on

Senate and requests that it be ratified. The proposed treaty or convention, the President's message of transmittal, and all accompanying papers and reports are then referred to the Committee Foreign Relations. The Senate usually orders such material to be printed for the use of the Senate. The Committee on Foreign Relations usually conducts hearings and submits a report to the Senate. The Senate may grant its advice and consent and the treaty or convention is then returned to the President who issues a proclamation. The treaty or convention becomes effective for the United States after the President has officially proclaimed the treaty or convention, or at a certain specified date.

1-2-100. INTERNATIONAL CON

VENTION FOR SAFETY OF LIFE AT SEA, 1948

1-2-100A. Background Information

The International Conference on Safety of Life at Sea was held in London, England, from April 23 to June 10, 1948. The report of the United States delegation includes copies of the final act and related documents. This report contained the International Convention for Safety of Life at Sea, 1948, together with regulations and copies of certificates that would be issued vessels complying with this Convention. This report also contains recommendations entitled "Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea," but these regulations are not a part of the Convention. The conference held in 1948 was attended by delegates from 30 nations. This Convention was ratified by the President on December 16, 1949, and the ratification of the United States was deposited with the Government of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland on

January 5, 1950. The proclamation by the President was made on September 10, 1952, and this Convention entered into force on November 19, 1952.

1-2-100B. Scope of Convention

The 1948 Convention is composed of 15 articles plus six chapters dealing with general provisions, construction, lifesaving appliances, etc., radiotelegraphy and radiotelephony, safety of navigation, and carriage of grain and dangerous goods. The text of the Convention is set forth in Coast Guard pamphlet entitled "International Conventions and Conferences on Marine Safety," CG-242. The requirements of the Convention apply to both cargo and passenger ships. For the purposes of this Convention a tank ship is considered a cargo ship.

1-2-100C. Enforcement of 1948 Convention

The President's proclamation is dated September 10, 1952, and this Convention came into force and effect on and after November 19, 1952. This proclamation is set forth in a Department of State publication 4728 and entitled 'Safety of Life at Sea Convention, With Regulations, London, June 10, 1948" and is included in the "Treaties and Other International Acts Series 2495." This pamphlet may be purchased from the Superintendent of Documents for 55 cents a copy. The President also issued Executive Order 10402 regarding enforcement of the Convention for Safety of Life at Sea, 1948, designating the Coast Guard as one of the enforcement agencies. This Executive Order 10402 was published in the Federal Register dated November 4, 1952 (17 F.R. 9917; 3 CFR, 1952 Supp.; FRRS No. 70-52).

By the President:

/s/ DEAN ACHESON,

Secretary of State.

EXECUTIVE ORDER 10402

ENFORCEMENT OF THE CONVENTION FOR SAFETY OF LIFE AT SEA, 1948

WHEREAS under Article I of the International Convention for Safety of Life at Sea, signed at London on June 10, 1948, ratified by the United States of America, and proclaimed by the President on September 10, 1952 (Treaties and Other International Acts, Series 2495), the Government of the United States of America, together with the governments of the other countries which have become parties to the Convention, undertakes to give effect to the provisions of the said Convention and of the Regulations annexed thereto, to promulgate all laws, decrees, orders, and regulations, and to take all other steps which may be necessary to give the Convention full and complete effect, so as to insure that, from the point of view of safety of life, a ship is fit for the service for which it is intended; and

WHEREAS it is expedient and necessary, in order that the Government of the United States of America may give full and complete effect to the said Convention, that several departments and agencies of the executive branch of the said Government perform functions and duties thereunder; and

WHEREAS in accordance with Article XI of the Convention it has been determined that the Convention will come into force on November 19, 1952:

NOW, THEREFORE, by virtue of and pursuant to the authority vested in me as President of the United States of America, it is ordered as follows:

/s/ HARRY S. TRUMAN

1. The Department of State, the Department of the Treasury (Coast Guard), the Department of Commerce (Weather Bureau), and the Federal Communications Commission, respectively, are hereby directed in relation to the fulfillment of the obligations undertaken by the Government of the United States of America under the said Convention to perform the functions and duties therein prescribed and undertaken which appertain to the functions and duties which they severally are now directed or authorized by law to perform. Each of the said departments and the said commission shall cooperate and assist the others in carrying out the duties imposed by the Convention and by this order.

