important treaties and other international documents which bear upon the principles of international law. The selection of material is well made; the valuable explanatory notes and the references to the literature of the subject greatly enhance the usefulness of the collection to students. The selections are arranged chronologically, but an excellent index enables one to find easily the parts of treaties or documents which treat of special subjects. It is impossible to commend the book too highly.

The Purchase of Florida: Its History and Diplomacy. By Hubert Bruce Fuller, A.M., LL.M. Cleveland: The Burrows Brothers Company. pp. 399. 1906.

Mr. Fuller has worked in an almost unexplored field, and the result of his labors is a thorough account of our early diplomatic relations with Spain. The study is based very largely upon manuscript sources and all American material in print seems to have been used. The author seems not to have examined the Spanish archives, and must thus have missed much valuable material bearing upon his subject.

The Consular Service of the United States: Its History and Activities, by Chester Lloyd Jones (Philadelphia: 1906, pp. ix, 126), appears as no. 18 of the publications of the University of Pennsylvania, Series in Political Economy and Public Law. The author compares the American consular service with European consular systems and makes suggestions for the improvement of our service. Many of the suggested changes have been brought about by legislation and by executive order since the publication of this study.

The Manuel Historique de la Question du Schlesvig, edited by Franz de Jessen (Copenhague: pp. 473, 1906), is a French edition of a collection of papers published in Danish in 1901. The French translation is now brought out in order to give to the world a Danish view of the recent antagonism between the Prussian administration and the Danish population of Schleswig. Of particular interest to students of diplomatic history are the papers which bear upon the conquest of Schleswig and Holstein by Austria and Prussia in 1864.

La république et le canal de Panama, par Henri Pensa (Paris: Hachette, 1906). M. Pensa's work is devoted largely to the economic and geographic problems of the canal; the chapters devoted to the diplomatic history are written in a friendly spirit. The author thinks the United States was justified by conditions in its hasty recognition of the republic of Panama. He does think, however, "que la politique extérieure

des États-Unis, telle qu'elle est formulée dans l'interprétation actuelle de la doctrine de Monroe, a atteint l'extrême limite compatible avec les intérêts des autres nations" (p. 262).

M. Charles de Freycinet in La Question d'Egypte (2d ed., Paris, Calmann-Lévy, 1905), studies the relations of European countries to Egypt since the Napoleonic expedition of 1798. It would seem that there has almost ceased to be an international question of Egypt since the AngloFrench convention of 1904. M. de Freycinet, however, still regards the English occupation as temporary, and suggests the return of Egypt to Turkey, or its neutralization under the guarantee of the great powers. It is to be feared the wish is father to the thought.

International Law with Illustrative Cases. By Edwin Maxey. St. Louis: F. H. Thomas Law Book Co., pp. xxii, 797, 1906. This is a combination of treatise and leading cases, prepared for the use of students. It can hardly be called successful in what it undertakes, although it may be of some value to students.

Early Diplomatic Negotiations of the United States with Russia, by John C. Hildt (Baltimore: pp. 195, 1906) forms numbers 5 and 6 of Series xxiv of the Johns Hopkins University Studies. The author closes his study with the year 1824.

In Traités de la France avec les pays de l'Afrique du Nord (Paris: Pedone, pp. xv, 422, 1906) E. Rouard de Card presents a documentary history of the growth of French influence in Northern Africa.

The Recueil international des traités du XX Siècle is an important addition to the publications which give currently the texts of treaties and of other international documents. The Recueil is edited by Baron Deschamps and M. Louis Renault, and is published at Paris by A. Rousseau.

Baron A. Heyking, Russian state consul for Scotland and the Northern counties of England, issued in 1904, A Practical Guide for Russian Consular Officers. (London: Eyre and Spottiswoode, pp. xii, 298.) The book contains detailed information as to the legal position of foreigners in Russia.

La Traité Négrière aux Indes de Castille. Contrats et traités d'Assiento. Par Georges Scelle, vols. i and ii. Paris: Larose et Tenin, 1906. M. Scelle presents an exhaustive study, from manuscript sources, of the political and diplomatic history of the contract of Assiento. The work will be completed in three volumes.

L'Affaire Marocaine, by Victor Bérard (Paris: Armand Colin, 1906), was written before the Algeciras conference but gives a good account of the Moroccan situation, and of the events leading up to the conference.

