CRIME.

their religious controversies the people of New England had always been accustomed to stand on points; and when Lord North undertook to tax them, then they stood on points also.-It so happened, fortunately, that their opposition to Lord North was a point on which they were all united. -Daniel Webster.

The weakest part of a man's creed is that which he holds for himself aloue; the strongest is that which he holds in common with all Christendom.-Me Vickar.

CRIME. (See "CONCEALMENT.") Society prepares the crime; the criminal commits it.

Heaven will permit no man to secure happiness by crime.-Alfieri.

Whenever man commits a crime heaven finds a witness.-Bulwer.

Of all the adult male criminals in London, not two in a hundred have entered upon a course of crime who have lived an honest life up to the age of twenty.-Almost all who enter on a course of crime do so between the ages of eight and sixteen.-Shaftesbury.

Crimes sometimes shock us too much; vices almost always too little.-Hare.

Small crimes always precede great ones. Never have we seen timid innocence pass suddenly to extreme licentiousness.-Racine.

Fear follows crime, and is its punishment. - Voltaire.

The contagion of crime is like that of the plague. Criminals collected together corrupt each other. They are worse than ever when, at the termination of their punishment, they return to society.-Napoleon.

Those who are themselves incapable of great crimes, are ever backward to suspect others.-Rochefoucauld.

It is supposable that in the eyes of angels, a struggle down a dark lane and a battle of Leipsic differ in nothing but in degree of wickedness.- Willmott.

There is no den in the wide world to hide a rogue.--Commit a crime and the earth is made of glass.-Commit a crime, and it seems as if a coat of snow fell on the ground, such as reveals in the woods the track of every partridge, and fox, and squirrel.-Emerson.

If poverty is the mother of crimes, want of sense is the father of them.-Bruyère.

Man's crimes are his worst enemies, following him like shadows, till they drive his steps into the pit he dug.-Creon.

We easily forget crimes that are known only to ourselves.-Rochefoucauld.

Crimes lead into one another.-They who are capable of being forgers, are capable of being incendiaries.-Burke.

Crime is not punished as an offence against God, but as prejudicial to society.— Froude.

The villainy you teach me I will execute; and it shall go hard but I will better the instruction.-Shakespeare.

For the credit of virtue it must be admitted that the greatest evils which befall mankind are caused by their crimes.Rochefoucauld.

CRITICISM.-Criticism, as it was first instituted by Aristotle, was meant as a standard of judging well.-Johnson.

Criticism is the child and handmaid of reflection. It works by censure, and censure implies a standard.-R. G. White.

It is ridiculous for any man to criticise the works of another if he has not distinguished himself by his own performances.— Addison.

Criticism is as often a trade as a science; requiring more health than wit, more labor than capacity, more practice than genius.— Bruyère.

Criticism often takes from the tree caterpillars and blossoms together.-Richter.

It is easy to criticise an author, but difficult to appreciate him.- Vauvenargues,

Ten censure wrong, for one that writes amiss.-Pope.

Silence is sometimes the severest criticism.-Charles Buxton.

Neither praise nor blame is the object of true criticism.-Justly to discriminate, firmly to establish, wisely to prescribe, and honestly to award-these are the true aims and duties of criticism.-Simms.

It is a maxim with me, that no man was ever written out of a reputation but by himself.-Bentley.

Of all the cants in this canting world, deliver me from the cant of criticism.Sterne.

Doubtless criticism was originally benignant, pointing out the beauties of a work rather than its defects.-The passions of men have made it malignant, as the bad heart of Procrustes turned the bed, the symbol of repose, into an instrument of torture.-Longfellow.

The most noble criticism is that in which the critic is not the antagonist so much as the rival of the author.-Disraeli.

CRITICS.

It is quite cruel that a poet cannot wander through his regions of enchantment without having a critic, forever, like the old man of the sea, upon his back.-Moore.

Get your enemies to read your works in order to mend them; for your friend is 30 much your second self that he will judge too much like you.-Pope.

Is it in destroying and pulling down that skill is displayed?-The shallowest understanding, the rudest hand, is more than equal to that task.-Burke.

The pleasure of criticism takes from us that of being deeply moved by very beautiful things. Bruyère.

It is a barren kind of criticism which tells you what a thing is not.-R. W. Griswold.

The legitimate aim of criticism is to direct attention to the excellent.-The bad will dig its own grave, and the imperfect may safely be left to that final neglect from which no amount of present undeserved popularity can rescue it.-Bovee.

