ning fight of twenty minutes the Mosquet, hit by shells, sank rapidly. Here the chivalrous conduct of the Emden's captain, which had been many times in evidence throughout her career, was again shown. He stopt, regardless of danger, lowered his boats, and picked up the survivors of the Mosquet before steaming on his way. The English in Penang afterward said of him admiringly that he "played the game." Boats of all descriptions now started toward the place where the Russian cruiser was last seen, the water being covered with dêbris to which survivors were clinging. Their blood-stained and, for the most part, naked bodies, were enough to send shivers through the most cold-blooded observer. Out of a crew of 334 men, 142 were picked up wounded. Only 94 were found practically untouched, while 98 were "missing."

The French torpedo-boats and the D'Iberville, whose help the Jemtchug had had a right to expect, lay at the time in the harbor with fully ten minutes' warning that a hostile ship was approaching, and yet they allowed that ship to enter the harbor, and to turn and make her escape without so much as firing a shot-so reports definitely said. If they had gone into action, the Emden could hardly have escaped. The range was everything they could have wished for. The fact reported in explanation was that, altho it was a time of war, a large percentage of the officers of these ships had been allowed to remain ashore over night and not one of the

THE AUSTRALIAN WARSHIP "SYDNEY" THAT SANK THE "EMDEN" The Sydney shown at her arrival in the Harbor of Colombo, having on board Captain von Müller, and others from the Emden

ships had steam up. Their decks were not even cleared for action. Two or three torpedoes from any one of them would have saved the day, but none was fired.

When the Emden first arrived off the Cocos Islands the wireless operator there had sent out the "S O S" call, and it was caught by the Australian cruiser Sydney, which soon arrived and engaged the Emden. The Sydney was a larger, faster and more modern vessel. With her 6-inch guns she was able to hit the Emden and keep out of range of her 4-inch guns. The Emden soon lost one of her masts and two of her funnels, and steering to shore grounded and was burned. The twenty-five or thirty British vessels captured by the Emden were valued, apart from their cargoes, at over $10,000,000.

This ended one of the most exciting adventure-cruises that war-history can supply. Violence and disaster had followed in the Emden's wake nearly every day of the three months of her war career, but in the code of war, there had been no cruelty, no treachery, nor any stain upon the honor of the ship, crew, or commander. Even the British press said Müller had made for himself and his vessel a name which any of his fellow wearers of the Iron Cross might envy. While the English rejoiced in the destruction of the Emden, no one failed to acknowledge admiration for Müller, or to commend the spirit of fair fighting exhibited in his attacks on British shipping. Müller was a native of Blackenberghe, Belgium, and at one time had been an officer in the employ of the Hansa line of steamers. Fast cruisers had been in search of the Emden for some time, British cruisers being aided by French, Russian, and Japanese vessels. Included in this work were the Australian warships Melbourne and Sydney.

The effect of the sinking of the Emden was better seen in London at Lloyd's perhaps than anywhere else in the world. She had for weeks caused deep and painful anxiety. But a dramatic scene now took place. The business of the day was in full swing, when suddenly above the hum the Lutine 5

The bell of H. M. S. Lutine, which was wrecked, with the loss of all hands, off Vlieland, in the Netherlands, October 9-10, 1799. The bell was recovered in salvage operations and sent to Lloyd's as a memorial.

bell rang out. Only on momentous occasions is this bell Instantly business was now suspended as all turned toward the rostrum, from which it was known that some great news would be made public. An official erier mounted the steps and in the rolling tones for which he was famous, began: "Gentlemen, it is officially announced that the EmdenThat was as far as he was allowed to go. Cheer after cheer went forth. Hats and papers were thrown into the air. Again the Lutine bell was rung-to enjoin silence and at last the message was completed"the Emden has been destroyed." The shipping industry in the Indian Ocean was now relieved of the greater portion of its peril, and underwriters slept more comfortably.

Once located, the Emden had small chance of escape. She had a crew of 361 men, and was completed in 1909. The Sydney, of 5,400 tons and a speed of 241⁄2 knots, was manned by 400 officers and men, and had been launched in 1912. The broadside of the Emden was only 175 pounds; that of the Sydney 500 pounds. Thus the disparity between the ships was almost as great as that between Cradock's squadron and Spee's in the action off the Chilean coast. Captain Müller had received command of the Emden two years before his capture, and after some years of service in the German Admiralty. He had a sense of humor, as was shown when he offered by wireless to the Indian Government to carry the mail from Calcutta to Rangoon, and when again. he rang up one of his first victims to ask if anything had been seen of a German cruiser in the Bay of Bengal, only to be answered by the innocent captain of the vessel that such a thing did not exist. A few minutes later, and shortly before the Emden hove in sight, Müller's wireless rapped out in reply, "Oh, yes, it does; I am it."

