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to be cleansed all the rooms, passages, stairs, floors, windows, doors, walls, ceilings, privies, water-closets, cesspools, drains, halls, cellars, roofs and all other parts of the said dwelling, or part of the dwelling of which he is the owner or in case of a private dwelling the occupant, to the satisfaction of the health officer or such other appropriate public official as the mayor may designate, and shall keep the said parts of the said dwelling in a cleanly condition at all times.

SEC. 75. Walls of Courts. In multiple dwellings the walls of all courts, unless built of a light color brick or stone, shall be thoroughly whitewashed by the owner or shall be painted a light color by him, and shall be so maintained. Such whitewash or paint shall be renewed whenever necessary, as may be required by the health officer, or by such other appropriate public official as the mayor may designate.

SEC. 76. Walls and Ceilings of Rooms. In all multiple dwellings the health officer or such other appropriate public official as the mayor may designate, may require the walls and ceilings of every room that does not open directly on the street to be kalsomined white or painted with white paint when necessary to improve the lighting of such room and may require this to be renewed as often as may be necessary.

SEC. 77. Wall Paper. No wall paper shall be placed upon a wall or ceiling of any multiple-dwelling unless all wall paper shall be first removed therefrom and said wall and ceiling thoroughly cleaned.

SEC. 78. Receptacles for Ashes, Garbage and Rubbish. The owner of every dwelling and in the case of a private dwelling the occupant shall provide for said dwelling, keep clean and in place, proper covered receptacles of non-absorbent material for holding garbage, refuse, ashes, rubbish and other waste matter. Garbage chutes are prohibited.

SEC. 79. Prohibited Uses. No horse, cow, calf, swine, sheep, goat, chickens, geese or ducks shall be kept in any dwelling or part thereof. Nor shall any such animal be kept on the same lot or premises with a dwelling except under such conditions as may be prescribed by the health officer. No such animal, except a horse, shall under any circumstances be kept on the same lot or premises with a multiple dwelling. No dwelling or the lot or premises thereof shall be used for the storage or handling of rags or junk.

SEC. 80. Combustible Materials. No dwelling, nor any part thereof, nor of the lot upon which it is situated, shall be used as a place of storage, keeping or handling of any article dangerous or detrimental to life or health; nor of any combustible article, except under such conditions as may be prescribed by the fire commissioner, or the proper official, under authority of a written permit issued by him. No multiple dwelling nor any part thereof, nor of the lot upon which it is situated, shall be used as a place of storage, keeping or handling of feed, hay, straw, cotton, paper stock, feathers or rags.

SEC. 81. Certain Dangerous Businesses. There shall be no transom, window or door opening into a public hall from any part of a multiple-dwelling where paint, oil, drugs or spirituous liquors are stored or kept for the purpose of sale or otherwise. This provision shall not apply to hotels. No bakery and no place of business in which fat is boiled shall be maintained in any multiple-dwelling.

SEC. 82. Janitor or Housekeeper. In any multiple-dwelling in which the owner thereof does not reside, there shall be a janitor, housekeeper or other responsible person who shall reside in said house and have charge of the same, if the health officer or such other appropriate public official as the mayor may designate shall so require.

SEC. 83. Overcrowding. If any room in a dwelling is overcrowded the health officer or such other appropriate public official as the mayor may designate may order the number of persons sleeping or living in said room to be so reduced that there shall be not less than five hundred cubic feet of air to each adult and three hundred cubic feet of air to each child under twelve years of age occupying such room.

SEC. 84. Lodgers Prohibited. The health officer or such other appropriate public official as the mayor may designate may prohibit in any multiple dwelling the letting of lodgings therein by any of the tenants occupying such multiple dwelling, and may prescribe conditions under which lodgers or boarders may be taken in multiple-dwellings. It shall be the duty of the owner in the case of multiple-dwellings to see that the requirements of the health officer or such other appropriate public official as the mayor may designate in this regard are at all times complied with, and a failure to so comply on the part of any tenant, after due and proper notice from said owner or from the health officer or such other appropriate public official as the mayor may designate shall be deemed sufficient cause for the summary eviction of such tenant and the cancellation of his lease. The provisions of this section may be extended to private dwellings and two family dwellings, as may be found necessary by the health officer, or by such other appropriate public official as the mayor may designate.

SEC. 85. Infected and Uninhabitable Dwellings to be Vacated. Whenever it shall be certified by an inspector or officer of the health department that a dwelling is infected with contagious disease or that it is unfit for human habitation, or dangerous to life or health by reason of want of repair, or of defects in the drainage, plumbing, lighting, ventilation, or the construction of the same, or by reason of the existence on the premises of a nuisance likely to cause sickness among the occupants of said dwelling, or for any cause, the health officer or such other appropriate public official as the mayor may designate, may issue an order requiring all persons therein to vacate such house within not less than

twenty-four hours nor more than ten days for the reasons to be mentioned in said order. In case such order is not complied with within the time specified, the health officer or such other appropriate public official as the mayor may designate may cause said dwelling to be vacated. The health officer or such other appropriate public official as the mayor may designate whenever he is satisfied that the danger from said dwelling has ceased to exist, or that it is fit for human habitation may revoke said order or may extend the time within which to comply with the same.

SEC. 86. Repairs to Buildings, etc. Whenever any dwelling or any building, structure, excavation, business pursuit, matter or thing, in or about a dwelling, or the lot on which it is situated, or the plumbing, sewerage, drainage, light or ventilation thereof, is in the opinion of the health officer or such other appropriate public official as the mayor may designate in a condition or in effect dangerous or detrimental to life or health, the health officer or such other appropriate public official as the mayor may designate may declare that the same to the extent he may specify is a public nuisance, and may order the same to be removed, abated, suspended, altered or otherwise improved or purified as the order shall specify.

