in the justice of the cause which they have handed down to us, we ask His divine blessing on this, the last stage of the struggle which we have pledged ourselves to carry through to Freedom."

U. S. SENATE TAKES STAND IN FAVOR OF IRISH FREEDOM.

In a new reservation to the peace treaty adopted by a vote of 38 to 36, the Senate reaffirmed its sympathy for the aspirations of the Irish people and expressed hope that the time was "at hand" when Ireland would have a government of its own choosing.

Twenty-one Democrats and seventeen Republicans supported the reservation and sixteen Democrats and twenty Republicans voted against it.

The reservation, which was proposed by Senator Gerry, Democrat, of Rhode Island, follows:

"In consenting to the ratification of the treaty with Germany the United States adheres to the principle of self-determination and to the resolution of sympathy with the aspirations of the Irish people for a government of their own choice adopted by the Senate June 6, 1919, and declares that when self-government is attained by Ireland a consummation it is hoped is at hand, it should promptly be admitted as a member of the League of Nations."

The roll call on the Gerry resolution follows:

For adoption:

Republicans-Borah, Brandegee, Capper, Colt, Curtis, France, Frelinghuysen, Gronna, Johnson of California, Jones of Washington, La Follette, McLean, McNary, Moses, Norris, Sutherland and Watson-17.

Democrats-Ashurst, Gerry, Gore, Harris, Harrison, Henderson, Hitchcock, Kendrick, Kirby, McKellar, Nugent, Phelan, Pittman, Ransdell, Reed, Sheppard, Shields, Smith of Maryland, Smith of South Carolina, Walsh of Massachusetts and Walsh of Montana -21..

Total for adoption, 38.

Against adoption:

Republicans Ball, Calder, Cummins, Dillingham, Edge, Elkins, Hale, Harding, Kellogg, Kenyon, Keyes, Lenroot, Lodge, New, Page, Phipps, Spencer, Sterling, Townsend and Wadsworth-20.

Democrats-Beckham, Dial, Fletcher, Gay, Jones of New Mexico, King, Myers, Pomerene, Robinson, Smith of Georgia, Swanson, Thomas, Trammell, Underwood, Williams and Walcott-16.

Total against adoption, 36.

Of senators absent and paired it was announced that Senators Johnson of South Dakota, Culberson of Texas, Overman of North Carolina, Owen of Oklahoma and Stanley of Kentucky, Democrats, favored the resolution, and Senator Fernald, Republican, of Maine, opposed it. The position of other senators not voting was not stated.

LLOYD GEORGE STRAINS THE TRUTH.

Editor Evening American:

LONDON, June 19, 1920.-"The British government will never agree to an Irish Republic unless it is beaten to the ground," was the final answer today of Prime Minister Lloyd George to the delegation from the National Railwaymen's Union, with which he has been conferring about the refusal of Irish railwaymen to handle ammunition and troop trains.

"The Premier then reiterated the comparison of the Irish movement for independence from the British Empire with American Civil War. He said:

"Abraham Lincoln faced a million casualties and a five years' war rather than acknowledge the independence of the Southern government. The British government will do the same thing if necessary."

The above cable dispatch is from The Herald and Examiner of Sunday, June 20.

There is no comparison between these two contentions or incidents. Ireland is fighting for the return of the Irish nation originally stolen from the Irish by the British imperial government, not for separation. The Southern Confederation, in violation of the Constitution of the United States, attempted to establish an independent government on a portion of the territory belonging to the United States government in order that they might continue to hold in slavery four million colored people who were held in absolute slavery. England is now fighting to hold the territory of a formerly independent nation taken by force from them, a nation of 6,250,000, which she has by cruelty and oppression reduced to a trifle over 4,000,000 from 1828 to the present time.

A book entitled "Abraham Lincoln and Constitutional Government," written by Barton A. Ulrich, formerly a resident of Springfield, Ill., and an old friend of Abraham Lincoln, who was frequently a guest at his mother's house in Springfield, gives the facts in regard to the causes of the Civil War and also the position which England took towards the United States during this war. This book every free American and Irishman throughout the world should read.

On pages 63 and 64 of this book the following facts are given: "Through the complicity of England, for which she was later compelled to pay an indemnity of 3,000,000 pounds to those who were damaged in the United States by vessels built in England for the Southern Confederacy, the rebel leaders were enabled to fit out privateers and prey upon the merchant vessels of the United States with impunity. Two of these vessels, the Alabama and the Florida, would raise the English flag if it would aid them in their villainous piracy, capture prizes and then run past the United States vessels blockading Southern ports. The Lancaster, commanded by Capt. Semmes, did considerable damage until finally it was disabled by the Tuscarora, the Chippewa, and the Kearsarge at Gibraltar. Capt. Semmes sold his vessel and discharged his men. The Florida, after it had inflicted an immense amount of damage on American shipping, was at last destroyed by the United States sloop of war Wachusett in the port of Bahia, Brazil. The Alabama, under charge of Capt. Semmes with an English crew and gunners, after driving many United States merchant ships from the seas and destroying many sailing vessels, and every variety of shipping, was at last compelled to encounter the United States sloop of war Kearsarge, commanded by Capt. Winslow, beyond the three mile limit, off Cherbourg, France, and was overpowered and sunk."