2. The Department of the Treasury (Coast Guard), or such other agency as may be authorized by law so to do, shall issue certificates as required by the said Convention, and in any case in which a certificate is to include matter which appertains to the functions and duties directed or authorized by law to be performed by any department or agency other than the issuing agency, the issuing agency shall first ascertain from such other department or agency its decision with respect to such matter, and such decision shall be final and binding.

3. Whenever the Coast Guard operates as a part of the Navy, the functions to be performed by the Department of the Treasury (Coast Guard) under this order shall vest in and be performed by the Department of the Navy (Coast Guard).

4. This order supersedes Executive Order No. 7548 of February 5, 1937, entitled Enforcement of the Convention for Safety of Life at Sea, 1929'', to the

extent that the said International Convention for Safety of Life at Sea signed at London on June 10, 1948, replaces and abrogates the International Convention for Safety of Life at Sea signed at London on May 31, 1929.

5. This order shall be effective as of September 10, 1952.

HARRY S. TRUMAN

THE WHITE HOUSE;

October 30, 1952.

1-2-100D. Acceptance of 1948 Convention Certificates

The Commandant on October 27, 1953, stated that the United States Coast Guard will accept recognized valid certificates issued by a country that has acceded to the 1948 Convention. (See Federal Register November 3, 1953; 18 F. R. 6945; FRRS No. 71-53; CGFR 53-43.) This acceptance reads as follows:

ACCEPTANCE OF CERTIFICATES ISSUED PURSUANT TO THE INTERNATIONAL CONVENTION FOR THE SAFETY OF LIFE AT SEA, 1948

1. The Proclamation of the President, dated September 10, 1952, quoted the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea, 1948, which was signed at London on June 10, 1948 (hereinafter referred to as "1948 Convention''), and declared that this 1948 Convention shall be observed and in effect on and after November 19, 1952, for the United States of America (see Treaties and Other International Acts, Series 2495, issued by the Department of State).

2. The 1948 Convention states that each Contracting Government, or a person or organization duly authorized to perform the function for such country, shall issue to a vessel of her registry, which is subject to the provisions of the Convention, the applicable certificates described in Regulation 11 of Chapter I,

1. Executive Order 10402, dated October 30, 1952 (17 F. R. 9917; 3 CFR, 1952 Supp.), superseded Executive Order 7548, dated February 5, 1937, entitled "Enforcement of the Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea, 1929,'' to the extent that the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea, 1948, which was signed at London June 10, 1948 (hereinafter referred to as "1948 Convention'), replaces and abrogates the International Convention for the Safety of

Life at Sea, 1929, which was signed at London on May 31, 1929 (hereinafter referred to as "1929 Convention').

2. The United States of America denounced the 1929 Convention on November 19, 1952. By the terms of Article 66 of the 1929 Convention this denunciation becomes effective on November 19, 1953.

Therefore, on and after November 19, 1953, the United States Coast Guard will not accept nor recognize any certificate held by a vessel issued pursuant to the 1929 Convention except as authorized by the 1948 Convention. The acceptance of 1929 Convention certificates held by a foreign vessel will be in accordance with her status as follows:

(a) Up to November 19, 1953, a vessel of a country which is a party to the 1929 Convention is entitled to claim recognition by the United States of a valid certificate issued pursuant to the 1929 Convention.

(b) On and after November 19, 1953, a vessel of a country which is a party to the 1929 Convention but which has not accepted nor acceded to the 1948 Convention will not be entitled to claim recognition by the United States or certificates issued pursuant to the 1929 Convention.

(c) On and after November 19, 1953, a vessel belonging to a country which is a party to the 1929 Convention and which has accepted or acceded to the 1948 Convention will be entitled to claim recognition of her 1929 Convention certificates under Regulation 77 of Chapter I of the 1948 Convention during a period of one year from the date on which her country's ratification or acceptance of the 1948 Convention becomes effective.

(d) Between the date of November 19, 1953, and the effective date of her country's ratification or acceptance of the 1948 Convention deposited subsequent to August 19, 1953, a vessel of a country which is also a party to the 1929 Convention will not be entitled to claim recognition of her certificates issued under