more fully by the history of their debates and by the questions discussed at their meetings than by anything contained in the ponderous volumes of their transactions. At the present day one of the aspects of American science which most strikes us is the comparative deficiency of the social element. We have indeed numerous local scientific societies, many of which are meeting with marked success. But these bodies cannot supply the want of national coöperation and communication. The field of each is necessarily limited, and its activities confined to its own neighborhood. We need a broader sympathy and easier communication between widely separated men in every part of the country. Our journal aims to supply the want of such a medium, and asks the aid of all concerned in making its efforts successful. It will have little space for technicalities which interest only the specialist of each class, and will occupy itself mostly with those broader aspects of thought and culture which are of interest not only to scientific investigators, but to educated men of every profession. A specialist of one department may know little more of the work of a specialist in another department than does the general reader. Hence, by appealing to the interests of the latter, we do not neglect those of the scientific profession. At the same time, it is intended that the journal shall be much more than a medium for the popularization of science. Underlying the process of specialization which is so prominent a feature of all the knowledge of our time there is now to be seen a tendency toward unification, a development of principles which connect a constantly increasing number of special branches. The meeting of all students of nature in a single field thus becomes more and more feasible, and in promoting intercourse among all such students SCIENCE hopes to find a field for its energies, in which it may invite the support of all who sympathize with its aim. S. NEWCOMB. WASHINGTON. SCRIPTORIBUS ET LECTORIBUS, SALUTEM. EVERYBODY interested in SCIENCE knows what it ought to be, bright, varied, accurate, fresh, comprehensive, adapted to many men of many minds; a newspaper, in fact, planned for those who wish to follow a readable record of what is in progress throughout the world, in many departments of knowledge. It is not the place for 'memoirs,' but for 'pointers; not for that which is so technical that none but a specialist can read it; not for controversies, nor for the advancement of personal interests, nor for the riding of hobbies. It should not be maintained for the dominant advantage of any profession, institution or place. Wordiness is inappropriate; so, on the other hand, are figures and symbols, unless they are indispensable. Reviews, summaries, preliminary announcements, descriptions, extracts, correspondence, reports of meetings, biographies, should all find a place; but they must be put in the right sort of phrases and paragraphs. There's the rub.' Who is to collect, prepare, revise and set forth these accounts of what is going on in the wide domains of investigation? Money helps to secure such articles, but the work must be done for love and not for money.' Altruism is called for, the willingness, if not the desire, on the part of scientific workers, even in the very highest classes, to contribute prompt, brief, readable, trustworthy reports of what is going on, with fitting comments. Scientific men have rarely the editorial instincts or aptitudes, like those of the editors of Nature, the Popular Science Monthly, the Journal of Science. Caution, close attention to details, precise expressions, are indeed theirs, but readiness to collect and impart news, and ability to make use of the phraseology of common life, are often wanting. There are noteworthy exceptions among men of the first rank. Dr. Asa Gray, the botanist, could say what he had |