There is no "comparison" between these two contentions, and Lloyd George deliberately misrepresents the facts as set forth in every complete history of the Civil War. The Confederate or Southern states originally were a part and parcel of the United States and entered into the confederation in every instance by their free and voluntary act, while Ireland was compelled by force of arms to become a subject of Great Britain and has been held in subjection by the same Imperial policy of Great Britain.

AMERICAN MAN.

DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE OF THE CZECHO-SLOVAK NATION BY ITS PROVISIONAL GOVERNMENT.

AT THIS GRAVE MOMENT, when the Hohenzollerns are offering peace in order to stop the victorious advance of the Allied armies and to prevent the dismemberment of Austria-Hungary and Turkey, and when the Hapsburgs are promising the federalization of the empire and autonomy to the dissatisfied nationalities committed to their rule, we, the Czechoslovak National Council, recognized by the Allied and American Governments as the Provisional Government of the Czechoslovak State and Nation, in complete accord with

the Declaration of the Czech Deputies made in Prague on January 6, 1918, and realizing that federalization, and, still more, autonomy mean nothing under a Hapsburg dynasty, do hereby make and declare this our Declaration of Independence.

We do this because of our belief that no people should be forced to live under a sovereignty which they do not recognize, and because of our knowledge and firm conviction that our nation cannot freely develop in a Hapsburg mock-federation, which is only a new form of the denationalizing oppression under which we have suffered for the past three hundred years. We consider freedom to be the first prerequisite for federalization, and believe that the FREE nations of Central and Eastern Europe may easily federate should they find it necessary.

We make this declaration on the basis of our historic and natural right. We have been an independent State since the seventh Century; and, in 1526, as an independent State, consisting of Bohemia, Moravia, and Silesia, we joined with Austria and Hungary in a defensive union against the Turkish danger. We have never voluntarily surrendered our rights as an independent State in this confederation. The Hapsburgs broke their compact with our nation by illegally transgressing our rights and violating the Constitution of our State, which they had pledged themselves to uphold, and we therefore refuse longer to remain a part of Austria-Hungary in any form.

We claim the right of Bohemia to be reunited with her Slovak brethren of Slovakia, once part of our national State, later torn from our national body, and fifty years ago incorporated in the Hungarian State of the Magyars, who, by their unspeakable violence and ruthless oppression of their subject races have lost all moral and human right to rule anybody but themselves.

The world knows the history of our struggle against the Hapsburg oppression, intensified and systematized by the Austro-Hungarian Dualistic Compromise of 1867. This dualism is only a shameless organization of brute force and exploitation of the majority by the minority; it is a political conspiracy of the Germans and Magyars against our own as well as the other Slav and the Latin nations of the Monarchy. The world knows the history of our claims, which the Hapsburgs themselves dared not deny. Francis Joseph, in the most solemn manner repeatedly recognized the sovereign rights of our nation. The Germans and Magyars opposed this recognition; and Austria-Hungary, bowing before the Pan-Germans, became a colony of Germany, and as her vanguard to the East, provoked the last Balkan conflict, as well as the present world war, which was begun by the Hapsburgs alone without the consent of the representatives of the people.

We cannot and will not continue to live under the rule, direct or indirect, of the violators of Belgium, France, and Serbia, the wouldbe murderers of Russia and Roumania, the murderers of tens of thousands of civilians and soldiers of our blood, and the accomplices in numberless unspeakable crimes committed in this war against humanity by the two degenerate and irresponsible dynasties. We will not remain a part of a State which has no justification for existence, and which, refusing to accept the fundamental principles of modern world-organization, remains only an artificial and immoral political structure, hindering every movement toward democratic and social progress. The Hapsburg dynasty, weighed down by a huge inheritance of error and crime, is a perpetual menace to the peace of the world, and we deem it our duty toward humanity and civilization to aid in bringing about its downfall and destruction.

We reject the sacrilegious assertion that the power of the Hapsburg and Hohenzollern dynasties is of divine origin; we refuse to recognize the divine right of kings. Our nation elected the Hapsburgs to the throne of Bohemia of its own free will, and by the same right deposes them. We hereby declare the Hapsburg dynasty unworthy of leading our nation, and deny all of their claims to rule in the Czechoslovak Land, which we here and now declare shall henceforth be a free and independent people and nation.

We accept and shall adhere to the ideals of modern democracy, as they have been the ideals of our nation for centuries. We accept the American principles as laid down by President Wilson: the principles of liberated mankind, of the actual equality of nations, and of governments deriving all their just power from the consent of the governed. We, the nation of Comenius, cannot but accept these principles expressed in the American Declaration of Independence, the principles of Lincoln, and of the Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen. For these principles our nation shed its blood in the memorable Hussite Wars five hundred years ago, for these same principles, beside her Allies in Russia, Italy and France, our nation is shedding its blood today.

We shall outline only the main principles of the Constitution of the Czechoslovak Nation. The final decision as to the Constitution itself falls to the legally chosen representatives of the liberated and united people.

The Czechoslovak State shall be a Republic. In constant endeavor for progress it will guarantee complete freedom of conscience, religion and science, literature and art, speech, the press, and the right of assembly and petition. The Church shall be separated from the State.