Two Representatives of each of the following States: The United States of America, France, Italy, and Japan;

One Representative of Great Britain and one of each of the British Dominions and of India;

One Representative of each of the other contracting States.

Each of the five States first-named (Great Britain, the British Dominions and India counting for this purpose as one State) shall have the least whole number of votes which, when multiplied by five, will give a product exceeding by at least one vote the total number of the votes of all the other contracting States."

13

12

All the States other than the five first named shall each have one vote. The International Commission for Air Navigation shall determine the rules of its own procedure and the place of its permanent seat but it shall be free to meet in such places as it may deem convenient. Its first meeting shall take place at Paris.1 This meeting shall be convened by the French Government, as soon as a majority of the signatory States shall have notified to it their ratification of the present Convention.

14

The duties of this Commission shall be:

(a.) To receive proposals from or to make proposals to any of the contracting States for the modification or amendment of the provisions of the present Convention, and to notify changes adopted;

(b.) To carry out the duties imposed upon it by the present Article and by Articles 9, 13, 14, 15, 16, 27, 28, 36, and 37 of the present Convention;

(c.) To amend the provisions of the Annexes A-G;

15

(d.) To collect and communicate to the contracting States information of every kind concerning international air navigation;

16

(e.) To collect and communicate to the contracting States all information relating to wireless telegraphy, meteorology and medical science which may be of interest to air navigation;

(f.) To ensure the publication of maps for air navigation in accordance with the provisions of Annex F;

17

(g.) To give its opinion on questions which the States may submit for examination;

18

Any modification of the provisions of any one of the Annexes may be made by the International Commission for Air Navigation when such modification shall have been approved by three fourths of the total possible votes which could be cast if all the States were represented and shall become effective from the time when it shall have been notified by the International Commission for Air Navigation to all the contracting States.

19

Any proposed modification of the Articles of the present Convention shall be examined by the International Commission for Air Navigation, whether it originates with one of the contracting States or with the Commission itself. No such modification shall be proposed for adoption by the contracting States, unless it shall have been approved by at least two-thirds of the total possible votes.

All such modifications of the Articles of the Convention (but not of the provisions of the Annexes) must be formally adopted by the contracting States before they become effective.

13 Resolution No. 55 (0. B. 2, p. 38); Resolution No. 87 (0. B. 4, p. 16); text of the protocol concerning an amendment to article 34 (0. B. 8, p. 89). Ratification of this protocol: Belgium (0. B. 5, p. 5): Italy (0. B. 7. p. 5): British Empire (0. B. 7, p. 6); France (0. B. 8, p. 6); Greece (O. B. 8, p. 7). Entry into force of this protocol: This protocol will come into force as soon as Japan, Persia. Portugal, the Kingdom of the Serbs. Croats and Slovenes, and Siam shall have deposited their ratifications. Adhesion to this protocol Bulgaria (O. B. 6, p. 8); Czechoslovakia (O. B. 8. n. 7).

13 Administration of the commission (0. B. 5. p. 31). Subcommissions: Resolution No. 168 (0. B. 6, p. 48); Resolutions Nos. 3 and 4 (0. B. 1. p. 13); Resolutions Nos. 26 and 27 (0. B. 2. p. 25) Resolution No. 59 (0. B. 3, p. 13); Resolution No. 108 (0. B. 5, p. 14): Resolution No. 142 (0. B. 6, p. 25) Resolution No. 237 (0. B. 8. p. 37).

14 Resolution No. 24 (0. B. 1. p. 25): Resolution No. 57 (0. B. 2. p. 39): Resolution No. 82 (0. B. 3, p. 33): Resolution No. 106 (O. B. 4, p. 33) Resolution No. 133 (0. B. 5, p. 33); Resolution No. 172 (0. B. 6, p. 50); Resolution No. 212 (O. B. 7, p. 44); Resolution No. 242 (O. B. 8. p. 40).

15 Resolution No. 17 (0. B 1. p. 21); Resolution No. 76 (O. B. 4, p. 30).

16 Resolution No. 11 (0. B. 1, p. 18); Resolution No. 174 (0. B. 7, p. 16).

17 Resolution No. 12 (0. B. 1. p. 18).

18 Resolution No. 130 (0. B. 5, p. 29).

19 See the text of this paragraph in the Protocol concerning an amendment to Article 34 (0. B. 8, p. 89) and Note No. 2 relating to paragraph 4 ante of article 34.

