"'Private property taken for the use of the army is to be paid for, when possible, in cash at a fair valuation; and when payment in cash is not possible receipts are to be given.

"All ports and places in Cuba which may be in the actual possession of our land and naval forces will be opened to the commerce of all neutral nations, as well as our own, in articles not contraband of war, upon payment of the prescribed rates of duty which may be in force at the time of importation.

"By order Secretary of War:

""WILLIAM MCKINLEY.'

"H. C. CORBIN, Adjutant-General."

The Spanish soldiers surrendered at Santiago by General Toral with the approval of Captain-General Blanco and the Spanish government outnumbered two to one the combined armies of Burgoyne and Cornwallis surrendered at Saratoga and Yorktown, and were a larger force than was engaged on either side in our two wars with England, and forty per cent greater than the armies of Taylor that crossed the Rio Grande and won at Monterey and Buena Vista; and of Scott, the conqueror of the city of Mexico, who unfurled over the "Halls of the Montezumas" the flag that now floats at Havana.

The Reasons Why Admiral Dewey Remained After Destroying the Spanish Fleet-Why there Was Not a Slaughter at Manila Like that at Santiago-The Old Fort that Was the Key of the City-The American Army Drove the Spaniards and Dusted the Insurgents Out of the Way-A Very Neat Job-We Did Not Make War on the Spaniards for the Sake of the Tagalos.

We have seen in the official communications by cable between the Secretary of the Navy of the United States and the Commander of the American fleet on the Asiatic station, that before the declaration of war there were forceful and particular preparations to strike a blow at the Spaniards in the East Indies as soon as the war hurricane broke in the West Indies. The great possessions of Spain in Asian waters seemed almost literally at the end of the world, and were little known. The duty confided to Admiral George Dewey was first the protection of American commerce with China and Japan from the Spanish squadron known to be maintained at Manila, and in the channels and harbors of the Philippines, and it was strongly expressed over the wires from Washington to the squadron of U. S. cruisers at anchor in Hongkong harbor that the way to defend our commerce on the other side of the globe, was to destroy the Spanish war ships.

There was extraordinary energy in the Navy Department. Mr. Long, the Secretary, is a man of high attainments and forecasting intellect. He had for Assistant Secretary, Governor Theodore Roosevelt of New York, who was a grizzly-bear killer before he was a Rough Rider; and indeed the strong, keen and brilliant character that was a dominant factor in the administration of the Navy, itself a high school of heroes.

Admiral Dewey was substantially instructed to clear for action and strike the squadron of Spain before the declaration of war. "Fill up with coalthe best to be had," was the first order issued that had the ring of battle

GENERALS MILES AND SHAFTER ON BOARD HEADQUARTERS BOAT "SEGURANCA."

thunder in it. Coal is even more essential in providing a war ship for active service, than gunpowder. There is no more inert mass of matter than a battleship without steam. With coal steam can be raised, and the ponderous structure of iron becomes a thing of life that parts the waters with enormous power, and drives through stormy seas, an engine of wrath and violence, crushing whatever floats in its way, but the utmost accurate range of a rifle is half a dozen miles.

"Fill up with coal-the best to be had" is a good phrase, the very thing for a beginning. It was followed up and the Spanish Asiatic fleet in a few days passed away. It will be a welcome task for Americans to tell the story of the glory of the battle of the Bay of Manila, for the gallant Dewey and his captains bold, and sailors and gunners, and all the officers and crews, the Chinese waiters included, who waited on the boys at the flaming guns with ammunition as cheerfully as they served the tables at one time-but we have to recite another story now.

When Admiral Dewey left Hongkong he had no home for his ships nearer than San Francisco. He had no boarding house, no tavern in which he could take his time and his ease. He found himself on the evening of the first of May destroyer of a fleet, the conqueror of a broad bay with heavy batteries still frowning upon him from the shores, a great city held by an army of thirteen thousand men amply armed under his guns, a litter of wrecks where the fleet of his enemies had been, his own command less numerous than the crews of the ships he had annihilated and his ammunition seriously reduced by hours of rapid firing, it being one of the characteristics. of war ships that they consume stores of powder, shells and bolts at a rate never in old times thought possible.

What should he do? Run to Singapore and be permitted to take coal enough to move him to the next port and so on home, getting into American waters in two months, leaving a lot of Spanish gunboats known to be hidden about the islands to go out and prey upon our commerce? Or would it be the better way to hold the Bay of Manila, make it a place of shelter for his fleet and a base of operations, implying as the situation did, that we had gained command of a group of islands extensive as New York, Pennsylvania and New Jersey, one of them more spacious than the State of Ohio, the group rich as our Gulf States? The Admiral of course remained, and announcing that he would lay waste the city if again fired on, established a con