lative assembly of each territory consists of a council and house of representatives. Laws passed by the legislative assembly are subject to the approval of Congress. The governor of each territory is appointed by the President of the United States, with the advice and consent of the Senate. Each territory is allowed a delegate to the house of representatives of the United States, and is entitled to speak on all subjects in which the territory is interested, but not to vote.

As in the general government so in all the state governments, every act must pass both houses of the legislature before it can become a law.

The governors of the states have a limited veto on the state Acts, similar to the President's veto on the Acts of Congress.

The state laws can operate only in the state which passes them. If the legislature of a state enacts a law contrary to the constitution of the same state, such law would be null and void.

The time for which state senators are chosen varies, in different states, from 1 to 6 years. In seven of the states the state senators are chosen for

What is said in regard to legislative assembly?

To what are the laws passed by the territories subject?

Must every act of a state legislature pass both houses before it can become a law?

Have the governors any veto?

Where can a state law operate?

What if the legislature of a state passes a law contrary to the con

stitution of the state?

In how many states are state senators chosen for only one year?
In how many for two? For three?

only 1 year; in six of the states for 2 years; in two of the states for 3 years; in fifteen of the states for 4 years.

The time for which members of the house of representatives hold their office is not the same in all the states. In twelve states they hold their office for 1 year; in eighteen states for 2 years.

Therefore, throughout all the states there is a frequent change of legislators, or an opportunity to change them. If any law is passed by a legislative body, contrary to the wishes of the people, and the same legislature which passed it refuses to repeal it, the people at the next election can elect persons who will repeal it. In this way, insurrections and rebellions against the laws are in a great measure prevented. For the people always have a peaceable remedy for existing evils at the ballot-box.

In how many states do members of the house of representatives of the state hold their office for only one year?

In how many for two years?

What advantage is there in frequent elections?

JUDICIARY.

The next department of the state governments is the judicial department.

It is composed of the judges of the several state courts. To them is intrusted the power of judging of the state laws.

The judges of the several states are appointed in different ways, and hold their offices for different periods.

In New York the judges and justices of the peace are elected by the people, the state being divided into eight districts. The judges are so classified, that every two years one in each district shall leave office, and a new judge be elected to serve for eight years. In Georgia, the judges of the inferior courts are elected by the people every 4 years.

In Mississippi, the judges of the higher courts are chosen by electors for 6 years, and judges of inferior courts for 4 years.

Of what is the judiciary of a state composed?

What is intrusted to them?

Are all the judges in the state courts appointed in the same manner?

Do they hold their office for the same length of time?

In New York, in what way, and for how long are the justices

and judges appointed?

How often does an election take place?

In Georgia, how are the judges selected?

In Mississippi how, and for how long, are the judges chosen?

In Tennessee, the judges of the supreme court are elected by the qualified voters of the state at large for 8 years, and judges of the other courts for 6 years.

In Ohio the judges of the supreme court, and court of common pleas, are elected by the people for 5 years.

In Michigan the judges of the supreme court are elected for 8 years by the people.

In Indiana the judges of the supreme court are elected by the people for 6 years. The number of the circuits is determined by the assembly, but the judges are elected by the people for 6 years.

In Illinois the judges of the supreme court are elected by the people for 9 years.

In Missouri the judges of the supreme and circuit courts are elected by the people for 6 years.

In Virginia the judges are elected by the people-those of the supreme court for 12, and of the circuit courts for 8 years.

In North Carolina the judges of the higher courts are appointed by joint vote of both houses of the legislature, and hold their office during good behavior.

How, and for how long in Tennessee?

In Ohio, how, and for how long are judges chosen?

In Michigan? In Indiana, how, and for how long are the judges of the supreme court appointed?

How, and for how long the judges of circuit courts?

In Illinois, in what way, and for how long are the judges elected?
In Missouri? In Virginia? In North Carolina?

In Pennsylvania the judges are elected by the votes of the people at large. The judges of the supreme court hold their office for 15 years, if they so long behave themselves well, and president judges of the courts of common pleas for 10 years, on the same condition.

Thus, we see that the judges in the several states are some of them elected by the direct vote of the people, some by the legislature of the state, and some are appointed by the governor, with the approval of the senate. Each mode has its advantages and disadvantages. The peculiar institutions of one state may lead them to adopt one mode, while the peculiarities of another state induce the people to adopt a different method.

The time for which the judges hold their office is equally various as we have seen, it being in some states 4 years, in others, 7, 8, 12 and 15 years, in some till 60, 65 and 70 years of age, in others, during good behavior.

In most of the states, the highest court in the state is called the supreme court.

In New Hampshire and Delaware, the highest court is called the superior court. In Maryland, Vir

In Pennsylvania, how are the judges appointed?

How long do the judges of the supreme court hold their office? How long the president judges of the courts of common pleas? What then are the different ways in which the judges of state courts are appointed?

What are the different periods for which they hold their office?

Are the highest courts in each state called by the same name?