The expenses of organisation and operation of the International Commission for Air Navigation shall be borne by the contracting States in proportion to the number of votes at their disposal.20

The expenses occasioned by the sending of technical delegations will be borne by their respective States.

CHAPTER IX. FINAL PROVISIONS

ART. 35. The High Contracting Parties undertake as far as they are respectively concerned to co-operate as far as possible in international measures concerning: (a.) The collection and dissemination of statistical, current, and special meteorological information, in accordance with the provisions of Annex G;

(b.) The publication of standard aeronautical maps, and the establishment of a uniform system of ground marks for flying, in accordance with the provisions of Annex F;

(c.) The use of wireless telegraphy in air navigation, the establishment of the necessary wireless stations, and the observance of international wireless regulations.21

ART. 36. General provisions relative to customs in connection with international air navigation are the subject of a special agreement contained in Annex H to the present Convention.

Nothing in the present Convention shall be construed as preventing the contracting States from concluding, in conformity with its principles, special protocols as between State and State in respect of customs, police, posts and other matters of common interest in connection with air navigation. Any such protocols shall be at once notified to the International Commission for Air Navigation which shall communicate this information to the other contracting States. ART. 37. In the case of a disagreement between two or more States relating to the interpretation of the present Convention, the question in dispute shall be determined by the Permanent Court of International Justice to be established by the League of Nations, and until its establishment by arbitration.

If the parties do not agree on the choice of the arbitrators, they shall proceed as follows:

Each of the parties shall name an arbitrator, and the arbitrators shall meet to name an umpire. If the arbitrators cannot agree, the parties shall each name a third State, and the third States so named shall proceed to designate the umpire, by agreement or by each proposing a name and then determining the choice by lot.

Disagreement relating to the technical regulations annexed to the present Convention, shall be settled by the decision of the International Commission for Air Navigation by a majority of votes.22

In case the difference involves the question whether the interpretation of the Convention or that of a regulation is concerned, final decision shall be made by arbitration as provided in the first paragraph of this Article.

ART. 38. In case of war, the provisions of the present Convention shall not affect the freedom of action of the contracting States either as belligerents or as neutrals.

ART. 39. The provisions of the present Convention are completed by the Annexes A to H which, subject to Article 34 (c), shall have the same effect and shall come into force at the same time as the Convention itself.

ART. 40. The British Dominions and India shall be deemed to be States for the purposes of the present Convention.

The territories and nationals of Protectorates or of territories administered in the name of the League of Nations, shall, for the purposes of the present

20 Budget for the years 1922 and 1923: Resolution No. 5 (0. B. 1, p. 13). Accounts for 1922: Resolution No. 85 (0. B. 4. p. 14). Accounts for 1923: Resolution No. 181 (0. B. 7, p. 25). Budget for 1924: Resolution No. 86 (0. B. 4. p. 15). Budget for 1925: Resolution No. 141 (0. B. 6, p. 24). Budget for 1926: Resolution No. 220 (O. B. 8, p. 26). See the text of this paragraph in the Protocol concerning an amendment to article 34 (0. B. 8, p. 00) and note No. 2 relating to paragraph 4 ante of Article 34.

21 Resolution No. 167 (0. B. 6, p. 48).

22 The procedure to be followed for carrying out the terms of this paragraph was the subject of Resolution No. 50 (0. B. 2, pp. 35 and 36) of the I. C. A. N. which is operative, as regards the contracting States, in like manner as the annexes of the Convention and is in force as from 10th August, 1923.

Convention, be assimilated to the territory and nationals of the Protecting or Mandatory States.

ART. 41. States which have not taken part in the war of 1914-1919 shall be permitted to adhere to the present Convention.

This adhesion shall be notified through the diplomatic channel to the Government of the French Republic, and by it to all the signatory or adhering States." ART. 42. A State which took part in the war of 1914-1919 but which is not a signatory of the present Convention, may adhere only if it is a member of the League of Nations or, until January 1, 1923, if its adhesion is approved by the Allied and Associated Powers signatories of the Treaty of Peace concluded with the said State. After January 1, 1923, this adhesion may be admitted if it is agreed to by at least three-fourths of the signatory and adhering States voting under the conditions provided by Article 34 of the present Convention."

