and Oto-Laryngologic Ass'n, 1902; Transactions Ophthalmologic Division American Academy of Ophthalmology and Oto-Laryngology, 1903 and 1904; Transactions Ohio State Medical Society, 1900, 1901, 1903, 1904; E. Ellis, Diseases of Children; M. Rosenthal, Diseases of Nervous System; W. F. Clarke, Practice of Surgery; Bristowe and others, Diseases of Intestines and Peritoneum.

Cleveland Medical Journal-Practical Medicine Series, Vol. 1, 1905, General Medicine; H. Leffman, Medical Chemistry; Bouchard & Oliver, Autointoxication in Disease; Edmunds & Cushny, Experimental Pharmacology; Transactions Lackawanna County Medical Society, 1905; The Prevention of Disease, translated from the German by H. Timbrell Bulstrode, 2 volumes; About 400 numbers of journals, various.

Guy Hinsdale, M. D., Secy.-Transactions American Climatologival Ass'n, 1905.

S. S. Cohen, M. D., Secy.-Transactions Ass'n American Physicians, 1905.

R. H. Harte, M. D., Secy.—Transactions American Surgical Association, 1905.

Russell H. Boggs, M. D., Secy.-Transactions American Roentgen Ray Society, 1904.

Dr J. E. Cogan-Ophthalmology, vol. 1, 1905. Vol. 2, Nos. 1, 2; The Ophthalmic Record, 29 numbers; The Laryngoscope, 31 numbers.

Dr. Matson, Secy.-Ohio State Board Medical Registration and Examination Annual Reports 1st, 1896 to 9th, 1904.

Dr J. Riddle Goffe, Secy.-Transactions American Gynecological Society, 1905.

Dr Henry S. Upson-Journal of Psychological Medicine, Vols. 1 to 10. 16 other volumes, various medical works.

U. S. Marine Hospital-Annual Report U. S. Surgeon General, Public Health, 1905.

W. C. Phillips, M. D.-Transactions American Laryngological, Rhinological and Otological Society, 1905.

Secretary Ohio State Board of Health-Annual Report to 1904.

S. T. Armstrong, Superintendent-3rd Annual Report Bellevue and Allied Hospitals, New York, January 1, 1904 to December 31, 1904.

Medical News

G. W. Hoffman, of Lorain, who has been ill, is slowly recovering. Dr and Mrs. Mills, of Norwalk, have recently located in Cleveland. A. Per Lee Pease, of Massillon, who has been touring Europe, is at home again.

H. H. Shafer, of Alliance, has returned from Texas and reports much better health.

F. S. Pomeroy, of Chardon, who has been ill with typhoid fever, is now improving.

Dr and Mrs. A. B. Smith, of Wellington, are making a brief trip to Roanoke, Va.

J. W. Clark, of Wellington, has moved to Berlin and will succeed Dr Davis at village physician.

J. F. Kirkpatrick has disposed of his practice in Jersey, Licking County, and is again located in London.

C. B. Benson, of Troy, who has been attending lectures in a Chicago Medical College, is now at home.

O. T. Maynard and wife, of Elyria, have concluded their trip and the Doctor is now studying in London.

Dr Rogers, of Findlay, has gone to New York for several weeks to take up studies in the eye and ear hospitals.

A. N. Garver and family, of Lorain, are back again from Orlando, Fla., where they have been spending a vacation.

L. H. French, of Hamilton, who received two broken ribs, fractured shoulder blade and other injuries, will recover.

C. E. Fraunfelter, of Canton, has returned from New York City where he has been studying at the New York Polyclinic Hospital.

W. W. Hayes, of Lorain, has returned from New York City, where he has just completed a post graduate course and will take up his practice at South Lorain.

The Delaware County Medical Society held its regular monthly meeting Friday evening, April 6th. The address of the evening was given by D. E. Hughes.

M. Lowenthal, 428 Rose Building, Cleveland, desires to notify the medical profession that he is devoting his office hours especially to electric treatments.

The Darke County Medical Society held its regular monthly meeting April 12th at Greenville. G. W. Burnett read a paper on the late smallpox epidemic in Greenville.

The forty-eighth regular meeting of the Canton Medical Society was held April 6th. Program: Lecture, "Diagnosis and Surgical Treatment of Tuberculosis of the Kidney," W. E. Lower, Cleveland; Social Session following the regular program.

