• 106

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Page

Situation of Leeds

92 The Monk Bridge

106

Progress of Railways around Leeds

92 The Wellington, Victoria, and Crown Point Bridges

Proposed Central Station at Leeds

93 The Old Bridge

106

Report of the Board of Trade on a Scheme for Supplying Association formed at Leeds for the Prevention of Smoke 109

a Net-work of Railways for the Clothing Towns 93 Professor Faraday's Opinion on the Subject of perfect

Obscurity of the early History of Leeds

94 Combustion of Smoke

109

Dr. Whitaker's Conjecture of the probable Appearance The Bramley Stone Quarries

109

of Leeds at the time of the Conquest

94 | The Engineering Establishments of Leeds' .

109

Leeds Castle

94 Sir George Head's Observation on the Operations of

Leland's Mention of Leeds .

94

110

Thoresby's Account of the State of Leeds in 1548 94 Remarks made by Sir George Head on the Increase of

Share taken by Leeds in the Great Rebellion

95 the Demand for Labour consequent on the Increase

Story told of the Two Charleses in connection with Leeds 95 of Machinery

110

Sufferings of Leeds from the Great Plague

95 Dr. Whitaker's Account of Kirkstall Abbey

110

Gradual Progress of Leeds

95 Legend attached to the Rise of Kirkstall Abbey

110

Progress made in the Communication between Leeds Erection of Kirkstall Abbey

111

95 The Ruins of Kirkstall Abbey

111

Comparative Limits of the Town, the Parish, and the Marshall's Flax Mill

111

Borough of Leeds

96 The Factory Room of Marshall's Flax Mili.

111

The Townships connected with Leeds

96 | The Basement of a Factory

112

The Two Aspects presented by Leeds

96 | The Roof of a Factory

112

Character of the Town of Leeds

96 The Manufacture of Flax-cloth at and around Barnsley 112

Sanitarian Efforts of Leeds.

99 Dyer's Verses on the Woollen Manufacture

113

Provisions of the Act for the Improrement of Leeds . 99 The Rise and Progress of the Clothing Manufacture of

The Streets of Leeds

100

the West Riding

113

Thoresby's Account of the Briggate in 1726

100 | The Master Clothier System

113

Thoresby's Account of the Markets of Leeds.

100 The Domestic System

113

Mr. Kohl's Character of Leeds.

100 The Factory System

113

Ecclesiastical History of Leeds

101 The Fulling and Scribbling Mills.

113

Project to subdivide the Parish of Leeds

102 Character of the Company Mill System

114

Increase of Churches in Leeds since 1724

102 Management of the Company Mills

114

Old St. Peter's Church, as described by Thoresby 102 | The Shoddy Mills

114

New St. Peter's Church

102 Sir George Head's Remarks on the shoddy Mils. 115

Act passed in 1844 for the subdivision of the Parish of

Arrangements of a Great Woollen Factory

115

Leeds

103 Different Processes of the Woollen Manufacture

115

Present Church Accommodation of Leeds

103 Various Processes in the Preparation of the Yarn for

Whitaker's Account of St. John's Church

103 Weaving

116

The Trinity, St. Paul's, and St. James's Churches 103 Finishing Processes required by the Woven Cluth 116

The Dissenting Chapels of Leeds .

103 The Coloured or Mixed Cloth Hall

117

The Industrial School

103 Market Day in the Cloth Hall

117

The Grammar School .

103 The White Cloth Hall ,

i17

The Libraries and Literary Societies of Leeds

104 | The Yorkshire Dialect

117

The Leeds Zoological and Botanical Gardens 104 Stanzas from an "Address to Poverty' .

117

The Leeds Gaol

105 Bradford

118

The Markets of Leeds

Distinctive Character of the Manufactures of Leeds,

The Leeds Commercial Buildings

106 Bradford, Halifax, Huddersfield, Rochdale, Dews-

Suspension Bridge at Hunslet .

