Carey, James B., secretary-treasurer, Congress of Industrial Organizations, letter of, to Philip R. Rodgers, committee clerk, enclosing list of names of foreign officials with whom he discussed compulsory insurance_. Davis, Michael M., Ph. D., chairman, Committee for the Nation's Health, Chart entitled "Medical Expenditures in Relation to Family Income"-- Donnell, Hon. Forrest C., a United States Senator from the State of American Historical Association, booklet prepared by, for United 1609 1609 1584 Association of American Physicians and Surgeons, resolution of, in op- 1547 Data on, derived from report of the Special Committee on Un- American Activities of the House of Representatives, Seventy- Film strip by, entitled, "Medical Insurance a Pathway to House Report No. 786, Eightieth Congress, First Intermediate Report 1196 Mitchell, William L., Acting Commissioner for Social Security, Social 1316 January 4, 1947, Hiatus in Sickness Insurance-Favorable Shearon, Marjorie, Ph. D., letter to, from J. P. S. Jamieson, M. D., Nelson, New Zealand, in re New Zealand social-security medical Hansen, Horace R., general counsel, Cooperative Health Federation of America, St. Paul, Minn., insertion of: Cooperative Health Federation of America: Board of directors, statement of, entitled, “Specific Provisions Resolutions adopted by, at cooperative congress, Columbus, Ohio, 1385 Resolution Unanimously Adopted by Fifteenth Biennial Congress, 1388 Cooperative Health Federation of America, George W. Jacobson, secre- 1390 Hansen, Horace R., general counsel--Continued Page Cooperative League of the United States of America, and Cooperative 1388 Miller, Hon. Watson B., Administrator, Federal Security Agency, inser- Letter of, to Senator Taft, reporting on S. 545. 1144 1152 Office memo from Zilpha C. Franklin, director of information, Federal 1204 Murray, Hon. James E., a United States Senator from the State of Montana, Chavez, Hon. Dennis, a United States Senator from the State of New 1538 1692 Cruikshank, Nelson H., director, AFL social insurance activities, article 1214 Fact sheet 1, Health Insurance, compiled by office of Senator Murray_. 1270 1272 Senator Murray, amplifying Louchheim's testimony. 1690 Samuel, Robert, ERG Productions, New York, N .Y., in re annual McGrath, Hon. J. Howard, a United States Senator from the State of Raymond Rich Associates: 1690 1516 1213 1210 Letter of, to Dr. R. L. Sensenich, South Bend, Ind., in re public 1525 Note of, with regard to the National Physicians Committee_-. 1534 1526 1524 Rocky Mountain Medical Journal, October 1946, article of, Dr. Shearon 1213 Shearon, Marjorie, Ph. D.: Letter of, to members of health and medical professions and to 1207 Statement of, Announcing Establishment of the Shearon Medical 1208 1487 Taylor, Hon. Glen H., a United States Senator from the State of Idaho, 1535 Wagner, Hon. Robert F., a United States Senator from the State of 1514 Pepper, Hon. Claude, a United States Senator from the State of Florida, Arnold, Thurman, Washington, D. C., letter from, to Dr. Channing 1428 Kiplinger's Magazine of April 1947, article entitled "Health Means 1431 Pepper, Hon. Claude, a United States Senator, insertions of-Continued Supreme Court of the United States, decision of, in re the cases of American Medical Association v. The United States of America, and The Medical Society of the District of Columbia v. The United United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia, decision of, in re the American Medical Association v. United States of America, and Medical Society of the District of Columbia v. United Vessels, Alma, R. N., executive secretary, National Association of Parran, Dr. Thomas, Surgeon General, United States Public Health Service, statement of, The Need For and the Costs of Additional Medical Per- Potofsky, Jacob S., general president, Amalgamated Clothing Workers of America, and member of the executive board, Congress of Industrial Organizations, statement of, in re health legislation___. Smith, Hon. H. Alexander, a United States Senator from the State of New Lull, George F., American Medical Association, Chicago, Ill., letter of, to Senator Smith, in re Thurman Arnold's letter to Dr. Robins, R. B., M. D., national committeeman, Democratic National Committee, Camden, Ark., letter to Gael Sullivan, executive director, Democratic National Committee, Washington, D. C., in re com- pulsory health legislation____ Woll, Matthew, second vice president, American Federation of Labor, telegram of, addressed to Philip R. Rodgers, committee clerk, author- izing Nelson H. Cruikshank to testify before the committee in behalf IV. LIST OF CHARTS AND GRAPHS Agency participation in "health workshop" program_. The costs of medical care are unevenly distributed.. Page 1285 1429 NATIONAL HEALTH PROGRAM WEDNESDAY, JULY 9, 1947 UNITED STATES SENATE, SUBCOMMITTEE ON HEALTH OF THE COMMITTEE ON LABOR AND PUBLIC WELFARE, Washington, D. C. The subcommittee met, pursuant to adjournment, at 9:30 a. m., in the committee room in the Capitol Building, Senator H. Alexander Smith, presiding. Present: Senators Smith (presiding), Donnell, Murray, and Pepper. Senator SMITH. The committee will please come to order. Our first witness this