The Proceedings of the Third American Peace Congress, held in Baltimore, Maryland, May 3-6, 1911, make a substantial volume of 504 pages (Waverly Pres", Baltimore, Md.). The papers are edited by Eugene A. Noble, Chairman of the Publications Committee. Mr. Theodore Marburg furnishes a chapter entitled "Philosophy of the Third American Peace Congress," in which the leading ideas in the various addresses are summarized.

Political Unions is the title of the Creighton lecture delivered in the University of London, November 8, 1911, by H. A. L. Fisher. (Oxford: Clarendon Press. 1911. Pp. 31).

In the tenth issue of The Canadian Annual Review of Public Affairs (Toronto: Annual Review Publishing Co., 1911. Pp. 648) the editor J. Castell Hopkins, covers in a most satisfactory manner the public happenings in the Dominion for the year 1910-those relating to Dominion politics, to Provincial politics, to the economic and social life of the country, and to Canada's relations to the Empire. Among the topics discussed are the Navy Act of 1910, Sir Wilfred Laurier's tour of Canada beyond the Great Lakes, the increased cost of living, the policies and activities of the Canadian Manufacturers' Association, labor organizations, the work and mission of the Canadian Clubs, and the socialist movement in the Dominion. There is an excellent index.

The Report of the Employers' Liability and Workmen's Compensation Commission of the State of Michigan (Lansing, 1911, pp. 152) contains much valuable information concerning industrial accidents and their compensation in Michigan. The commission recommended the enactment of an optional compensation law.

The Massachusetts Commission on Minimum Wage Boards submitted in January a report which constitutes a real contribution to the subject. Careful investigations were made of women's wages, the conditions of their work, and the cost of living. The commission recommended the establishment of a permanent minimum wage commission, with power to establish minimum wages for women and minors in any employment, after an investigation and recommendation. by a wage board.

Professor E. R. A. Seligman has edited a revised edition with new material, of the report on the Social Evil (Putnam's, 1912) first prepared in 1902 under the direction of the Committee of Fifteen. The original report, with the recommendation of the committee, are reprinted without changes. The new matter includes three chapters (forming Part III) on the development during the decade 1902–1912, dealing with the European movement, the white slave traffic in Europe and America, and two years progress in the United States, with an appendix on the sanitary supervision of prostitution and a somewhat comprehensive bibliography.

The Yale University Press has published in book form an essay on Alexander Hamilton, by William S. Culbertson, Ph. D., which won the John A. Porter Prize in 1910.

Four Aspects of American Development is a series of four lectures delivered by John Bassett Moore of Columbia University at the Johns Hopkins University, dealing with Federation, Democracy, Imperialism and Expansion.

Volume XXIX, No. 1 (Jan.-Feb.-March, 1912) of the Revue du Droit Public et de la Science Politique contains, in French translation, the full text of the Greek constitution as amended last year.

Among recent books of interest to political scientists are: Government by all the People, by Delos F. Wilcox (Macmillan); Concentration and Control; A Solution of the Trust Problem, by Charles R. Van Hise (Macmillan); The Supreme Court and the Constitution, by Charles A. Beard (Macmillan).

Professor Frank A. Updyke, who was a member of the recent New Hampshire Constitutional Convention, has prepared a pamphlet containing Suggestions for Applying the Short Ballot Principle in New Hampshire (New Hampshire Short Ballot Organization. Pp. 31). New Hampshire already possesses a comparatively short ballot, but Professor Updyke proposes a reduction of elective officers, both state and local so that the voters may have not more than six offices to fill at any one election.

The Oberlin College Civic Club prepared and distributed, for use in the primary election of May 21, a pamphlet giving the records and

qualifications of Candidates Seeking Nomination and Election in Lorain County, Ohio. The statements regarding candidates were prepared in an impartial manner, somewhat after the manner of those issued by the Municipal Voters' League of Chicago, and are said to have had a good deal of influence in the primary election. This is one of the first cases in which college students have undertaken work of this character, and the success at Oberlin College should inspire students in other colleges to undertake similar tasks.

The author

Die Entwickelung des Wahlrechts in Frankreich seit 1789, by Dr. Adolf Tecklenburg (Tübingen, J. C. B. Mohr, 1911, pp. xiv, 264) is a systematic history of the electoral franchise in France. devotes some attention to the subject before the French Revolution, and gives a full discussion of electoral changes down to the present time. A good deal of attention is given to the movement for proportional representation.

Dr. X. S. Combothecra, the author of Conception juridique de l'Etat, which appeared in 1899, has published a new essay in political theory entitled La conception juridique des regimes etatiques. (Paris: Larose et Tenin, 1912. Pp. 126.) The work is devoted to a careful analysis of governments of the chief nations of the world with a view to a classification of them according to their fundamental characteristics. A considerable portion of the study is given over to a criticism of the classifications of other writers.