106 bury, Heckmondwike, and Saddleworth.

118

.

.

.

.

Various Interests attaching to Newcastle

121 Grainger's Mode of Proceeding in the Improvement of

Rise and Growth of Newcastle .

127

Visit of the Princess Margaret to Newcastle in 1503 121 Rapid Change in the Appearance of Newcastle produced

Visits of James I. to Newcastle

122 by Grainger

127

Part taken by Newcastle in the Civil War

122 The Market

· 128

Anecdotes told of Charles I. in connection with Newcastle 122 Grey Street

128

Relative Situations of Newcastle and Gateshead 122 The Central Exchange

129

Railwars around Newcastle

123 The Theatre

129

Gigantic Plan for a Central Station in Newcastle.

123 The Stone Staircases of Newcastle

130

Old Bridge at Newcastle

123 The Sandhill

130

Debt of Newcastle to Mr. Grainger

124 The Old Exchange

130

Newcastle in the early part of the Present Century 121 Trollope's Epitaph in Gateshead Churchyard

130

Mr. Grainger's various Building Enterprizes in Newcastle 127 The Side

130

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Page

Dean Street

130 Transportation of Coal from the Collieries to the Tyne . 139

The Quay Side

131 Visit to a Coal-mine

140

Butcher Bank, associated with Akenside

131 Mr. Holland's Remarks on the Horrors of a Coal-mine . 140

The Chares of Newcastle

131 | Different Modes of Procedure with thin and thick Seams

Love Lane, associated with Lord Eldon and Lord Stowell 131 of Coal

141

Incident related by Horace Twiss in connection with the Mode of Ventilating a Coal-mine.

141

Birth of Lord Stowell

131 The Safety Lamp, or · Davy'

141

Sandgate

131 Relations between a Coal-owner and his Pitmen

141

The New Road

131 Various Classes into which the Persons engaged in a Col-

The Upper Town

132 liery are subdivided

141

The Close

132 Stanzas from the Collier's Rani'

142

The County Court

132 Various subsidiary Employments in a Coal-mine 142

The Castle, and its History

132 Superintending Officers employed in a Coal-mine 142

Present Condition of the Castle

132 Classes of the Upper Ground' Establishment .

143

Fortifications of Newcastle

135 | A Pitman's Life half a Century ago

143

Burghal Halls formed of the old Wall Towers 135 Colliery Villages

143

St. Nicholas' Church

135 Mr. Morrison's Remarks on the Personal Appearance of

The Steeple of St. Nicholas' Church

135 a Pitman

143

The Forth

135 Household Duties of a Pitman's Wife

144

The Grammar Schooi

135 Mr. Morrison's Picture of the Domestic Life of a Pitman 144

Anecdotes of Lord Eldon's Schoolboy-days

135 The Pirmen of Past Days

144

Variety of the Manufactures of Newcastle

136 Coal Keels and Keelmen

144

Engineering Establishments of Newcastle .

137 Sir George Head's Remarks on the Keels of the Tyne and

Stephenson's Works

137

the Wear.

147

George and Robert Stephenson

137 The Hostmen

147

The Glass Manufacture of Newcastle

137 Use of a Staith in shipping Coal.

147

The Processes of the various Departments in the Manu- Lord Eldon's Mention of the Keelmen of his early days 147

facture of Glass

137 Songs of the Keelmen

148

The Potteries of Newcastle

138 Various Charters agreed upon in reference to the Tyne . 148

The Chemical Works of the Tyne

138 Matters of Interest connected with Gateshead

148

The Lead Works of the Tyne

138 Jarrow, connected with Bede

151

Interesting Operations of the Lead Works

138 Jarrow Slake

151

Quantity of Refuse Heaps along the Banks of the Tyne 139 North and South Shields

151

Geology of the Colliery District

139 The North and South Shields Ferry Company,' and the

Mr. Büddle's Estimate of the Number of Persons em-

* Tyne Direct Ferry Company'

151

ployed in the Tyne Collieries

139 Tynemouth

151

Features of the Coal District

139 Tynemouth Priory

152

.