Civil Service examination for Medical Interne, Government Hospital for the Insane, Washington, D. C., and vacancies as they may occur in any branch of the service requiring similar qualifications, will be held June 6-7, 1906. For further information address the United States Civil Service Commission, Washington, D. C.

The twenty-fifth regular session of the Lake County Medical Society was held at 8 p. m., Monday, April 2nd, 1906, in the assembly room of the Parmly Hotel, Painesville. Program-Presentation of Clinical Cases; Some Clinical Pictures of Hysteria, Herbert de L. Spence, Cleveland; Discussion opened by Drs Winans and Brady on the negative, and Drs Good and Ingersoll on the affirmative, with a general discussion following; Good of the Society.

The first monthly meeting of the Butler County Medical Society was held Wednesday, April 11. The general subjects was Obstetrics. W. H. Taylor, of Cincinnati, read a paper entitled, "Some Recent Experiences in Obstetric Practice." Mark Millikin read a paper on "Puerperal Eclampsia;" M. M. Jacobs, "A Few Considerations in Obstetrics;" and H. E. Twitchell opened the discussion on "Case Reports of Suspended Animation in the Newborn."

The meeting of the Huron County Medical Society was held April 12. Henry S. Upson, of Cleveland, read an interesting paper on "Some Forms of Neuritis with Special Reference to Treatment," the paper showing a thorough knowledge on the subject. Dr Hawley exhibited a fine specimen of congenital malformation. A. L. Osborne was chosen delegate to the state convention of the association and Henry R. Dewey, of Bellevue was chosen alternate.

The program for the April meeting of the Gallia County Medical Society is as followss: Dr. Lester Kellar, Ironton, Medical Treatment of Appenditis from the Surgeon's Standpoint; Dr A. G. Helmick, O. H. E., subject to be selected; Dr L. C. Bean, Gallipolis, Diseases Prevalent in the Marine Hospital Service. For the May meeting the program is as

follows: Dr Jehu Eakin, Gallipolis, Cirrhosis of the Liver; Dr W. E. Howell, Rio Grande, Puerperal Eclampsia; Dr E. B. Morrison, O. H. E.. subject to be selected.

The last meeting of the Jefferson County Medical Society was held in Steubenville, Ohio, Tuesday, April 10th. Program-Call to order by the President; Reading minutes of last meeting by the Secretary; Clinical Cases by the Society; Report Case of Thrombosis of the Cavernous Sinus, Dr J. S. Mossgrove. General subject of meeting, The Artificial Feeding of Infants; The Proprietary Foods, Dr J. W. Collins; Discussion opened by Dr Fitzsimmons; Pasteurization and Sterilization of Milk, Dr H. C. Minor; Discussion opened by Dr Kreager. Unfinished business. Miscellaneous business. Announcements.

The annual meeting of the Erie County Medical Society was held at the Sloan House, Sandusky, Ohio, at 3:30 p. m., March 29th, 1906, the President, Dr Graeffe, in the chair. The following members were present: Drs Love, A. F. Cook, C. H. Merz, H. C. Schoeffle, Graeffe, Davis and Dr C. E. Ford, of Cleveland. The following were elected to membership: Drs P. F. Southwick, C. B. Bliss and C. Gorsuch of Castalia. Officers elected for the ensuing year were; Dr Chas. Graeffe, President; A. F. Cook, Vice-President; Carrie C. Davis, Secretary. Delegate to State Convention, Dr A. F. Cook, Alternate, Dr C. H. Merz. Censors, Dr Storey, Castalia, Ohio, for two years; Dr Love, three years. An informal discussion of the needs of the Society was held. It was decided that the regular meetings of this Society should be held on the second Wednesday of each month. In April the Society will be addressed by Dr C. A. Hamann, of Cleveland.

The thirty-third annual meeting of the Homeopathic Medical Society of Eastern Ohio was held at the Windsor hotel April 19. Officers for the coming year were elected. The following program was carried out: “The Scientific Basis of Homeopathy, Dr G. W. Spencer, Cleveland; Memorial Address, Dr Carter, Dr. J. W. Rockwell, Akron; President's Address, Dr G. J. Damon, Medina; Eye Strain, Dr. W. H. Phillips, Cleveland; The Outlook, Dr Wm. Murdock, Akron; Diphtheria, Dr. F. D. Smith, Cuyahoga Falls. A large number from out of town were present at the morning session, among them being, Drs. F. W. Knipple, Wm. Windsor, G. W. Spencer, H. D. Chamberlin, C. A. Hall, Carl H. Rust, O. H. Palmer, L. E. Eeimon, H. F. Staple, J. R. Horner, Miss Alice Butler, G. J. Jones, all of Cleveland, and Drs A. E. Steffield, Doylestown, G. B. Haggart, Alliance, T. T. Church, Salem and G. J. Damon, Medina. At the noon meeting the following officers were elected: President, Dr D. Seimon, of Cleveland; Vice-President, Dr E. J. Cauffield, Akron; Treasurer, F. D. Smith, Cuyahoga Falls; Secretary, Dr G. B. Haggart, Alliance; board of censors, Drs Staples, Cleveland, J. W. Rockwell, Akron, F. R. Church, Salem.

