THE LIFE

OF

THOMAS JEFFERSON.

BY

HENRY S. RANDALL, LL. D.

66 THOMAS JEFFERSON STILL SURVIVES!

The Last Words of John Adams.

IN THREE VOLUMES.

VOL. II.

PHILADELPHIA:

J. B. LIPPINCOTT & CO.

1871.

ENTERED, according to Act of Congress, in the year 1857, by

HENRY S. RANDALL,

In the Clerk's Office of the District Court of the United States, for the Southern District of New York.

!

CONTENTS OF THE SECOND VOLUME.

[A complete Analytical Index will be found at the End of the Third Volume.]

CHAPTER I.

1791.

Signature of the Bank Bill-Jefferson's Reports to Congress-The President's Southern

Tour-Jefferson's Letter to J. B. Smith, and the Resulting Controversy with Mr.

Adams-Jefferson's Letter to Washington on the Subject To Colonel Monroe-To

Mr. Adams-Mr. Adams's Reply-C. F. Adams's Allegations of Inconsistency con-

sidered (Note)-Jefferson's and Madison's Excursion North-Instructions to Mr.

Short-Political Correspondence-Yazoo Claims-Effects of United States Bank Specu-

lations Jefferson visits Home-Eighteen Letters to his Daughters-His return, and

the Meeting of Congress-Reports to Congress-Report to the President on English

and French Commerce-His Views on Constitution of Virginia-Practice of keeping

commenced-The Charges against this Production considered-Reasons

for writing it-Did it involve a Breach of Confidence ?-Fairness of Posthumous Publi-

cations of this kind-Reasons for revising and leaving it for publication Judge Mar-

shall and his Life of Washington-Its bearing on the Republican Party, and on Jeffer

son-The Ana intended as a Defence against it-The Right to employ the Testimony

adduced-Avoidance of irrelevant Personalities-Compared with similar Productions

in this Particular The Duty of Mr. Jefferson's Biographer,

his "Ana

CHAPTER II.

1792.

1

New Diplomatic Arrangements-Grounds of the Opposition to Morris's Appointment-
Explanations between the President and Secretary of State-The President apprised

of permanent Divisions in his Cabinet-Apprised of Jefferson's intended Retirement-
Jefferson's Draft of Instructions to our Ministers in Spain-Cabinet Consultation on the

dition Treaty with Spain-Instructions to Mr. Morris-Negotiations between Jefferson

Apportionment Bill-Circumstances of the Veto-Madison consulted-Proposed Extra-

and the English Minister-Jefferson delivers Hammond his Specifications of the Eng-
lish Breaches of the Treaty of Peace-Hamilton's alleged Interference in the Negotia

tions-Hammond's Answer to Jefferson's Specifications Jefferson's Rejoinder-His

Official Partialities between France and England examined-His Letter urging Wash-

ington to accept a Reelection-Washington's Answer-Paul Jones's appointment to

Office, and Death-His Relations with Jefferson-Political Letters-Further Division be-

tween Parties-Hamilton's anonymous Attacks on Jefferson-Founders of the National

Gazette-Jefferson visits Home-Family Correspondence-Washington's Letter to

Jefferson on Dissensions in the Cabinet-His Letter to Hamilton-Jefferson's Reply-

Hamilton's Reply-Comparison of the Tone of the Letters-Professions and practice of

the two compared-Jefferson's Interview with the President at Mount Vernon-

President urges his continuance in Office-Hamilton's charge that such continuance

was indelicate-Their respective "Opposition" to the President Examined-Jeffer-

son's Notice in Correspondence of Hamilton's Attacks on him--Washington's Letter to

Jefferson-Washington's Idea of Parties-President's Proclamation to Resisters of

Excise Law-Marshall's Statements-Jefferson complains of English Impressments-

Complains to Spain of Governor Carondelet-Cabinet Meeting on Viar and Jaudenes'

Complaints-Hamilton Counsels an English Alliance-The President rejects the Pro-

3econd Presidential Election-Republican Triumph in the Congressional Elections-Closing

Session of the preceding Congress-It refuses to hear Heads of Departments on the Floor

-References to Heads of Departments sustained-Political Letters-French Relations

-The President's Views on them-Loan to United States Bank defeated-" The Catho

lic principle of Republicanism "-Partisan partialities towards France and England-

-Jefferson's strong Letter to Short-Republican Opposition to Jefferson's Retirement

-His disagreeable Position--Letter to his Daughter on the Subject-Defers his Retire-

ment-Refuses to form a Coalition with Hamilton-Additional Assumption defeated by

the President-W. S. Smith's Communications from the French Government-The

President urges Jefferson to accept the French Mission, when he retires from the Ca-

binet De Ternant's application for Prepayment granted-Prepayment of entire French

Debt refused-Proceedings in Congress Inquiry into the Conduct of the Secretary

of the Treasury-Hamilton's Replies to the House-Resolutions of Censure defeated-

Their Propriety considered-War between France and England-How regarded in the

United States-Cabinet Proceedings in reference to Reception of French Minister,

and to the Bindingness of French Treaties-President's Proclamation-Jefferson's

View of Randolph's Draft-President decides to receive French Minister, and that

the French Treaties are binding-Jefferson refuses to remove Freneau from Office-His

language and Motives considered-His Idea of a Casus Belli with the European Powers-

