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devised: no reverter was left in him. Both the grandsons took by purchase, the only way in which they could take; an estate for life being limited to the father, with remainder to them in fee. But no purchaser can maintain an action in which he must count on a seisin in the ancestor; for a seisin in the ancestor means only a seisin in the person from whom there is a descent. Neither can the demandant, in the present instance, maintain his action, not being able to shew an actual seisin in the devisee under whom he claims.

Per Curiam. In order to maintain a writ of right, the demandant must shew an actual seisin either in himself or his ancestor, by taking the esplees. The present case has neither of these requisites. The demandant does not state that either he or John the grandson, under whom he claims, were ever so seised.

Judgment arrested.

1788.

DALLY

against KING.

BEAVAN against DELAHAY and LEWIS.

REPLEVIN-for taking corn on the 20th of September A custom

that a tenant

may leave

his awaygoing crop in the barn

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farm, for a

after the

lease is expired,

1784, at Peterchurch in the county of Hereford. Avowry and cognizance-Locus in quo part of certain lands, &c. of which the avowant Delahay was seised in fee, and which he demised on the 2d of February 1780, to one William Beavan for one year, and so from year to year as long as both parties certain time should please, at the rent of 1681. payable half yearly. William Beavan entered on the 3d of February 1780, and continued in possession till the 2d of February 1784, when the demise ended. Within the parish of Peterchurch an ancient custom, That tenant and farmer of any lands, under any demise, from year the landlord to year, at the will of the parties, shall have to his own use, and reap at seasonable and proper times, his away-going crop, that left, for rent

(a) [The custom as to an away-going crop may be controlled by the agreement of the parties, Boraston v. Green, 16 East, 71. And where by such agreement a right is reserved to the tenants to take the crop, it is a prolongation of the term as to the land on which it grows, and the possession of the land continues in the tenant until it

every

is taken. Per Bayley, J., ibid.
p. 81.
See also Beaty v. Gibbons, 16 East,
116, and Earl of St. Germains v.
Willan, 2 B. and C. 216. The Sta-
tute, 8 Anne, c. 14. s. 6 and 7, is
not confined to cases of a tortious
holding over, or to a holding of the
whole. Nuttall v. Staunton, 4 B. and
C. 51.]

he has

quitted the

premises, is good, and

may distrain the corn so

arrear, after six months have expired from the determination of the term: [notwithstanding the

statute 8

Anne, c. 14, s. 6, 7.] (a)

BEAVAN against DELAHAY

other.

1788. is, all the corn growing upon the said lands, which, before the expiration of such term, hath been sown by such tenant and farmer upon any part of such lands, being arable land, not exand An- ceeding one third part of the arable lands so held under such demise, and which hath been left standing and growing upon such lands at the expiration of such term; and also deposit such away-going crop, when reaped, in the barns and out-houses, if any such there be, parcel of such demised premises convenient in that behalf, and thresh the same there, and keep the same in the [6] grain there then arising, in such barns and out-houses, until the first day of May next after the reaping of such corn. On the 1st of August 1784, William Beavan the tenant reaped his awaygoing crop, and placed and deposited the same in the said places in which, &c. being the barns and out-houses parcel of the said demised premises, and kept it there till the said time when, &c. which was before the 1st of May next after the reaping of the same, under the custom-rent arrear, distress, &c.

Plea in bar-protesting, no such custom, confesses that the demise ended on the 2d of February 1784, but says that the said goods and chattels were taken and distrained after the expiration of six calendar months next after the end and determination of the said demise, &c.

To this there was a general demurrer.

Lawrence, Serjt., in support of the demurrer, argued that although the distress was taken after six months had elapsed from the determination of the demise, yet the landlord had a good right to distrain. The case in Keilway 96. a. is an express authority in point.-The tenant had an interest in the premises upon which the distress was so taken, by the custom of the country. By the Feudal Law, non-payment of rent, and non-performance of services occasioned a forfeiture of the feud. But in process of time, the remedy by distress was substituted in lieu of forfeiture. (Gilb. Law of Replevin, p. 3.) Wherever therefore a forfeiture might be incurred, there a distress might be taken. In the present case the tenant might have forfeited by several means the interest which the custom gave him, and being so liable to forfeiture he was also liable to distress. In 1 Rol. Abr. 670. pl. 10. it is laid down, that the landlord cannot distrain after the end of the term, because there is no privity of estate between him and the tenant, but this admits, that where there is such privity, a distress may be taken; and

1788.

BEAVAN against DELAHAY

and An

other.

in the case before the court there is such privity by the operation of the custom. In the case of Stanfill v. Hicks, 1 Ld. Raym. 280. it was determined, that there could be no distress, where the tenant had different interests in the estate, which implies, that where the interests of the tenant are the same, the landlord has a right to distrain; here, there is a continuation of the same interest, the custom of the country extending the term till the day specified. That such a custom is good appears from Wiglesworth v. Dallison, Dougl. 201, and the case of Lewis v. Harris, tried before Chief Baron Skynner, at Hereford Summer [7] assizes 1778 (a).

Kerby, Serjt., contended that the avowry was inconsistent, as it states the term to have ended on the 2d February 1784, and that until that time the tenant continued in possession; and sets up a custom that he should keep possession of the barns, &c. for putting in his corn till the first of May, after the reaping of the corn.-By the statute 8 Anne, c. 14. s. 6. a power is given to landlords, which they had not at common law, to dis

(a) Lewis v. Harris, Summer Assizes at Hereford, before Chief Baron Skynner, 1778.

