of a few thousand Dutch and several hundred thousand Chinese who have come here to trade.

The Dutch manage Java through the natives. The chief officials, including the governor general who rules all the Dutch islands of this part of the world, are Dutch appointed by the queen of Holland. The smaller offices are held

by natives, who have Dutch officials whom they call their elder brothers, to advise them and tell them just what they must do. There are twenty-two residences or states in Java, each of which has a native governor, with one of these elder brothers to direct him. The elder brother will not permit the natives to be ill treated, and at the same time he sees that they pay the taxes necessary There are many

for the support of the government. native under officials, who are also helped by clerks from Holland, so that in reality the whole country is managed by the Hollanders, although the natives apparently govern. This is so not only in Java, but in most of the Dutch East Indies. The Dutch have a large army to enforce their orders, but they do not oppress the natives, and are doing all they can to better their condition.

We take the train at Batavia, and in a short time reach Buitenzorg (boi'ten-zorg), where the governor general lives. We are received at the palace and are shown through the grounds about it, including the botanical garden, said to be the finest of the whole world. The governor general has a salary larger than that of our President. He lives in great state, and he often has soldiers with him when he goes about the country.

The Dutch think it necessary to impress upon the natives that they are very rich and powerful and worthy of being their rulers. They insist on the natives paying them and all Europeans proper respect, and in some parts of Java we shall see men, women, and children squatting down on the road as we pass, and holding up their hands toward us as though they were saying their prayers. This was the way the lower classes treated their superiors when the Dutch first came, and it is thus they treat the nobles among the natives to-day. No native is permitted to smoke in the presence of an official, and he must never come before one with his head uncovered. He must use a certain humble language when speaking to his superiors, and the superior has also a special languagé for servants.

L

EAVING Buitenzorg we cross Java by railroad, stopping in the various provinces, visiting the cities, and taking long drives from place to place throughout the country. The roads are excellent, there are good hotels in the towns, and we have no trouble in making our way.

Now we are entertained at one of the large plantations owned by the Dutch, and now we stop at a native village and study the people as they live in their homes.

The country is much like the Philippines, and the people are in some respects the same. They live in villages shaded with palms and other great trees. They have

gardens and flowers, and many own small tracts of cultivated land. They labor in gangs and walk long distances to their work. We see them marching out in single and double file in the morning and back in the evening. They are sometimes paid a share of the crop.

The native houses are huts often made of woven bamboo thatched with palm leaves. The walls are just like basket work, made in great sheets which are so thin that they can be bent like the cover of a wagon. They

are thus carried from one place to another, and we sometimes see a wall of this kind apparently moving along upon legs, the man carrying it being almost concealed within. The walls are tied to a framework of poles, and the floor is often made of bamboo.

The people sleep on low beds or upon the floor. They cook on little stoves of clay so small that they can be easily moved from place to place.

Almost every farmer's house has its rice granary beside it, and its rice mortar, where the women pound the rice out of the hulls as it is needed by the family. Many huts have pigeon cotes on poles beside them, and pigeons are to be seen everywhere.

The richer natives and the nobles have larger houses, some living in buildings of stone or brick like the Dutch. The masses, however, are exceedingly poor. They are

content with an amount equal to a few of our cents a day, and live from hand to mouth.

How queerly they dress!

A very little cloth makes
The ordinary woman's

a costume for a man or woman. dress is the sarong, a strip of bright-colored cotton, which is bound tightly about the waist, and in the case of the woman falls to the feet. Above this is another piece of cotton wrapped tightly around the body under the arms, leaving the shoulders bare; and sometimes also a sack. The sarong is often so long that it forms the only article

Javanese family.

of dress, being wound around the body under the arms and falling to the feet. Very few of the native women wear shoes and many of them go bareheaded.

The Javanese man has a waistcloth much like the woman's, although he he tucks tucks it under his legs and into the belt at the back. He frequently wears a jacket, and on his head a turban not unlike those of our Moros.

How small the people are! The men are not much over five feet high, and the women still smaller. They are Malays, having yellow or light brown skins, high cheek bones, and eyes a trifle aslant. Their lips are thicker than