 | United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on the Judiciary - 1963 - 316 str.
...utterly without justification and is therefore to be deemed unlawful per se. That is true only of those "agreements or practices which because of their pernicious...have caused or the business excuse for their use." Northern Pac. R. Co. v. United States, 356 US 1, 5. Specifically, the per se rule of prohibition has... | |
 | United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on the Judiciary - 1963 - 290 str.
...utterly without justification and is therefore to be deemed unlawful per se. That is true only of those "agreements or practices which because of their pernicious...have caused or the business excuse for their use." Northern Pac. R. Co. v. United States, 356 US 1, 5. Specifically, the per se rule of prohibition has... | |
 | United States. Congress. House. Select Committee on Small Business - 1963 - 172 str.
...the Supreme Court stated in Northern Pacific Railroad Co. v. US, 356 US 1, 5, per se violations are "agreements or practices which because of their pernicious...therefore Illegal without elaborate inquiry as to the percise harm they have caused or the business excuse for their use." Although an agreement to fix or... | |
 | United States. Congress. House. Select Committee on Small Business - 1963 - 992 str.
...the Supreme Court stated in Northern Pacific Railroad Co. \. US, 356 US 1, 5, per se violations are "agreements or practices which because of their pernicious...therefore illegal without elaborate inquiry as to the percise harm they have caused or the business excuse for their use." Although an agreement to fix or... | |
 | United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Small Business - 1964 - 108 str.
...the Supreme Court stated in Northern Pacific Railroad Co. v. US, 356 US 1, 5, per se violations are "agreements or practices which because of their pernicious...have caused or the business excuse for their use." Although an agreement to fix or maintain prices is unquestionably illegal per se, this does not mean... | |
 | United States. Congress. House. Select Committee on Small Business - 1964 - 106 str.
...the Supreme Court stated in Northern Pacific Railroad Co. v. US, 356 US 1, 5, per se violations are "agreements or practices which because of their pernicious...have caused or the business excuse for their use." Although an agreement to fix or maintain prices is unquestionably illegal per se, this does not mean... | |
 | United States. Congress. House. Select Committee on Small Business - 1964 - 640 str.
...US 231). Within the category of "unreasonable restraints" are certain agreements or practices that because of their "pernicious effect on competition...to be unreasonable and, therefore, illegal without an elaborate inquiry as to precise harm they have caused or business excuse for their use" (Northern... | |
| |
Black explained the appropriateness of, and the need for, per se rules: "[T]here are certain agreements or practices which because of their pernicious effect on competition and lack of any redeeming virtue are conclusively presumed to be unreasonable... 