La diplomatie de la troisième république et le droit des gens, by Frantz Despagenet (Paris: Larose, pp. viii, 806, 1904), is one of the important recent works upon diplomatic history.

Volume iii of Edouard Rott's Histoire de la Répresentation Diplomatique de la France auprès des Cantons Suisses (Berne: 1906), covers the years 1610-1626.

Les lois de la guerre continentale (Paris: 1904) is a translation with notes of a volume issued in 1902 by the historical section of the German General Staff. The translation is by M. Paul Carpentier, who criticises the German work as departing from the principles laid down in the Hague convention of 1899 for the conduct of war on land.

Zeitschrift für Völkerrecht und Bundesstaatsrecht, edited by Professor Josef Kohler, began to appear in January, 1906, at Breslau. As its title indicates, this periodical will devote a large share of its attention to international law. The issues are excellent in quality and fully abreast of the requirements of German scholarship.

The Rivista di diritto internazionale was begun at Rome in January, 1906, and will appear bi-monthly. The Rivista embraces within its scope both public and private international law. Its first numbers are very creditable to Italian scholarship in these fields.

The Revista de derecho internacional y política exterior has appeared since 1905 at Madrid, under the editorship of the Marquis de Olivart. Its field, as expressed in its title, is that of international law and foreign policy.

Two important works on submarine cables have recently appeared: Krieg und Seekabel. Eine völkerrechtliche Studie, by Franz Scholz (Berlin: Vahlen, pp. iv, 161, 1904); and Les Cables sous-marins, leur protection en temps de paix et en temps de guerre, by Pierre Jouhannaud. (Paris: Larose et Tenin. pp. 320. 1904.)

Der Tatbestand der Piraterie nach geltendem Völkerrecht, by Paul Stiel (Leipzig: Duncker und Humblot, pp. xi, 117, 1905), forms a part of the Staats- und völkerrechtliche Abhandlungen.

Die Kriegskonterbande in der Völkerrechtswissenschaft und der Staatenpraxis, by Max Wiegner (Berlin: Heymann, pp. xxiv, 360, 1904), is a careful study of the historical development and of the present state of the law of contraband.

Das Untersuchungsrecht des internationalen Seerechts in Krieg und Frieden, by Dr. Max J. Lowenthal (Berlin: Ebering, pp. 185, 1905), appears as Heft 18 of the Rechts- und Staatswissenschaftliche Studien.

A new edition appeared in 1905 of R. Monnet's Manuel diplomatique et consulaire. (Paris: Berger-Levrault. pp. vi. 438.)

The Law of Aliens and Nautralization, by H. S. I. Hemiques (London: Butterworth, 1906), is a commentary upon the English aliens act of 1905.

Spanish-American Diplomatic Relations preceding the War of 1898, by H. E. Flack, is a recent publication of the Johns Hopkins University Press.

The Report of the Twelfth Annual Meeting of the Lake Mohonk Conference on International Arbitration, 1906, contains many interesting papers and addresses upon the subject of international arbitration.

Régimen internacional de los rios navegables, by Ismael López (Bogotá: pp. xiii, 112, 1905), discusses the subject with especial reference to Colombian policy.

The International Position of Japan as a Great Power (New York: MacMillian, 1905, pp. 289), by Saiji George Hishida, forms a recent number of the Columbia University Studies in history, economics and public law.

Achille Viallate's Essais d'histoire diplomtaique américaine (Paris: Guilmoto, 1905, pp. iii, 306) is composed of essays on "Le développement territorial des États-Unis," "Le Canal interocéanique," and "La guerre hispano-américaine."

Les lois de la guerre et la neutralité (Bruxelles: Schepens, 2 vols., 1906) is a recent work by Fernand Verraes. It will be reviewed in a later number of the JOURNAL.

Ernest Nys' Le droit international; Les principes, les théories, les faits (Bruxelles: Castaigne, 1904-1906) has recently been completed by the publication of part 2 of volume 3. It will be reviewed in a later number of the JOURNAL.

Longmans, Green and Co. announce the publication of International Documents, a Collection of Conventions and other international acts of a law-making kind, by E. A. Whittuck.

Professor Amos S. Hershey, of the Indiana State University, has in press a work upon the International Law and Diplomacy of the RussoJapanese War. The work will be published in January, 1907, by Macmillan and Company.