Applications for adhesions shall be addressed to the Government of the French Republic, which will communicate them to the other contracting Powers. Unless the State applying is admitted ipso facto as a Member of the League of Nations, the French Government will receive the votes of the said Powers and will announce to the mthe result of the voting.

ART. 43. The present Convention may not be denounced before January 1, 1922. In case of denunciation, notification thereof shall be made to the Government of the French Republic, which shall communicate it to the other contracting Parties. Such denunciation shall not take effect until at least one year after the giving of notice, and shall take effect only with respect to the Power which has given notice.25

The present Convention shall be ratified.

Each Power will address its ratification to the French Government, which will inform the other signatory Powers."

The ratifications will remain deposited in the archives of the French Government.

The present Convention will come into force for each signatory Power, in respect of other Powers which have already ratified, forty days from the date of the deposit of its ratification.

On the coming into force of the present Convention, the French Government will transmit a certified copy to the Powers which under the Treaties of Peace have undertaken to enforce rules of aerial navigation in conformity with those contained in it.

Done at Paris, the thirteenth day of October nineteen hundred and nineteen in a single copy which shall remain deposited in the archives of the French Government, and of which duly authorised copies shall be sent to the contracting States.

The said copy, dated as above, may be signed until the twelfth day of April nineteen hundred and twenty inclusively.

In faith whereof the hereinafter named Plenipotentiaries whose powers have been found in good and due form have signed the present Convention in the French, English and Italian languages, which are equally authentic.

23 Adhesion of Persia: (0. B. 1, p. 5).

24 Resolution No. 78 (0. B. 3, p. 31); Adhesion of Bulgaria: (0. B. 5, p. 3).

25 Denunciation of Bolivia (O. B. 8, p. 3).

20 Ratifications of the Convention: Belgium, Bolivia, British Empire, France, Greece, Portugal, Kingdom of the Serbs, Croats and Slovenes, Siam (0. B. 1, p. 3); Japan (0. B. 1, p. 4); Italy (0. B. 3, p. 3); Czechoslovakia (O. B. 5, p. 3); Rumania (O. B. 6, p. 4); Uruguay (0. B. 7, p. 3); Poland (O. B. 7, p. 3). (See the list of signatures, accessions, ratifications and adhesions in official Bulletin No. 8, p. 43.)

a) The nationality mark shall be represented by a capital letter in Roman characters, e. g.:

France_-.

F

The registration mark shall be represented by a group of four capital letters; each group shall contain at least one vowel, and for this purpose the letter Y shall be considered as a vowel1.

1 Resolution No. 13 (0. B. 1, p. 19); Resolution No. 15 (0. B. 1, p. 20).

The complete group of five letters shall be used as a call sign of the aircraft in making or receiving signals by wireless telegraphy or other methods of communication except by visual signals when the Morse Code is not being used.

An abridged call sign may be used during the course of a communication (the complete call sign being compulsory at the beginning and at the end of the communication).

The abridged radiotelegraphic call sign will be composed of three letters: (i) The nationality letter of the aircraft.

(ii) The letter a (. -).

(iii) The last letter of the registration mark of the aircraft.

The radiotelephonic call sign will be formed by the whole or part of the name of the owner of the aircraft (Air Navigation Company or Private owner) followed by the last two letters of the registration mark.

When opening up communication by means of visual signals, when the Morse code is not used, the usual methods will be employed.

The above provisions relating to the call sign do not affect the special rules relating to the signals laid down in Section II of Annex D.

The nationality and registration marks are assigned in accordance with the table contained in section VII of this Annex ".

However, any aircraft, manufactured in a contracting State, shall for delivery by air to a national of a non-contracting State, of which the nationality and registration marks shall not have been notified by the International Commission for Air Navigation to the contracting States, be provisionally registered in the State in which it was manufactured. The nationality mark shall be that of the latter State. The registration mark shall consist of a W followed by three figures.

b) On aircraft other than State and commercial, the registration mark shall be underlined with a black line.

c) The entry in the register and the certificate of registration shall contain a description of the aircraft and shall indicate the number or other identification mark given to it by the maker; the nationality and registration marks mentioned above; the usual station of the aircraft; the full name, nationality and residence of the owner and the date of registration.

The Certificate of Registration will be drawn up in accordance with the following form:

STATE MINISTRY DEPARTMENT OR SERVICE

CERTIFICATE OF REGISTRATION

No.

Nationality and Registration Marks_.

