F. Amendment Prohibiting the Issuance of Tax-exempt Securities.1 "SECTION 1. The United States shall have power to lay and collect taxes on income derived from securities issued after the ratification of this article by or under the authority of any State, but without discrimination against income derived from such securities and in favor of income derived from securities issued after the ratification of this article by or under the authority of the United States or any other State. "SECTION 2. Each State shall have power to lay and collect taxes on income derived by its residents from securities issued after the ratification of this article by or under the authority of the United States, but without discrimination against income derived from such securities and in favor of income derived from securities issued after the ratification of this article by or under the authority of such State." 1 This amendment was introduced into the House of Representatives on January 3, 1925, by Mr. Green, and was referred to the Committee on Ways and Means. It was not reported during the sessions of the 68th Congress. PART II THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT 12. The Presidential Succession Act of 1886 THE Constitution provides that the Vice-President shall assume the duties of the chief executive if that official dies, resigns, is removed, or for any other reason is unable to serve; but it was left to Congress to provide for the contingency that would arise if both the President and VicePresident were unable to serve. As early as 1792 Congress recognized the need of legislation in this respect and enacted that the succession should pass, in order, to the President pro tempore of the Senate and the Speaker of the House of Representatives. It was soon evident that this arrangement was not the best; but the dramatic incidents of 1880-90 were required to bring its defects clearly home to the people. In the autumn of 1881, before Congress had met, and therefore before a President pro-tempore of the Senate or a Speaker of the House could be elected, President Garfield was assassinated and the duties of the office were assumed by Vice-President Arthur. Again, in 1885 Vice-President Hendricks died before the convening of Congress, and hence before a successor to the presidency could be named. Had Vice-President Arthur or President Cleveland died before Congress assembled, the country would have been without a legally chosen chief executive. Indeed, had President Cleveland died after Congress convened, he would have been succeeded by a man of a different party, since the Senate was Republican. This would have meant a reversal of executive policy, dictated by mere chance. With a view to preventing the recurrence of risks like these, Congress, in 1886, passed the Presidential Succession Act, still in effect, and quoted below: SOURCE-24 U. S. Stat. at Large, 1. An act to provide for the performance of the duties of the office of President in case of the removal, death, resignation, or inability both of the President and Vice-President. Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That in case of removal, death, resignation, or inability of both the President and Vice-President of the United States, the Secretary of State, or if there be none, or in case of his removal, death, resignation, or inability, then the Secretary of the Treasury, or if there be none, or in case of his removal, death, resignation, or inability, then the Secretary of War, or if there be none, or in case of his removal, death, resignation, or inability, then the Attorney-General, or if there be none, or in case of his removal, death, resignation, or inability, then the Postmaster-General, or if there be none, or in case of his removal, death, resignation, or inability, then the Secretary of the Navy, or if there be none, or in case of his removal, death, resignation, or inability, then the Secretary of the Interior, shall act as President until the disability of the President or Vice-President is removed or a President shall be elected: Provided, That whenever the powers and duties of the office of President of the United States shall devolve upon any of the persons named herein, if Congress be not then in session, or if it would not meet in accordance with law within twenty days thereafter, it shall be the duty of the person upon whom said powers and duties shall devolve to issue a proclamation convening Congress in extraordinary session, giving twenty days' notice of the time of meeting. SEC. 2. That the preceding section shall only be held to describe and apply to such officers as shall have been appointed by the advice and consent of the Senate to the officers therein named, and such as are eligible to the office of President under the Constitution, and not under impeachment by the House of Representatives of the United States at the time the powers and duties of the office shall devolve upon them respectively. SEC. 3. That sections one hundred and forty-six, one hundred and forty-seven, one hundred and forty-eight, one hundred and forty-nine, and one hundred and fifty of the Revised Statutes are hereby repealed. Approved, January 19, 1886. 13. Call for a Republican National Convention (1924) The Republican National Committee met in Washington, D. C., December 12, 1923, to make formal arrangements for the convention to be held six months later. After having accepted the invitation of Cleveland, Ohio, to meet there, the Committee issued the formal call for the election of delegates. The call for the national convention is, first of all, a signal for the opening of the presidential primary campaigns. Political fence-building and wire-pulling have usually been in progress for several months, but the embers of ambition which heretofore have been kept carefully covered now suddenly burst into full blaze. One after another, aspirants for the presidential nomination of the party openly declare themselves contestants, and the presidential campaign starts in earnest. But the call for the convention is more than the starting pistol of the presidential race; it frequently determines the conditions under which the race will be run. The number of delegates to be allotted to each state, the rules under which they will be chosen, the method of settling contests for seats, and even the manner by which the temporary roll of the convention is to be made up, may be set forth in the document. The Call for the Republican National Convention of 1924 is unusually important, for it specified a departure from the methods of apportionment laid down by the two preceding conventions and gave the southern states a considerable increase in representation. Although this feature evoked much criticism at the time, no serious attempt was made to have the convention provide a different apportionment for 1928. SOURCE-G. L. Hart (Reporter), Official Report of the Proceedings of the Eighteenth Republican National Convention Held in Cleveland, Ohio, June 10, 11, and 12, 1924 (New York, 1924), 10-15. To the Republican Voters of the United States: In pursuance of the rules adopted by the Republican National Convention of 1920, the Republican National Committee directs that a National Convention of delegated representatives of the Republican Party be held in the City of Cleveland, in the State of Ohio, at eleven o'clock, a.m., on Tuesday, the 10th day of June, 1924, for the purpose of nominating candidates for President and Vice-President, to be voted for at the Presidential Election on Tuesday, November 4, 1924, and for the transaction of such other business as may properly come before it. The voters of the several States and of Alaska, Hawaii, Porto Rico, the Philippine Islands and the District of Columbia who are in accord with the principles of the Republican Party, believe in its declaration of policies, and are in sympathy with its aims and purposes, are cordially invited to unite under this call in the selection of Delegates to said Convention. Said National Convention shall consist of (a) Delegates at Large 1. Four Delegates-at-Large from each State. 2. Two additional Delegates-at-Large for each Representativeat-large in Congress from each State. 3. Two Delegates-at-Large each for Alaska, District of Columbia, Porto Rico, Hawaii, and the Philippine Islands. 4. Three additional Delegates-at-Large from each State casting its electoral vote, or a majority thereof, for the Republican nominee for President in the last preceding Presidential election. (b) District Delegates 1. One District Delegate from each Congressional District. 2. One additional District Delegate from each Congressional District casting 10,000 votes or more for any Republican elector in the last preceding Presidential election or for the Republican nominee for Congress in the last preceding Congressional election. (c) Alternate Delegates Óne Alternate Delegate to each Delegate to the National Convention. DELEGATES SHALL BE ELECTED UNDER THE FOLLOWING RULES: First: Only legal and qualified voters shall participate in a Republican primary, caucus, mass meeting, or mass convention, held for the purpose of selecting delegates to be elected as dele |