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last, you are the tyrant, the madman; thus you do not work it right.

3. Hear what the Prompter says. Never strike in a passion; never punish him for accidental mischief; never fail to punish him for obstinate disobedience, and wilful mischief; and a word to you in particular; when you have real cause to correct him, never cease, till his temper. gives way, and he becomes really submissive. A single blow or two only raises his anger and increases wilful obstinacy; if you quit him then, you do hurt, rather than good. But if you continue to apply the rod, till his mind bends and softens down to humble supplication, believe me, that child will rarely or never want a second correction; the Prompter has tried it in repeated instances.

4. But, say some folks, the rod should be sparingly used. True, but as most people use it, one correction only makes way for another, and frequent whippings harden the child, till they have no effect. Now mind the Prompter. Two simple rules, if observed, will prevent this. 1st. Never punish a child when it does not deserve it. 2d. When he does deserve it, make the first punishment EFFECTUAL.

If you strike a child for accidental mischief, or for what he does ignorantly, or in good humour, the child is not conscious he has done wrong; he is grieved at first; if such punishment is frequent, it excites indignation; he is angry with his parent, and thinks him cruel; then correction does more hurt than good, and all this because parents do not qwork it right.

5. I sincerely believe that nine times out of ten, the bad conduct of children is owing to parents! yet parents father most of it upon Adam and old Nick. Parents then do not work it right; they work it thus- -a child wants an apple, and a child is governed by appetite, not by reason; the parent says he must not have it; but he says it with a simple,unmeaning tone of voice, that makes no impression upon the child. The child cries for the apple; the parent is angry, and tells him, he sha'nt have the apple; the child bawls, and perhaps strikes his little brother, or throws down a glass in anger. At this the parent is tired with the noise, and to appease the child, gives him the apple. Does this parent work it right?

6. So far from it,that he loses the little authority he had

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over the child. The order of things is changed. The child is the master; and when the child has been master a few months, you may as well break his neck as his will. A thousand lashes on a young master's back will not do so much as one decisive command, before he becomes master of his parents.

7. Now listen to my advice, the idea is new. A child does not regard so much what a parent says, as how he says it. A child looks at a parent's eye, when he speaks, and then he reads intuitively what his parent means, and how much he means. If a parent speak with an air of indifference, without emphasis, or look another way when he speaks, the child pays but little, or no regard to what he says. I speak of a child over whom a parent has not yet established an authority. But if a parent,when he commands a child to do or not to do, looks at him with the eye of com mand, and speaks with a tone and an air of decision and authority, the child is impressed with this manner of commanding, and will seldom venture to disobey.

8 Asteady, uniform authority of this kind, which never varies from its purpose, which never gives way to the caprices or appetites of children, which carries every command into effect, will prevent the necessity of a rod. Fam bold to say, that a parent, who has this steady authority, will never have occasion to correct a child of common sensibility; and never but once, a child of uncommon obstinacy. This is the way every parent and master should work it.

CHAPTER LV.

PLEASURE AND PAIN.

1. THERE were two families, which from the beginning of the world were as opposite to each other as light and darkness. The one of them lived in Paradise, the other in the regions below. The youngest descendant of the first family was Pleasure, who was the daughter of Happiness, who was the child of Virtue, who was the off spring of the gods. These, as I said before, had their habitation in Paradise. The youngest of the opposite family was Pain, who was the son of Misery, who was the child of Vice, who was the offspring of the Furies. The habita tion of this race of beings was in the lower regionss

2. The middle station of nature between these two opposite extremes was the Earth,which was inhabited by creatures of the middle kind, neither so virtuous as the one, nor so vicious as the other, but partaking of the good and bad qualities of those two opposite families. Jupiter, considering that the species commonly called man, was too virtuous to be miserable, and too vicious to be happy; that he might make a distinction between the good and the bad, ordered the two youngest of the above mentioned families, Pleasure, who was the daughter of Happiness, and Pain, who was the son of Misery, to meet one another upon this part of nature which lay in the half-way between them, having promised to settle it upon them both, provided they could agree upon the division of it, so as to share mankind between them

3 Pleasure and Pain were no sooner met in their new habitation, but they immediately agreed upon this point, that Pleasure should take possession of the virtuous, and Pain of the vicious part of that species, which was given up to them. But upon examining to which of them any individual they met with belonged, they found each of them had a right to him; for that, contrary to what they had seen, in their old places of residence, there was no person so vicious who had not some good in him, nor any person so virtuous who had not in him some evil. The truth of it is, they generally found upon search, thất In the most vicious man pleasure might lay claim to an hundreth part, and that in the most virtuous man Pain might come in for at least two thirds.