A recent addition to the "Countries and Peoples Series" published by Scribner's Sons is Japan of the Japanese, by Joseph H. Longford, formerly English consul at Nagasaki and now Professor of Japanese at Kings College. The description of the social classes and customs and of the language and literature of the country is excellent. Special chapters are devoted to the Press, the Civil and Criminal Law, and to Police and Prison. The government and politics of Japan receive, however, no direct treatment.

Under the title Le Facteur Économique dans l'Avenèment de la Democratie Moderne en Suisse, Vol. I. L'Agriculture a la fin de l'Ancien Regimè, (Geneva: Georg & Co., 1912. 8vo. 235 pp.) William E. Rappard presents the first part of a larger work which shall eventually describe the relations of the modern industrial revolution to the growth

of self government in Switzerland. The economic changes were predominately industrial, but so intimately connected with agriculture that the study begins appropriately with the productions of the soil in the closing period of the old system.

The second edition of Ernest Lemonon's L'Europe et la politique britannique, has appeared from the press of Fèlix Alcan (1912. Pp. 524). In a supplementary chapter of thirty pages the constitutional crisis in England, 1909-1911, is discussed with judgment and lucidity. The first edition of this excellent work was issued in 1909.

The fifth volume of La vie politique dans les deux mondes, edited by A. Viallate and M. Caudel, and covering the period from October 1, 1910 to September 30, 1911, has made its appearance from the press of Fèlix Alcan. Besides chapters dealing individually with the different countries and groups of countries, for the most part by well known authors, André Tardieu furnishes an introductory essay on the international politics of the year. There are also chapters dealing especially with international treaties and conventions, economic interests and the socialistic movement. References, whenever necessary, to earlier volumes of the series increase the value of this admirable survey of the politics of the year.

The Modern Woman's Rights Movement, by Dr. Kaethe Schirmacher has been translated from the German by Dr. C. C. Eckhardt of the University of Colorado (New York: The Macmillan Co. 1912. pp. xvi, 280). Dr. Schirmacher takes up each country separately, and gives numerous details regarding the social, economic and political position. of women. Perhaps the most serious criticism of the book is that it is too much a compilation of detailed facts, or in some cases of statements not of fact but of what the author supposes to be such. Many of the statements are irrelevant, some are clearly incorrect. The book nowhere gives a clear statement of the advances made in recent times by women in our social and political life. The field is still open for a work which shall satisfactorily treat the subject with which this book deals.

The Reform of Legal Procedure, by Moorfield Storey (Yale University Press, pp. vii, 263), is a sane and well-balanced discussion, in nontechnical language, of the defects in our present system of legal pro

cedure. Only when the author refers to Mr. Roosevelt does he lose control of a calm and self-possessed style. The text of the book was first presented in the form of lectures before the Yale University Law School, on the William L. Storrs foundation. Mr. Storey presents nothing that is novel or sensational, but sets forth clearly the need for reform, and his book should be read widely among lawyers. In order to improve our judicial system he suggests among other things a simplified and non-technical procedure, the concentration of greater power in the hands of judges, an appointive judiciary and higher judicial salaries, the reduction of the number of appeals, and prohibition of reversals except for substantial error.

Professor H. Berthélemy and G. Jèze of the University of Paris have prepared an interesting memoire on the power of courts to declare laws unconstitutional, and the essential part of this memoire has been published in the Revue du Droit Public et de la Science Politique (vol. xxix, no. 1. Jan.-Feb.-March, 1912). This memoire was presented to the second chamber of the Roumanian Court of Ilfov, and resulted in a declaration by this court that an act of the Roumanian parliament was unconstitutional. Professors Berthélemy and Jèze state the theory of judicial power to declare laws unconstitutional in its baldest form, and their arguments add nothing to those already known in this country, but the rather full discussion of judicial power in other countries is of great value. In spite of numerous errors the memoire is of sufficient importance to deserve translation into English.

Mr. R. W. Seton-Watson has recently added two books to his already numerous contributions upon Austro-Hungarian politics. Corruption and Reform in Hungary: A Study of Electoral Practice (London, Constable, 1911, pp.xvi, 197) is in the main a discussion of particular cases of electoral abuses practiced in non-Magyar districts, and does not present a clear account of present electoral methods and of proposed reforms in Hungary. The book is characterized throughout by the author's strong sympathy for the non-Magyar races. The Southern Slav Question and the Habsburg Monarchy (London, Constable, 1911), advocates Serbo-Croatian unity under the Hapsburg sway, with close relations between the Hapsburg monarchy and Servia and Montenegro. The book is written in a partisan tone, but is valuable.