.

124
125

ILLUSTRATIONS.

Designer.

Engravers.
Newcastle, from the South-West (Steel Plate) [All the Drawings
from Sketches by J. Jackson, jun.]

W. HARVEY, T. A. PRIOR.
1. Newcastle, from Hilgate

M. JACKSON

2. Viaduct, at the end of Dean Street

3. Grey Street

4. Sandhill, Exchange, and Market

5. The Castle

6. St. Nicholas, from Head of the Side

7. Tyne Bridge

8. Shields Harbour

9. Tynemouth, with Collingwood Monument

10. Tynemouth Castle

· 128

129

· 132

136

144

149

149

152

.

AYRSHIRE, AND THE LAND OF BURNS.

W. WYLIE.

Extent and Divisions of Ayrshire

153 Kirkoswald

156

Ayrshire in the Time of the Romans and Saxons 153 The Abbey of Crossraguel

156

Sir William Wallace, and his connection with Ayrshire 153 Culzean Castle

The Battle of Loudoun Hill .

153 The Cassilis Family:

157

Religious Zeal of the People of Ayrshire

154 Feuds between the Earls of Cassilis and the Lairds of

Remarks on the Capabilities of Ayr in the New Statis- Bargany.

tical Account of Scotland'

154 Maybole

Manufactures of Ayrshire

154 Story of · Johnnie Faa'

158

Geological Character of Ayrshire

154 Disputation between John Knox and Quintin Kennedy 158

Agriculture of Ayrshire

154 The Village of Dunure

161

Cattle of Ayrshire

155 Dunure Castle

Ballantrae

155 Dalrymple

161

The Legend of May Cullean'

155 The Land of Burns

161

Girvan

156 History and present Condition of Ayr

162

Turnberry

156 Newton-upon-Ayr

162

Historical and Supernatural Associations connected with St. John's

Church and the Castle of Ayr

Carrick

156 Buildings in Ayr associated with Wallace

Lines from Scott's “ Lord of the Isles: .

156 The Old Parish Church of Ayr

162

Tam O'Shanter

156 The Old and New Brigs

163

Richness of the Northern Part of Derbyshire in points of

General Interest

Matlock in 1724

Change in the Character of Matlock during the last two

generations

The Situation of Matlock

Mr. Rhodes's Description of the Impression produced on

a Stranger by the first View of Matlock

Absurdity of the Names at Matlock

The Lions' of Matlock

The Attractions of Matlock .

The vicinity of Matlock .

The High Tor

Willersley Castle

The Village of Matlock

The Village of Bonsall

Wirksworth

Cromford

Stonnis

Road from Matlock to Wingfield .
Crich
South Wingfield Manor-house
field Manor-house

.

Page

Page

The Long Gallery

198 | The Road from Tideswell to Castleton

211

Dorothy Vernon

198 Castleton

211

The Gardens of Haddon Hali

198 The Peak Cavern

211

Way from Haddon Hall to Chatsworth

201 | The First Water'

. 211

View of Chatsworth.

201 | The Castle of the Peak

212

Several Buildings of Chatsworth

201 | The Blue John Mine

212

The Interior of Chatsworth

202 The Speedwell Mine

212

Wood Carvings at Chatsworth

202 The Winnats

. 213

Paintings at Chatsworth

202 | Cave Dale

213

View from the State-rooms at Chatsworth

203 | Mam Tor

213

The Sculpture at Chatsworth

203 Eldon Hole

218

Ancient and Modern Sculpture

203 The High Peak

214

The Works of Canova at Chatsworth

203 Hathersage

214

The Water Works of Chatsworth .

204 The Plague at Eyam

214

Chatsworth Conservatory .