4. This they saw would occasion endless disputes between them, unless they could come to some accommodation. To this end'there was a marriage proposed between them, and at length concluded. By this means it is that we find Pleasure and Pain to be such constant yoke fellows, and that they either make their visits together, or are never far asunder. If Pain comes into a heart, he is quickly followed by Pleasure; and if Pleasure enters, you may be sure Pain is not afar off.

5. But notwithstanding this marriage was very convenient for the two parties, it did not seem to answer the intention of Jupiter in sending them among mankind. To remedy therefore this inconvenience, it was stipulated

between them by article, and confirmed by the consent of each family, that notwithstanding they here possessed the species indifferently, upon the death of every single person, if he was found to have in him a certain proportion of Evil, he should be despatched into the infernal regions by a passport from Pain, there to dwell with Misery, Vice, and the Furies. Or on the contrary, if he had in him a certain proportion of Good, he should be despatched into heaven by a passport from Pleasure, there. to dwell with Virtue, Happiness, and the Gods.

CHAPTER LVI.

NATURE AND EDUCATION -A Fable.

1. NATURE and Education were one day walking to gether through a nursery of trees. See, says Nature, how straight and fine those firs grow; that is my doing.! But as to those oaks, they are all stinted and crooked; that, my good sister, is your fault. You have planted them too close, and not pruned them properly. Nay, sister, said Education, I am sure I have taken all possible pains about them; but you gave me bad acorns, so how should they ever make fine trees?

2. The dispute grew warm; and at length, instead of blaming one another for negligence, they began to boast of their own powers, and to challenge each other to a contest for the superiority. It was agreed that each should adopt-a favourite, and rear it up in spite of all the ill-offices of her opponent. Nature fixed upon a vigorous young pine, the parent of which had grown to be the main-mast of a man of war. Do what you will to this plant, said she to her sister, I am resolved to push it up as straight as an arrow, Education took under her care a crab-tree. This, said she, I will rear to be at least as valuable as your pine.

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3. Both went to work. While Nature was feeding her pine with plenty of nutritive juices, Education passed a strong rope round its top, and pulling it downwards with all her force, fastened it to the trunk of a neighbouring oak. The pine laboured to ascend, but not being able to surmount the obstacle, it pushed out to one side, and presently became bent like a bow. Still, such was its vigor, that its top, descending as low as its branches, made

new shoot upwards; but its beauty and usefulness were quite destroyed.

4. The crab-tree cost Education much toil and trouble. She pruned, and pruned again, and endeavoured to bring it into shape, but all in vain. Nature thrust out a bough this way, and a knot that way, and would not push a single shoot upwards. The trunk was, indeed, kept tolerably straight by constant efforts; but the head grew awry and ill-fashioned, and made a shabby figure. At length Ed.cation, despairing to make a sightly plant of it, ingrafted the stock of an apple, and brought it to bear good fruit. 5. At the end of the experiment, the sisters met to compare their respective success. Ah! sister, said Nature, I see it is in your power to spoil the best of my works. Ah! sister, said Education, it is a hard matter to contend against you; however, something may be done by taking pains enough.

CHAPTER LVII.

THE FORCE OF CONSCIENCE.

1. A JEWELLER, a man of reputation and consider able wealth, having occasion in the way of his business to travel at some distance from the place of his abode, took with him a servant, in order to take care of his portmanteau. He had with him some of his best jewels, and a large sum of money, to which his servant was likewise privy; the master having occasion to dismount on the road, the servant watching his opportunity, took a pistol from his master's saddle, and shot him dead on the spot ; then rifling him of his jewels and money, and hanging a large stone to his neck, threw him into the nearest canal.

2. With this booty he made off to a distant part of the country, where he had reason to believe that neither he nor his master were known. There he began to trade in a very low way at first, that his obscurity might screen him from observation, and in the course of several years, seemed to rise by the natural progress of business, into wealth and consideration; so that his good fortune appeared at once the effect and reward of industry and virtue.

3. Of these he counterfeited the appearance so well, that he grew into great credit, married into a reputable family, and by laying out his sudden stores discreetly, as

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