The opinion of the great body of the reading public is very materially influenced even by the unsupported assertions of those who assume a right to criticise.Macaulay.

The strength of criticism lies only in the weakness of the thing criticised.--Longfel

low.

CRITICS.-Critics are sentinels in the grand army of letters, stationed at the corners of newspapers and reviews, to challenge every new author.-Longfellow.

There is scarcely a good critic of books born in our age, and yet every fool thinks himself justified in criticising persons.Bulwer.

Critics must excuse me if I compare them to. certain animals called asses, who, by gnawing vines, originally taught the great advantage of pruning them.-Shenstone.

The eyes of critics, whether in commending or carping, are both on one side, like those of a turbot.-Landor.

A spirit of criticism, if indulged in, leads to a censoriousness of disposition that is destructive of all nobler feeling. The man who lives to find fault has a miserable mission.

Some critics are like chimney-sweepers; they put out the fire below, and frighten the swallows from their nests above; they scrape a long time in the chimney, cover themselves with soot, and bring nothing away but a bag of cinders, and then sing

out from the top of the house, as if they had built it.-Longfellow.

The critical faculty has its value in correcting errors, reforming abuses, and demolishing superstitions.-But the constructive faculty is much nobler in itself, and immeasurably more valuable in its results, for the obvious reason that it is a much nobler and better thing to build up than to pull down.-It requires skill and labor to erect a building, but any idle tramp can burn it down.-Only God can form and paint a flower, but any foolish child can pull it to pieces.-J. M. Gibson.

It behooves the minor critic, who hunts for blemishes, to be a little distrustful of his own sagacity.-Junius.

To be a mere verbal critic is what no man of genius would be if he could: but to be a critic of true taste and feeling, is what no man without genius could be if he would.Colton.

Critics are a kind of freebooters in the republic of letters, who, like deer, goats, and diverse other graminivorous animals, gain subsistence by gorging upon buds and leaves of the young shrubs of the forest, thereby robbing them of their verdure and retarding their progress to maturity.— Washington Irving.

He, whose first emotion on the view of an excellent production is to undervalue it, will never have one of his own to show.— Aikin.

The severest critics are always those who have either never attempted, or who have failed in original composition.—Hazlitt.

Of all mortals a critic is the silliest; for, inuring himself to examine all things, whether they are of consequence or not, he never looks upon anything but with a design of passing sentence upon it; by which means he is never a companion, but always a censor.-Steele.

There are some critics who change everything that comes under their hands to gold ; but to this privilege of Midas they join sometimes his ears.-J. P. Senn.

CROSS.-The cross is the only ladder high enough to touch Heaven's threshold.— G. D. Boardman.

The greatest of all crosses is self.-If we die in part every day, we shall have but little to do on the last.-These little daily deaths will destroy the power of the final dying.Fenelon.

Carry the cross patiently, and with perfect submission; and in the end it shall carry you. Thomas à Kempis.

CRUELTY.

While to the reluctant the cross is too heavy to be borne, it grows light to the heart of willing trust.

The cross of Christ, on which he was extended, points, in the length of it, to heaven and earth, reconciling them together; and in the breadth of it, to former and following ages, as being equally salvation to both.

The cross of Christ is the sweetest burden that I ever bore; it is such a burden as wings are to a bird, or sails to a ship, to carry me forward to my harbor.-Rutherford.

CRUELTY. All cruelty springs from hard-heartedness and weakness.-Seneca.

I would not enter on my list of friends the man who needlessly sets foot upon a worm.-Cowper.

Cruelty and fear shake hands together.Balzac.

Man's inhumanity to man, makes countless thousands mourn.-Burns.

Cruelty, like every other vice, requires no motive outside of itself; it only requires opportunity.-George Eliot.

One of the ill effects of cruelty is that it makes the by-standers cruel.-Buxton.

Cruelty to dumb animals is one of the distinguishing vices of the lowest and basest of the people.-Wherever it is found, it is a certain mark of ignorance and meanness.-Jones of Nayland.

Detested sport, that owes its pleasures to another's pain.—Cowper.

CULTIVATION.

The highest purpose of intellectual cultivation is, to give a man a perfect knowledge and mastery of his own inner self.-Novalis.

Virtue and talents, though allowed their due consideration, yet are not enough to procure a man a welcome wherever he comes. Nobody contents himself with rough diamonds, or wears them so. When polished and set, then they give a lustre.— Locke.