Morris instructed to respect the De Facto Government of France-Jefferson's Ideas on

Public Officers embarking in Speculations-Citizen Genet, the new French Minister-

His Arrival in the United States-English Vessels captured-The Popular Feeling-Ca

binet Deliberations on Neutrality Laws-Instructions to Pinckney-Jefferson's Descrip-

tion of the Views of the Cabinet-Hamilton's proposed Circular to the Collectors-Jef-

ferson's Reply to Complaints of Hammond-Complains to Hamilton of his Intrusions

on his Department-Cabinet divide on Propriety of restoring Prizes to England-Po-

sitions of the Several Members-President concurs with the Secretary of State-

Genet's Arrival and Reception in Philadelphia-His Reception by the President-

His Waiver of the American Guaranty of the French West Indies-Its Effect on the

Public Mind-Relations with Spain-Its hostile Deportment towards United States-

Instructions to American Commissioners in Spain-Cabinet Meetings in regard to

Southern Indians-Decisive Dispatches to Spain-Forwarded without a Cabinet Con-

sultation War considered imminent-Federal Hostility to the French Republic con-

sidered-General Washington's Attitude on this Subject-His perfect Understanding

CONTENTS.

with the Secretary of State-Leaves the latter to decide whether an immediate Call

shall be made on England to surrender the Northern Posts Jefferson's Call on Ham-

mond-The contemplated Consequences of this Step-The Anglo-Spanish Alliance-

The President's greater Confidence in Jefferson than in the other Members of his

Cabinet, in regard to Foreign Affairs, manifested,.

CHAPTER IV.

1793.

. 101

Correspondence with Genet-Concessions of France-Genet's Complaints and Jefferson's

Replies-Genet assumes an Angry and Criminatory Tone-His Proposal to stop Pay-

ments on the St. Domingo Drafts-Discussions in relation to the Treaty of 1778, etc.-

The President goes to Mount Vernon-Genet Arms and Commissions the Little Demo-

crat at Philadelphia-Mifflin reports her about to sail-Sends Dallas to Genet Jeffer-

son visits Genet, and Particulars of their Interview-Genet intimates the Vessel will not

sail before the President's Return-Cabinet Meeting, July 8th-President's Return

expected in two or three Days-Hamilton and Knox propose to fire upon the Vessel if she

attempts to pass Mud Island-Jefferson dissents-Extracts from the two Papers-Was

Jefferson's scorching Reply merited-Difficulties of his Position-His Private Opinion

of Genet-Little Democrat drops down to Chester-President reached Philadelphia on

the 11th-His warm Note to Jefferson, and Jefferson's Answer-Cabinet Meeting on

the 12th-Jefferson's previous Action sustained-Judge Marshall's Manner of stating

the Facts Jefferson's Decided Letter to Spanish Commissioners-No Retreat in the

President's Policy-Jefferson tenders his Resignation, to take effect 1st of September

-Cabinet Discussions on demanding Recall of Genet-On an Appeal to the People—

On Rules of Neutrality-On convening Congress-Particulars of a Personal Interview

between Washington and Jefferson-Washington solicits a Delay of his Resignation-

Jefferson's Feelings on the Occasion-Jefferson's Consent, and the President's Reply-

Jefferson's Draft of Letter demanding Genet's Recall-Washington and Jefferson voted

down on a Clause-A Private Draft of Hamilton's not brought forward-Character of

Jefferson's Production A Feature in the Ana-Genet's Visit to New York The Certi-

ficate-makers-Genet's Appeal to the Public-A Hint of the degree of Control Jeffer-

son exercised over Freneau's Paper-Yellow Fever appears in Philadelphia—Outrage

of Du Plaine-British Orders in Council-French Retaliatory Decrees-Georgia pre-

paring to chastise the Creeks-Cabinet Action on the four preceding Subjects Jeffer

son's Excuse for Subscribing to the Resolution respecting England-His Dispatches in

regard to Du Plaine, and to Gov. Telfair-Progress of the Yellow Fever Jefferson's

Draft of Instructions to Morris-England satisfied with Conduct of our Government in

regard to Neutrality Laws-Persists, however, in her Aggressions-Hamilton Ill with

Yelle Fever-Jefferson sends Genet Copy of Demand for his Recall-Arranges his

Business, and carries his Daughter Home-Family Correspondence brought down—

President deliberates on convening Congress elsewhere-He consults the Cabinet and

Mr. Madison-Pendleton's Letter to Washington against Hamilton and his Measures

Demand for his own Recall-Judge Marshall's Selections from this Reply-Jefferson

President's noticeable Reply-Genet's Reply to Jefferson on receiving a Copy of the

does not answer Genet-Letter to Ceracchi-Visit of the latter to United States, and

Country-On the Construction to be given to Congress of the so-called Proclamation

of Neutrality-Hamilton's and Randolph's Drafts of Explanation rejected-Jefferson's

Views substantially concurred in-Heads of President's Speech discussed-Randolph's

Draft Jefferson drafts Messages in regard to France and England-Discussion as to

what shall be Publicly and what Privately transmitted to Congress Jefferson's Views

prevail at all points-The only place where Jefferson speaks of Drafting Papers for

the President-Reasons why we cannot know how far he made such Drafts-The

Dishonor of preserving them as Proofs of Authorship—Opening of Congress-Ascend-

1