morning is Mr. E. F. Poss, representing the Fraternal Order of Eagles, Springfield, Ohio. We will be glad to hear you, Mr. Poss. STATEMENT OF EDWARD F. POSS, TOLEDO, OHIO, CHAIRMAN, BOARD OF GRAND TRUSTEES, AND PAST GRAND WORTHY PRESIDENT, FRATERNAL ORDER OF EAGLES Mr. Poss. Mr. Chairman and gentlemen, I should like to say as a representative of the Fraternal Order of Eagles, that I appear here not for the purpose of directing or endorsing any particular movement, but rather for an expression of the 1,250,000 Eagles. As chairman of the board of grand trustees and former national president of the Fraternal Order of Eagles, I am appearing before your committee on behalf of an organization which has a membership of 1,250,000 representative Americans, a cross section of our population. Our order has aeries or lodges in approximately 1,400 communities. It is the largest benefit paying organization in the world. In the 49 years of its existence, the Fraternal Order of Eagles has campaigned for measures that contributed to human welfare. Perhaps some of you gentlemen are familiar with its record. Back in 1921 the Eagles launched a crusade for State old-age pension laws. We regarded the poorhouse as an institution not in keeping with the dignity of Americans who had reached an advanced age without the proper means to maintain themselves. We felt that the American way was to provide cash payments so that our senior citizens could look after their own needs and retain their self-respect. The State old-age pension movement was started in Montana by an Eagle legislator, who received the full support of our order, with the result that the first State old-age pension bill was enacted into law. Practically every State old-age pension law can be traced to Eagle initiative and support. 1123 Even in those early days, the Eagles felt that State old-age pensions were not the complete answer. Old-age pensions removed the stigma of the poorhouse, but they still left the recipients as wards of the State. The Eagles foresaw the time when American workers would contribute to their own security and participate in a retirement plan in which they would earn their benefits. That kind of program was in keeping with the pride and desire of the individual American. Thus the Eagles joined the movement for the national Social Security Act back in 1921. Our order spent more than a million dollars on an educational campaign in behalf of such legislation. Two national leaders of our order served on the advisory committee that drafted the Social Security Act. Senator Robert Wagner, a member of our order, introduced the bill in the Senate, and Representative David Lawrence, also a member of the order, sponsored it in the House. In acknowledgment of the services of the Eagles in behalf of this legislation, the late President Roosevelt, a life member of the order, invited Eagle representatives to witness the signing of the act, and presented them with a pen. A member of our order served on the first Social Security Board. We believe that our early faith in the sound principles of social security and the workability of a Government system of social insurance, based on a contributory plan, has been well justified. We are proud of the part our order has had in the enactment of this act, and we are campaigning for extension of social security to include the 20,000,000 Americans not now eligible to participate in benefits. The Eagles campaigned for other worthy social legislation. The order was a leader in the fight for legislation to bring some degree of happiness into the lives of dependent mothers and provide them with assistance in the task of rearing their children when their husbands were taken by death. The first mothers' pension law in the United States was drafted by a Kansas City Eagle and passed in Missouri with the support of our order. Senator DONNELL. Was that Mr. Conrad Mayham? Mr. Poss. No; that was Judge Porterfield. Senator DONNELL. The man who was at the head of it was Conrad Mayham, president of the chamber of commerce in Kansas City? Mr. Poss. That is right. Our order was a leader, too, in the early movement for workmen's compensation. It fought for the first workmen's compensation law in America, the Wisconsin law, which was drafted by an Eagle and backed by his fraternity. Economic misfortune has been responsible for a great share of human misery and unhappiness, often due to no fault of the victims. As a fraternity we have tried to ease the burdens and impress upon our fellow citizens the common obligation we all have to lighten the misfortune which may come to any of us in the course of our daily living. The Fraternal Order of Eagles is sponsoring programs that promote the general welfare. It has established national commissions to further these programs. The order is actively engaged in combating juvenile delinquency, in advancing child health and child welware, in stimulating full employment, in rehabilitating our veterans, and aiding our handicapped and elderly citizens. One of our primary concerns is child health. One of the important program slogans of the Eagles is "A chance at a real childhood for every child." Our order has given more than lip service to such an |