It matters little whether a man be mathematically, or philologically, or artistically cultivated, so he be but cultivated.-Goethe.

Partial culture runs to the ornate; extreme culture to simplicity.--Bovee.

It is very rare to find ground which produces nothing.-If it is not covered with flowers, fruit-trees, and grains, it produces briars and pines.-It is the same with man; if he is not virtuous, he becomes vicious.Bruyère.

Cultivation to the mind, is as necessary as food to the body.-Cicero.

That is true cultivation which gives us sympathy with every form of human life, and enables us to work most successfully for its advancement. Refinement that carries us away from our fellow-men is not God's refinement.-H. W. Beecher.

As the soil, however rich it may be, cannot be productive without culture, so the mind, without cultivation, can never produce good fruit.-Seneca.

I am very sure that any man of common understanding may, by culture, care, attention, and labor, make himself whatever he pleases, except a great poet.-Chesterfield.

Whatever expands the affections, or enlarges the sphere of our sympathies-whatever makes us feel our relation to the universe and all that it inherits in time and in eternity, and to the great and beneficent cause of all, must unquestionably refine our nature, and elevate us in the scale of being. Channing.

CUNNING. (See "KNAVERY.")

Cunning is the ape of wisdom.--Locke. Cunning signifies, especially, a habit or gift of overreaching, accompanied with enjoyment and a sense of superiority.-It is associated with small and dull conceit, and with an absolute want of sympathy or affection. It is the intensest rendering of vulgarity, absolute and utter.-Ruskin.

Cleverness and cunning are incompatible. -I never saw them united.-The latter is the resource of the weak, and is only natural to them.-Children and fools are always cunning, but clever people never.-Byron,

Cunning is none of the best nor worst qualities; it floats between virtue and vice: there is scarce any exigence where it may not, and perhaps ought not to be supplied by prudence. Bruyère.

Cunning pays no regard to virtue, and is but the low inimic of wisdom.-Bolingbroke.

The greatest of all cunning is to seem blind to the snares which we know are laid for us; men are never so easily deceived as while they are endeavoring to deceive others.-Rochefoucauld.

The certain way to be cheated is to fancy one's self more cunning than others.Charron.

CURIOSITY.

Cunning has effect from the credulity of others. It requires no extraordinary talents to lie and deceive.-Johnson.

We should do by our cunning as we do by our courage,-always have it ready to defend ourselves, never to offend others.Greville.

Cunning is only the mimic of discretion, and may pass upon weak men, as vivacity is often mistaken for wit, and gravity for wisdom.--Addison.

Cunning leads to knavery.-It is but a step from one to the other, and that very slippery.-Only lying makes the difference; add that to cunning, and it is knavery.Bruyère.

We take cunning for a sinister or crooked wisdom, and certainly there is a great difference between a cunning man and a wise man, not only in point of honesty, but in point of ability.-Bacon.

The common practice of cunning is the sign of a small genius.-It almost always happens that those who use it to cover themselves in one place, lay themselves open in another.-Rochefoucauld.

In a great business there is nothing so fatal as cunning management.—Junius.

The very cunning conceal their cunning; the indifferently shrewd boast of it.-Bovee. A cunning man overreaches no one half as much as himself.-H. W. Beecher.

The most sure way of subjecting yourself to be deceived, is to consider yourself more cunning than others.-Rochefoucauld.

Discretion is the perfection of reason, and a guide to us in all the duties of life; cunning is a kind of instinct, that only looks out after our immediate interests and welfare. Discretion is only found in men of strong sense and good understanding; cunning is often to be met with in brutes themselves, and in persons who are but the fewest removes from them.-Bruyère.

All my own experience of life teaches me the contempt of cunning, not the fear. The phrase "profound cunning" has always seemed to me a contradiction in terms. I never knew a cunning mind which was not either shallow, or, on some points, diseased. Mrs. Jameson.

CURIOSITY.-The first and simplest emotion which we discover in the human mind, is curiosity.-Burke.

Seize the moment of excited curiosity on any subject, to solve your doubts; for if you let it pass, the desire may never return, and you may remain in ignorance.-W. Wirt.

Curiosity in children is but an appetite for knowledge. One great reason why children abandon themselves wholly to silly pursuits and trifle away their time insipidly is, because they find their curiosity balked, and their inquiries neglected.— Locke,

Men are more inclined to ask curious questions, than to obtain necessary instruction.-Quesnel.