Deaths

Dr Wise, of Mt. Eaton, died recently.

J. F. Stough, of Newton Falls, died suddenly of heart trouble.

J. W. Gardner, a prominent physician of East Liverpool, is dead at the age of 80 years.

Eugene Harrison, an old army surgeon of Napoleon, died very recently as the result of an operation.

T. H. Exline, a former well known resident of Canal Dover, died recently in Los Angeles, California.

Since the introduction of tendon grafting by Nicoladoni in 1881, various modifications of the original suggestion have been brought forward until at present the surgeon has several procedures to consider in the treatment of paralytic deformities.

The following paper is based upon the experience in tendon surgery of my colleagues and myself at the Boston Children's Hospital in the last twenty years, and represents an inquiry into the final results of a considerable number of cases. The experience, however, of the earlier years when the methods introduced everywhere were in a somewhat tentative stage cannot well be used statistically, and is only presented in the form of general impressions gathered from accumulated experience. Even in the later cases, after only well tried methods were used, it is difficult to group different cases in such a way as to permit a final statistical estimate of the relative usefulness. It is hoped, however, that any serious contribution to the subject will be of service.

The various methods to be employed in tendon and muscle surgery may be briefly enumerated as follows: tendon lengthening, muscle lengthening, tendon and muscle shortening, tendon grafting, tendon and muscle transference, tendinous fixation. In connection with the surgery of paralytic deformities the benefit to be derived from arthrodesis frequently comes into the surgeon's consideration.

Tendon lengthening, formerly limited to subcutaneous tenotomy is now made more effective and more extensively useful by open incision and retaining sutures. Z-shaped tendon incisions, repeated side incision and stretching, lengthening by tendon flaps, the utilization of silk strands. Simple subcutaneous tenotomy is Read before the Academy of Medicine of Cleveland, April 20, 1906

today chiefly applicable to the tendo Achilis of children and to the tendons of the toes and fingers.

Muscle lengthening can be employed by stretching the elastic position of muscles after dividing the encasing or intra-muscular fascia, and will be found of service especially in spastic conditions of cerebral palsy.

Tendon and muscle shortening are easily and safely accomplished by division and side apposition of the divided portions with careful suture fixation, or by suturing firmly a fold in the tendon or muscle. The former is perhaps the more reliable method when strain is to be expected on the shortened tendon; the latter is more quickly and readily performed.

Clinical experience appears to show that where the subsequent strain, which is required in the functional use of the limb, is great, periosteal insertion is preferable to tendon insertion or tendon grafting. The former requires, however, either more extensive dissection than the latter, the channelling of the tissues or often employment of silk strands as artificial tendons-a means with both advantages and disadvantages.

Lange has demonstrated that transferred silk strands become the centers of reorganized tissue, which form firm and useful tendons, and with skill and care the dangers from pressure, sloughs, sepsis, tissue cutting by wear are reduced to small percentages, but in the experience of many surgeons, especially in their early cases, they still consitute dangers to be reckoned with. There can, however, be no doubt not only of the value of the method in Lange's hands, but also in the practice of all careful surgeons. Artificial silk tendons enable the surgeon to enlarge the field of serviceable operation, and to secure points of effective attachment which are essential in gaining the best functional results.

Where the paralysis is extensive, the utilization of a strong muscle for double service is attempted by transferring a split portion of the tendon of a large muscle and requiring the split portion to perform the service of a paralyzed muscle. In order to secure, as far as possible, independent action of the split portions, Drobnik has advocated the extensive splitting of muscles as well as to tendons, but the method cannot be relied upon to give independent muscular action. The split tendons act, however, as stays and can prevent foot drop or wrist drop.

It can always be remembered that in extensive paralysis where tendon transference is impossible, tendinous fixation can be used with advantage, preventing the development of distressing