(1) Type and Description_-_

(2) Name and address of Constructor_

(3) Constructor's Serial Number_

(4) Name of Owner

(5) Address of Owner-

(6) Nationality of Owner

(7) Usual station of Aircraft_

Whereas it has been declared that the above mentioned aircraft is not registered in any other state, it is hereby certified that the said aircraft has been duly entered on the register of

on the

day of

19-

in accordance with the Convention for the Regulation of Aerial Navigation, dated 13th October 1919, Annex A, and with__

d) All aircraft shall carry affixed to the car or to the fuselage in a prominent position a metal plate, inscribed with the names and residence of the owner and the marks of nationality and registration.

2 Resolution No. 15 (0. B. 1, p. 20); Resolution No. 28 (0. B. 2, p. 25); Resolution No. 56 (0. B. 2, p. 39); Resolution No. 61 (0. B. 3, p. 13); Resolution No. 75 (0. B. 3, p. 30); Resolution No. 84 (0. B. 4, p. 12); Resolution No. 135 (0. B. 6, p. 17); Resolution No. 155 (0. B. 6, p. 44); Resolution No. 175 (0. B. 7. p. 16): Resolution No. 215 (0. B. 8, p. 17). Table or marks to be borne by aircraft (O. B. 8, p. 42).

SECTION II. LOCATION OF MARKS

The nationality and registration marks shall be painted in black on a white ground in the following manner :

(a) FLYING MACHINES-The marks shall be painted once on the lower surface of the lower main planes and once on the upper surface of the top main planes, the top of the letters to be toward the leading edge. They shall also be painted along each side of the fuselage between the main planes and the tail planes. In cases where the machine is not provided with a fuselage the marks shall be painted on the nacelle.

(b) AIRSHIPS AND BALLOONS.-In the case of airships, the marks shall be painted near the maximum cross section on both sides and on the upper surface equidistant from the letters on the sides.

In the case of balloons marks shall be painted twice near the maximum horizontal circumference, as far as possible from one another.

In the case both of airships and balloons the side marks shall be visible both from the sides and ground.

SECTION III. ADDITIONAL LOCATION OF NATIONALITY MARKS

(a) FLYING MACHINES AND AIRSHIPS.-The nationality mark shall also be painted on the left and right sides of the lower surface of the lowest tail planes or elevators and also on the upper surface of the top tail planes or elevators, whichever is the larger. It shall also be painted on both sides of the rudder, or on the outer sides of the outer rudders if more than one rudder is fitted. (b) BALLOONS.-The nationality mark shall be painted on the basket.

SECTION IV. MEASUREMENTS OF NATIONALITY AND REGISTRATION MARKS

(a) FLYING MACHINES.-The height of the marks on the main planes and tail planes respectively shall be equal to four-fifths of the chord, and in the case of the rudder shall be as large as possible. The height of the marks on the fuselage or nacelle shall be four-fifths of the greatest depth of the narrowest part of that portion of the fuselage or nacelle on which the marks are painted. (b) AIRSHIPS AND BALLOONS.-In the case of airships, the nationality marks painted on the tail plane shall be equal in height to four-fifths of the chord of the tail plane and in the case of the rudder the marks shall be as large as possible. The height of the other marks shall be equal to at least one-twelfth of the circumference at the maximum transverse cross section of the airship.

In the case of balloons the height of the nationality mark shall be four-fifths of the height of the basket, and the height of the other marks shall be equal to at least one-twelfth of the circumference of the balloon.

(c) GENERAL.-In the case of all aircraft the letters of the nationality and registration marks need not exceed 2.5 metres in height.

SECTION V. MEASUREMENT, TYPE OF LETTERS, ETC.

(a) The width of the letters shall be two-thirds of their height and the thickness shall be one-sixth of their height. The letters shall be painted in plain block type and shall be uniform in shape and size. A space equal to half

the width of the letters shall be left between the letters.

(b.) In the case of underlined letters the thickness of the line shall be equal to the thickness of the letter and the space between the bottom of the letters and the line shall be equal to the thickness of the line.

SECTION VI. SPACING BETWEEN NATIONALITY AND REGISTRATION MARKS

Where the nationality and registration marks appear together, a hyphen of a length equal to the width of one of the letters shall be painted between the nationality mark and registration mark.

SECTION VII. MAINTENANCE

The nationality and registration marks shall be displayed to the best possible advantage, taking into consideration the constructional features of the aircraft. The marks must always be kept clean and visible.