204 Cucklett Dale

215

The Rock Works at Chatsworth

204 | Mr. Macaulay's Mention of Buxton

215

Wordsworth's Sonnet on Chatsworth

205 Thomas Browne's Tour in Derbyshire

215

Edensor

205 Refutation of Mr. Macaulay's Charge against Buxton

The Road from Edensor to Bakewell

205 Buxton in the sixteenth Century

217

Way from Rowsley to Stanton Moor

206 John Jones's Description of the Baths of Buxton in 1572 217

Number of Druidic Remains in the Neighbourhood of Dr. Jones's Dieting

217

Stanton Moor

206 Hobbes's Account of a Visit to the Buxton Baths

218

Circles of Stones in the Neighbourhood of Stanton Moor 206 Improvements made in Buxton by the late Duke of

Rocking-Stones on Stanton Moor

206 Devonshire

218

Barrows of North Derbyshire

207 The Baths of Buxton

221

Mr. Bateman's Account of the Green Low

207 | The Appearance of Buxton

221

Various Attractions of Stanton Moor

207 The Walks and Drives around Buxton

221

Ashford

207 Cotton's Notice of Pike Pool

221

Monsall Dale

208 | Narrow Dale

222

Cressbrook and Litton Dales

208 | Mill Dale

222

Wormhill

208 | Dove Dale

222

Chee Tor

208 Pickering Tor

222

Chee Dale

211 | Reynard's Cave

222

• 215

.

.

Connection between a particular Branch of Industry and Queen Elizabeth and Lea, the Inventor of the Stocking-

the Physical Features of the District

225 loom

232

The Triangle of Towns forming the Clothiery District 225 Progress of the Stocking-loom

233

Leicester

225 General Character of the Stocking-loom

233

The Situation of Leicester

226 Phraseology of the Stocking Manufacture

233

Sanitary Advantages of Leicester

226 Stocking Weaving not Steam-engine Work

233

The Streets of Leicester

226 Obstacles to the Adoption of the Factory System in

Hutton's Description of Richard III.'s Visit to the Blue Stocking Weaving

234

Boar at Leicester .

226 The Mode of Proceeding of a Stocking Manufacturer 234

The New Walk

226 The System of Frame Rents

234

St. Martin's Church

226 Mr. Muggeridge's Mention of the System of Frame Rents 235

St. Mary's Church

229 The System of Independent Frames'

235

St. Nicholas's and St. Margaret's Churches

229 | The Middleman System

235

Antiquities of Leicester

230 | The Bagman System

• 236

The Ancient Castle

230 Varieties in the Stocking Manufacture

236

Management of the Hosiery Arrangements in Leicester 230 Alternations in the Hosiery Manufacture

236

Market Harborough

231 Limits of the Hosiery District

237

Lutterworth

231 Situation of Nottingham

237

Hinckley

231 Nottingham Castle

237

Market Bosworth

231 Historical Associations with Nottingham Castle 237

The Battle of Bosworth Field

231 | Present State of Nottingham Castle

237

Loughborough .

231 Mortimer's Hole .

238

Melton Mowbray

. 231 The Capture of Mortimer in Nottingham Castle 238

The Statistics of the Stocking Manufacture

232 Mrs. Hutchinson's Account of Nottingham Castle . 238

Story told of the Invention of the Stocking-loom 232 | History of the Modern Castle

235

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.

.

.

247

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Page

The Streets of Nottingham.

238 | The Various Divisions of Hand-workers

246

Nottingham Market

238 The Derby Station

247

St. Mary's and St. Peter's Churches

241 The Railway Approach to Nottingham

247

St. Nicholas's and St. Barnabas's Churches

242 General Character of Derby

247

Public Buildings of Nottingham.