Trover for a quantity of wheat-Plaintiff proved the taking and conversion-Defendant justified under a distress for rent. The distress was made in March, the Term having ended the Candlemas twelve-month before; but it was during the time the wheat was in a barn, part of the demised premises, and also during the time allowed by the custom of the country to the off-going tenant to get in and dispose of his off-going crop.

Kenyon, for the defendant, insisted, that the tenant's right to these advantages was a continuance of his term in that part of the lands to which it extended, and was, as it were, an excrescence of his term. Therefore the distress was during the term, though more than six months after it had expired in the rest of the farm.

Bearcroft insisted, for the Plaintiff, that it was bad by common law, and not within the statute 8 Anne, c. 14. s. 7.

Chief Baron SKYNNER.-The question is new to me; I must resort to the reason of the thing. The tenant entered originally on part only, and could not have the benefit of the residue. During his right to continue he was immediate tenant, and could have maintained trespass while his customary right continued. ("He offered Bearcroft a case for the opinion of the Court, "but the matter being of small value, it was, with Kenyon's consent, reserved " for his further consideration, and the Plaintiff had a verdict subject to " his opinion.")

He afterwards continued of the same opinion, and a nonsuit was entered.

1788.

BEAVAN

against DELAHAY

and An

other.

[8]

train after the expiration of the term granted, but it is expressly limited by the 7th section, to the period of six months after such expiration. In the present case it appears by the avowant's own statement, that the distress was taken contrary to the statute, being long after six months had expired subsequent to the determination of the demise.

The case in Keilway ought to have little or no weight, as it has been contradicted by the legislature in the 8th of Anne, and as it appears to have been against the opinion of two judges of the court in which it was decided. It is also an anonymous case, and does not shew upon what occasion it came before the

court.

The case of Wiglesworth v. Dallison proves only the goodness of a custom to take away an off-going crop after the expiration of the term; it does not establish a right to distrain six months after the term has expired, against the express authority of an act of parliament, nor does it authorize a tenant to keep possession of a barn, &c. after the expiration.

The case of Lewis v. Harris was trover by the tenant against the landlord, in which the tenant claimed to hold the premises beyond the term, who ought therefore to submit to all the powers which a landlord has over a tenant. There the Chief Baron went into the equity of the case, saying, that as the tenant did not come into possession of part of the premises, till after the commencement of the term, it was but just that he should continue, after it ended. At best that was a mere nisi prius decision, which appears to have been acquiesced in, because the value of the corn was too small to hazard any further expence. The case of Stanfill v. Hickes is strongly in favour of the present Plaintiff, which lays it down, that where the tenant has two interests in the premises, no distress can be taken. Here the tenant had two different interests, one arising from the demise, and the other from the custom, supposing the custom to be good.

Lawrence in reply-The term was continued by the custom of the country till the 1st of May after the harvest; and if it continued for one purpose, it must also continue for every other. As the tenant might hold possession of the barn, &c. so all the rights of the landlord attached upon him, and with those rights, that of distress.

The Court took a few days to consider, after which

Lord

1788.

BEAVAN against

and An

other.

Lord LOUGHBOROUGH delivered their opinion as follows.A few short principles are sufficient to determine the present case. If by tacit consent of the landlord and tenant, the contract between them continues beyond the time for which they DELAHAY originally contracted, all the rights and properties belonging to the original contract, must also be continued. It has been often determined, that if there be a lease, and after the determination of it the tenant holds over, he must hold upon the terms, and liable to all the conditions and covenants of the lease. The rights therefore of the landlord must in such case continue. Now it is not material whether the interest and connection between the landlord and tenant be extended, by such holding over, or by the operation of a custom like the present.

I have seen Sir John Skynner, and consulted him on the case of Lewis v. Harris, which I find was correctly stated at the bar. On that case he took the opinions of all his brethren of the Exchequer, who agreed with him in his decision, which was [9] acquiesced in, and never afterwards called in question.

Judgment for the Defendants.

THOROLD against FISHER.

Though the

rule to bring

in the body has expired,

yet if the de

fendant jusfore plaintiff moves for an

tifies bail be

attachment

against the

THE
HE rule to bring in the body expired on Saturday the 19th
of April, on Monday the 21st, Defendant's bail were justi-
fied ;-On the same day Runnington, Serjt., moved for and ob-
tained an attachment against the Sheriff for not bringing in the
body.-On a subsequent day Bond, Serjt., obtained a rule to
shew cause why the attachment should not be set aside with
costs.-Runnington now shewed cause, contending that by the
known practice of both this Court and the King's Bench, as
soon as the rule for bringing in the body expired, immediately
the Sheriff was in contempt and fixed, and that the Defendant (a).
could not afterwards put in bail without special leave from the
court. To this Bond answered, that the bail were justified
before the attachment was moved for, which was therefore irre-
gular. The Court referred to the prothonotary as to the

(a) [So where an attachment has been moved for, and afterwards, on the same day, bail are justified, the attachment will be set aside. Turner v. Bristow, 2 Bos, & Pul. 38. But the

prac

Plaintiff in such case is entitled to the
costs of moving for the attachment.
Ibid. Jarret v. Creasy, 3 Bos. & Pul.
603, and see R. v. Sheriff of Middle-
sex, 2 M. & S. 562.]

Sheriff it is

in time to

prevent the

attachment

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