The over curious are not over wise.Massinger.

Curiosity is as much the parent of attention, as attention is of memory.— Whately.

No heart is empty of the humor of curiosity, the beggar being as attentive, in his station, to an increase of knowledge, as the prince.-Osborn.

How many a noble art, now widely known, owes its young impulse to this power alone. -Sprague.

Eve, with all the fruits of Eden blest, save only one, rather than leave that one unknown, lost all the rest.-Moore.

Avoid him who, for mere curiosity, asks three questions running about a thing that cannot interest him.-Lavater.

Curiosity is a kernel of the forbidden fruit which still sticketh in the throat of a natural man, sometimes to the danger of his choking.-Fuller.

There are different kinds of curiosity; one of interest, which causes us to learn that which would be useful to us; and the other of pride, which springs from a desire to know that of which others are ignorant. Rochefoucauld.

Curiosity is one of the permanent and certain characteristics of a vigorous intellect.-Every advance into knowledge opens new prospects and produces new incitements to further progress.-Johnson.

The curiosity of an honorable mind willingly rests where the love of truth does not urge it further onward and the love of its neighbor bids it stop.-In other words, it willingly stops at the point where the interests of truth do not beckon it onward, and charity cries "Halt."-Coleridge.

Inquisitive people are the funnels of conversation; they do not take anything for their own use, but merely to pass it on to others.-Steele.

The gratification of curiosity rather frees us from uneasiness, than confers pleasure. We are more pained by ignorance, than delighted by instruction.-Curiosity is the thirst of the soul.-Johnson.

A person who is too nice an observer of the business of the crowd, like one who is

CURSES.

too curious in observing the labor of bees, will often be stung for his curiosity.-Pope.

I loathe that low vice, curiosity.--Byron. Curiosity is looking over other people's affairs, and overlooking our own.-H. L. Wayland.

What a vast deal of time and ease that man gains who is not troubled with the spirit of impertinent curiosity about others; who lets his neighbor's thoughts and behavior alone; who confines his inspections to himself, and cares chiefly for his own duty and conscience.

CURSES.-Dinna curse him, sir; I have heard it said that a curse was like a stone flung up to the heavens, and most likely to return on the head of him that sent it.. Walter Scott.

Curses are like young chickens, and still come home to roost.-Bulwer.

CUSTOM. (See "FASHION.")

Custom is the universal sovereign.Pindar.

The way of the world is to make laws, but follow customs.-Montaigne.

Custom is often only the antiquity of error.-Cyprian.

Custom may lead a man into many errors, but it justifies none.-Fielding.

Custom is the law of fools.- Vanbrugh.

Choose always the way that seems best, however rough it may be, and custom will soon render it easy and agreeable.-Pythagoras.

Custom doth make dotards of us all.— Carlyle.

There is no tyrant like custom, and no freedom where its edicts are not resisted.Bovee.

As the world leads, we follow.-Seneca.

Men commonly think according to their inclinations, speak according to their learning and imbibed opinions, but generally act according to custom.-Bacon.

In this great society wide lying around us, a critical analysis would find very few spontaneous actions. It is almost all custom and gross sense.-Emerson.

The influence of custom is incalculable; dress a boy as a man, and he will at once change his conception of himself.-B. St. John.

New customs, thongh they be never so ridiculous, nay, let them be unmanly, yet are followed.-Shakespeare.

There are not unfrequently substantial

The despotism of custom is on the wane.-We are not-content to know that things are; we ask whether they ought to be.-J. S. Mill.

Man yields to custom, as he bows to fate-in all things ruled, mind, body, and estate.-Crabbe.

CYNICS.-It will generally be found that those who sneer habitually at human nature, and affect to despise it, are among its worst and least pleasant samples.Dickens.

Don't be a cynic, and bewail and bemoan.-Omit the negative propositions.— Don't waste yourself in rejection, nor bark against the bad, but chant the beauty of the good.-Set down nothing that will help somebody.-Emerson.

The cynic is one who never sees a good quality in a man, and never fails to see a bad one. He is the human owl, vigilant in darkness and blind to light, mousing for vermin, and never seeing noble game.-H. W. Beecher.

To admire nothing is the motto which men of the world always affect.-They think it vulgar to wonder or be enthusiastic. They have so much corruption and charlatanism, that they think the credit of all high qualities must be delusive.Brydges.

D.

DANCING. The gymnasium of running, walking on stilts, climbing, etc., steels and makes hardy single powers and