SEC. 87. Fire Escapes. The owner of every multiple-dwelling on which there are fire-escapes shall keep them in good order and repair, and whenever rusty shall have them properly painted with two coats of paint. No person shall at any time place any incumbrance of any kind before or upon any such fire-escape.

SEC. 88. Scuttles, Bulkheads, Ladders and Stairs. In all multiple dwellings where there are scuttles or bulkheads, they and all stairs or ladders leading thereto shall be easily accessible to all occupants of the building and shall be kept free from incumbrance and ready for use at all times. No scuttle and no bulkhead door shall at any time be locked with a key, but either may be fastened on the inside by movable bolts or hooks.

ARTICLE V.

Improvements.

SEC. 89. Rooms, Lighting and Ventilation of. No room in a dwelling erected prior to the passage of this act shall hereafter be occupied for living purposes unless it shall have a window of an area of not less than eight square feet opening directly upon the street, or upon a rear yard not less than ten feet deep, or above the roof of an adjoining building, or upon a court or side yard of not less than twenty-five square feet in area open to the sky without roof or skylight, unless such room is located on the top floor and is adequately lighted and

ventilated by a skylight, opening directly to the outer air; except that a room which cannot be made to comply with the above provisions may be occupied if provided with a sash window of not less than fifteen square feet in area, opening into an adjoining room in the same apartment, group or suite of rooms, which latter room either opens directly on the street or on a rear yard of the above dimensions or itself connects by a similar sash window or series of windows with such an outer room. Said sash window shall be a vertically sliding pulley-hung sash not less than three feet by five feet between stop beads, both halves shall be made so as to readily open, and the lower half shall be glazed with translucent glass, and so far as possible it shall be in line with windows in the said outer room opening on the street or rear yard so as to afford a maximum of light and ventilation.

SEC. 90. Public Halls and Stairs, Lighting and Ventilation of. In all multiple-dwellings erected prior to the passage of this act the public halls and stairs shall be provided with as much light and ventilation to the outer air as may be deemed practicable by the health officer or by such other appropriate public official as the mayor may designate, who may order the cutting in of windows and skylights and such other improvements and alterations in said dwellings as in his judgment may be necessary and appropriate to accomplish this result. All new skylights hereafter placed in such dwellings shall be in accordance with section twenty-seven of this act and shall be of such size as may be determined to be practicable by said health officer, or by such other appropriate public official as the mayor may designate.

SEC. 91. Sinks and Water-Closets. In all multiple-dwellings erected prior to the passage of this act the woodwork encasing sinks except sinks in butler's pantries, and waterclosets shall be removed and the space underneath said fixtures shall be left open. The floor and wall surfaces beneath and around the said fixtures shall be put in good order and repair, and if of wood shall be kept well painted with light colored paint. Defective and antiquated water closet fixtures shall be replaced by proper fixtures, as defined by this act.

SEC. 92. Privy Vaults, School-sinks and Water-closets. Whenever a connection with a sewer is possible, all privyvaults, school-sinks, cesspools or other similar receptacles used to receive fecal matter, urine or sewage, shall before July one, nineteen hundred eighteen, with their contents, be completely removed and the place where they were located properly disinfected under the direction of the health officer. Such appliances shall be replaced by individual water-closets of durable non-absorbent material, properly sewer-connected, and with individual traps and properly connected flush tanks providing an ample flush of water to thoroughly cleanse the bowl. Each such water-closet shall be located inside the dwelling or other building in connection with which it is to

be used in a compartment completely separated from every other water-closet, and such compartment shall contain a window of not less than four square feet in area opening directly to the street, or rear yard or on a side yard or court of the minimum sizes prescribed in sections thirteen and fourteen of this act. The floors of the water-closet compartments shall be as provided in section thirty-five of this act. Such water-closets shall be provided in such numbers as required by section sixty-seven of this act. Such water-closets and all plumbing in connection therewith shall be sanitary in every respect and, except as in this act otherwise provided, shall be in accordance with the local ordinances and regulations in relation to plumbing and drainage. Pan plunger and long hopper closets will not be permitted except upon written permit of the health officer, or such other appropriate public official as the mayor may designate. No water-closet shall be placed out of doors.

SEC. 93. Basement and Cellars. The floor of the cellar or lowest floor of every dwelling shall be free from dampness, and, when necessary in the judgment of the health officer or such other appropriate public official as the mayor may des ignate, shall be concreted with not less than three inches of concrete of good quality and with a finished surface. The cellar ceiling of every dwelling shall be plastered, when so required by the health officer, or by such other appropriate public official as the mayor may designate.

SEC. 94. Shafts and Courts. In every dwelling where there is a court or shaft of any kind, there shall be at the bottom of every such shaft and court a door giving sufficient access to such shaft or court to enable it to be properly cleaned out: Provided, That where there is already a window. giving proper access it shall be deemed sufficient.

SEC. 95. Egress. Every multiple-dwelling exceeding one story in height shall have at least two independent ways of egress constructed and arranged as provided in section thirtynine of this act. In the case of multiple-dwellings erected prior to the passage of this act where it is not practicable in the judgment of the superintendent of buildings to comply in all respects with the provisions of that section, said superintendent of buildings shall make such requirements as may be appropriate to secure proper means of egress from such multiple-dwellings for all the occupants thereof. No existing fire-escape shall be deemed a sufficient means of egress unless the following conditions are complied with:

(1) All parts of it shall be of iron, cement or stone.

(2) The fire escape shall consist of outside balconies which shall be properly connected with each other by adequate stairs or stationary ladders, with openings not less than twenty-four by twenty-eight inches.

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