242 The Churches of Derby

The Bridges of Nottingham

242 Industrial Features of Derby

247

The Hosiery 'Trade in Nottingham

242 Connection of Derby with the Strutts

248

Peculiar Character of Nottingham

212 The Arboretum

248

Kirke White connected with Nottingham

243 Account of the Opening of the Arboretum

251

Nottingham Park, the Sand Field, Nottingham Forest, Arrangements of the Arboretum .

. 251

Mapperley Plain, the Clay Field, the East Croft, and Manufacturing Villages on the Derwent

252

the Meadows

243 Darley, Belper, and Milford

252

Notables in the Neighbourhood of Nottingham 243 Cromford, and its connection with Arkwright

252

Manufacturing Parishes around Nottingham

244 The Butterley Iron Works

252

Wollaton House

244 The Ripley Iron Works

252

The Great Hall of Wollaton House .

244 Principal Mansions around Derby

255

The Bobbin-net Manufacture

245 Derby the Parent of the Silk Manufacture of England 255

Difference between hand-made Lace and machine-made The Characteristics of Raw and Thrown Silk

255

Net

245 Narrative of the Introduction of Silk-throwing into Eng-

Rise of the Bobbin-net Trade

245 land

255

Mr. M‘Culloch and Dr. Ure on the Bobbin-net Mania 245 Hutton's Account of the Fate of John Lombe

256

L'sages of the Bobbin-net Trade

245 Little Change in the Old Mill at Derby since its erec-

Processes of Bobbin-net Manufacture

216 tion

256

The Four Groups in Nottingham Industry

246 | Hutton's Account of his first year in a Silk-mill 256

The · Mistress' System

246 | Silk Hosiery

· 256

.

.

.

.

Desirableness of a Tour in Ireland

257 The Liffey

267

The First Glimpse of Ireland

257 The Custom-House

268

Dublin Bay

258 The Four Courts

268

The Dublin Cars and Carmen

258 Interior of an Irish Court of Law .

. 269

General Character of Dublin

258 | The Linen Hall

270

The History of Dublin involved in the General History The King's Inns

270

of Ireland

259 The Dublin Railway-station

270

The Streets of Dublin

259 The Royal Hospital

270

Sackville Street

259 Swift's Hospital

270

The Nelson Column

259 The Squares of Dublin .

270

The Post-Office

260 Phænix Park .

271

View of Dublin from Carlisle Bridge

260 | The Wellington Testimovial

271

College Green

260 View from Dunsink Hill

271

The Old Parliament-House, now the Bank

260 | The Strawberry Beds

. 271

M'Glashan's Description of the Exterior of the Bank 260 | The Strawberry Fairs

271

260 Noticeable Localities in the Neighbourhood of Dublin 272

Architecture and Buildings of Trinity College 263 The Villages of Clondalkin and Glasnevin

273

The Royal Irish Academy

263 Clontarf and Brian the Brave

273

The Royal Dublin Society

263 The Hill of Howth

273

Statue of William III.

264 Howth Harbour

. 273

The Situation of Dublin Castle

. 264 Malahide.

273

The Present Castle

264 Swords and its Antiquities

274

The Chapel Royal

264 Advantages offered by the Dublin and Kingstown Rail-

The Royal Exchange

265

way for Pleasure Excursions

274

Dirt and Misery of the old City .

265 Change of Dunleary into Kingstown

274

St. Patrick's Cathedral

266 Kingstown Harbour

274

Noticeable Monuments in St. Patrick's Cathedral. 266 Ancient Remains at Dalkey

274

Christ Church Cathedral

266 Dalkey Island

274

St. Andrew's, St. Michan's, st. Anne's, and st. George's View from Killiney

Hill

275

Churches

· 266 Means of Conveyance in Wicklow

275

The Roman Catholic Churches .

267 Bray

275

The Church of the Conception

267 Principal Mansions around Bray

• 276

St. Andrew's Chapel

267 | The Dargle

276

An Irish Funeral

267 | The Lover's Leap

276

.