Field Hearing on Issues Relating to Migrant and Seasonal Agricultural Workers and Their Employers: Hearing Before the Subcommittee on Workforce Protections of the Committee on Education and the Workforce, House of Representatives, One Hundred Fifth Congress, First Session, Hearing Held in Newland, NC, September 12, 1997, Svazek 4

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Strana 139 - ... the fertile Central Valley, . . . unemployment hovers between 12% and 16%." "More than a third of the people who live in sprawling Imperial County, near the Mexican border, are unemployed..." "In the timber belt in Northern California, Glenn County has a 19% unemployment rate. . ." Virginia Ellis, "To Phase Out Aid, Farm Belt Needs New Crop of Jobs," Los Angeles Times (June 2, 1997).
Strana 134 - Okies' and 'Texicans' were not another minority alien racial group (although they were treated as such) but American citizens familiar with the usages of democracy ... A day of reckoning approaches for the California farm industrialists.
Strana 147 - We have long waivered and compromised on the issue of migratory labor in agriculture. We have failed to adopt policies designed to insure an adequate supply of such labor at decent standards of employment. Actually, we have done worse than that. We have used the institutions of government to procure alien labor willing to work under obsolete and backward conditions and thus to perpetuate those very conditions.
Strana 138 - At any point in the year, there is a plentiful supply of farmworkers (at least 190,000, or 12% of farmworkers) in the United States who are not working.... Furthermore, there are many workers who are out of the country but may be available for work." US Dept. of Labor, "Migrant Farmworkers: Pursuing Security in an Unstable Labor Market, Based on Data from the National Agricultural Workers Survey (NAWS),
Strana 148 - If the supply of illegal farmworkers dried up tomorrow (or if growers chose to stop hiring illegal workers), the supply of work-authorized farmworkers is ample, even in peak harvest months.
Strana 141 - Florida Department of Labor and Employment Security, Bureau of Labor Market Information, 2012 Capitol Circle SE., Hartman Bldg., Suite 200, Tallahassee, FL 32399-0673.
Strana 137 - median personal incomes have nmiivH between $5,000 and $7,500 since 1988, which means that personal incomes, in inflation-adjusted dollars, likely fell during this period.'' 1997 NAWS at 18. The New York Times reported economists' assessment that farmworkers' real wages during the last twenty years have decreased by 20% or more.
Strana 152 - Foreign Farm Workers in US: Department of Labor Action Needed to Protect Florida Sugar Cane Workers (Report, 6/30/92, GAO/HRD-92-95).
Strana 136 - US Department of Labor, Migrant Farmworkers: Pursuing Security in an Unstable Labor Market, Based on Data from the National Agricultural Workers Survey (NAWS), Research Report No. 5 (1994) at 2; Philip L. Martin, "California's Farm Labor Market and Immigration Reform," in US Commission on Immigration Reform, Temporary Migrants in the United States (ed.
Strana 151 - ... General that: (a) There are not sufficient United States workers who are able, willing, qualified and available at the time of the application for a visa and admission into the United States and at the place where the alien is to perform work; and (b) The employment of the alien will not adversely affect...

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