More than five months after the destruction of the Emden, that is on April 29, fourteen survivors of the Emden's crew straggled into Damascus. Of thirty who had been sent ashore at Cocos to intercept the wireless, these fourteen were survivors. Standing on shore at Cocos they had seen the Emden fire on the Sydney, had witnessed the chase that followed, and then were compelled to see the Emden take flight while afire, only to go down on the rocks of

another island fifteen miles away. With the Emden gone, these thirty men had no wish to be captured as their companions had been. Within a short time they were able to secrete themselves in a commandeered schooner called the Eyashe. Their numbers were increased by some forty others who managed to escape in small boats after the fight. In all, the survivors numbered seventy-five men and seven officers. The final, and perhaps most thrilling, stage in their wanderings, was their journey home across the desert where they were attacked by Bedouins and all but wiped. out. This adventure was recounted by Dr. Emil Ludwig, a special correspondent sent out to meet them when they should emerge from the desert. The facts were given to Dr. Ludwig by Lieutenant Captain von Mücke, the leader of the little party. Dr. Ludwig's narrative written at Damascus contains the following:

6

"Two months after our arrival at Hodeida we again put to sea. The Turkish Government placed at our disposal two sambuks (sailing ships) of about twenty-five tons, fifteen meters long and four meters wide. In fear of English spies, we sailed from Jebaua, ten miles north of Hodeida, on March 14, and at a considerable distance apart, so that both parties would not be lost if an English gun-boat found us. After adventures in which some of the men perished, others got to the first boat. Now we numbered, together with the Arabs, seventy in all on this little boat. We anchored before Konfida, and met Sami Bey, who was in the service of the Turkish Government and did good service as guide in the next two months. He was an active man, thoroughly familiar with the country. He procured for us a larger boat, of fifty-four tons, and with his wife sailed alongside on the little sambuk. For two days we sailed unmolested to Lith, when Sami Bey announced that three English ships were cruising about to intercept us. I now advised traveling over land, but we could travel only at night. When we slept or camped around a spring, we had only a tent for the sick. After two days' march from Jeddah, the Turkish Government, receiving news about us, sent us sixteen good camels.

"On the night of April 1, I was riding at the head of the column, when all our shooting implements were cleared for action, because danger existed of an attack by Bedouins, whom the English had bribed. When it began to grow a bit dark we were all tired, having Of the Berliner Tageblatt.

been riding eighteen hours. Suddenly I saw a line flash up before me, and shots whizzed over our heads. The whole space around the desert hillock was occupied. We at once formed a fighting-line and rushed upon them with bayonets, whereupon they fled, but returned to the attack again from all sides. Several gendarmes who had been given to us as an escort were wounded; the machine-gun operator fell, killed by a shot through the heart; another was wounded; and Lieutenant Schmidt, in the rear-guard, was mortally wounded with bullets in his chest and abdomen.

"Suddenly the Bedouins waved white cloths, and the wife of the Sheik, to whom a part of our camels belonged, went over to negotiate with them. We quickly built a sort of wagon barricade, a circular camp of camel saddles, rice and coffee sacks, all of which we filled with sand. As we had no shovels, we had to dig with bayonets, plates and hands. The whole barricade had a diameter of about fifty meters. Behind it we dug trenches. As the camels inside had to lie down, they served very well as cover for the rear of the trenches. An inner wall was constructed, behind which we carried the sick. In the very center we buried two jars of water, to guard against thirst. In addition, we had ten petroleum cans full of water. All told there was a supply of water for four days. Late in the evening the wife came back after futile negotiations. She unveiled for the first and only time on this day of the skirmish, distributed cartridges, and conducted herself faultlessly. The number of the enemy was about 300, while we numbered fifty, with twenty-nine guns. We had to dig with our hands and bayonets a grave for one of our men, and to eliminate every trace above it in order to protect the body. Another companion was buried immediately after the skirmish. Both were buried silently, with all honors.

"The wounded had a hard time, as we had lost our medicine-chest in the wreck and had only little packages of bandages; but no probing instruments, no scissors. On the next day our men came up with thick tongues, feverish and crying 'Water! Water! Each received a little cupful three times a day. Had our water supply been exhausted we would have had to sally forth from camp and fight our way through. Arabs simply cut the throats of camels that had been wounded, and then drank the yellow water contained in their stomachs. Those fellows could stand anything. At night we dragged out dead camels that had served as cover and been shot. Hyenas then came, hunting for dead camels. I shot one of them, taking it for an enemy.

"On the third day there were new negotiations. The Bedouins demanded arms no longer, but only money. The negotiations took place across the camp wall. When I declined, the Bedouin said: