to open fire and blew out the brains of a wounded lieutenant,
while his men killed or wounded doctors. Later, 60 or 80
wounded men in a burning barn (which formed part of the
dressing station) were fired at, as they tried to escape, by
sentinels stationed at both doors of the barn, and those who
did manage to get out were overtaken by the Germans and
shot at the foot of the cemetery wall

The Report speaks of an "immense number" of such cases

An Austrian officer threw a wounded Italian down a precipice.. April 1, 1916 Monte Colombara. Extract from Army Order:

Austrian officer.

Catellani's Report, p. 52.

"Enemy cars belonging to the Medical Corps have hitherto been allowed to work within range of our guns. In future warning shots will be fired by our artillery or machine guns, and if no notice is taken, they will be fired on"

Oct.

5, 1915

Italian front.

Austrian military authorities

Catellani's Report, p. 54.

Especially at time of Austrian first offensive; Serbian wounded massacred in the most savage manner, with bayonets, knives, butt of rifles; wounded mutilated; some impaled Similar conduct. Massacred also whole groups of wounded, by 1915. fastening them together. 114 wounded thus treated

1914.

German General Head- 3rd Report of French Commission of quarters

9th Report of French Commission of Enquiry, No. 258.

ITALY

BELGIUM

Dinant..

Imprisonment of British soldiers under conditions of gross inhumanity. Confined in grossly overcrowded cells (sometimes underground), without sanitary accommodation of any kind, except a tub in the cell, which overflowed on to the floor where the men slept. Badly ventilated. Vermin abounded. Had starvation rations, and water was refused. In the summertime the heat was so great that the men had to strip naked. Were ill-treated and became diseased and enfeebled. Dysentery and sores were rife. The treatment was deliberate. Five hundred British prisoners of war sent to a camp on the Russian Front, where they were detained under conditions that involved many deaths and terrible suffering. Terrible circumstances, in which they made a midwinter march to Latchen, up the frozen River Aa from Libau. Fearful conditions of exposure from Arctic cold and the fire of the enemy. At Latchen, subjected to brutality and want, resulting in much loss of life and permanent disablement. At the end of April only 77 men were left in the camp, of whom 47 were unfit The Turkish authority who ordered the march of British prisoners of war was cognisant of the sufferings it involved, and was informed of the great sufferings that were being endured. Deaths resulted. Inhuman treatment in the working camps. Inhuman reprisals on British officers at Constantinople. Înhuman treatment of British officers and others at Constantinople. Inhumanity to British officers at Changri in order to compel them to give their parole

Turkish authorities (names available)

66

130356-19-PT 7-10

When advancing towards our lines, the Germans placed about 40 disarmed prisoners (Marine Rifles) in front of them, so as to prevent the French troops from firing

On being surrounded by the Germans, about 30 men of the 99th Aug. 29, 1914. Tiges Farm, near St. Dié. Infantry Regiment surrendered to an enemy lieutenant, who made them lay down their arms, step out and line up against a wall. Despite their entreaties, they were shot by a firing squad

Inhuman treatment of interned prisoners. Deprived of their belongings under threat of being shot. Hard labour; frequently beaten; forced to run the gauntlet; constant insults

Refused to allow neutral official visits to prisoners' camps.. 250 Roumanian officers completely deprived of their belongings and horribly tortured Roumanian officers deprived for five days of food and water for refusing to take part in the construction of earthworks

German lieutenant.

3rd Report of French Commission of Enquiry, Nos. 9-14.

3rd Report of French Commission of Enquiry, Nos. 116-121.

From 1914

Aug.

Various places, notably at camp of Hanover-Linden

German authorities Report of Government Commission. (names known)

Unspecified..
Oct. 18-19,
Unspecified.. Oustovo, Vlaikovo, Raikovo Bulgarian authorities.

1916

Massacre, torture, mutilation, including wounded prisoners; 1915. robbed first

150 to 200 prisoners massacred on way to military hospital; knives and bayonets used; robbed first

1915.

p. 5.

Kaimaktchalan.

1916.

66

1916.

p. 5.

1915.

Mitrovitza-Kralievo.

p. 51.

dead on the way from exhaustion. Barbarous punishments inflicted on them

Austrian

and

German Reports of Dr. Reiss.

military authorities

Compelled to do work directly connected with military operations, e. g., to dig trenches, to carry munitions under enemy

Immediate employment of French soldiers, who had just been made prisoners and disarmed, to construct trenches under fire

ITALY

Employment of prisoners on military works on the French front.

1917-1918. Employment of prisoners on the Russian front, even under fire, 1917-1918.. in munition works

After the white flag had been hoisted on an Austrian redoubt, a June 15, 1915..
rapid and heavy fire from machine-guns was opened on an
Italian alpine detachment which was advancing towards the
redoubt

The same stratagem was made use of at another point, in order June 16, 1915.. to lure the Italians on to a mined area

Wells were frequently polluted by deliberately throwing corpses or manure into them

p. 30.

9th Report of French Commission of Enquiry, Nos. 191, 227, 238, 244, &c.

359

359