own views or findings regarding the transactions to the Attorney-General.

If any common carrier shall violate this section it shall be fined not exceeding $25,000; and every such director, agent, manager or officer thereof who shall have knowingly voted for or directed the act constituting such violation or who shall have aided or abetted in such violation shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor and shall be fined not exceeding $5,000, or confined in jail not exceeding one year, or both, in the discretion of the court.

Section 10 Clayton Act.

See Section 480b, ante.

The effective date of this section has been extended by the amendment of March 28, 1920, Transportation Act, 1920 section 501 to Janua y 1, 1921, except as to corporations organized since Jany. 12, 1918.

§ 505. Authority to Enforce Certain Provisions of Act Vested in Interstate Commerce Commission, Federal Reserve Board and Federal Trade Commission. That authority to enforce compliance with sections two, three, seven, and eight of this act by the persons respectively subject thereto is hereby vested; in the Interstate Commerce Commission where applicable to common carriers, in the Federal Reserve Board where applicable to banks, banking associations and trust companies, and in the Federal Trade Commission where applicable to all other character of commerce, to be exercised as follows:

Par. 1, Sec. 11 Clayton Act.

Prior action by Commission or Board not always necssary. Frey & Son v. Cudahy Packing Co., 232 Fed. 640, 243 Fed. 205.

§ 506. Procedure for Hearings by Boards Vested with Jurisdiction under Act.-Whenever the Commission or board vested with jurisdiction thereof shall have reason to believe that any person is violating or has violated any of the provisions of section two, three, seven and eight of this act, it shall issue and serve upon such person a complaint stating its charges in that respect, and containing a notice of a hear

ing upon a day and at a place therein fixed at least thirty days. after the service of said complaint. The person so complained of shall have the right to appear at the place and time so fixed and show cause why an order should not be entered by the Commission or board requiring such person to cease and desist from the violation of the law so charged in said complaint. Any person may make application, and upon good cause shown may be allowed by the Commission or board, to intervene and appear in said proceeding by counsel or in person. The testimony in any such proceeding shall be reduced to writing and filed in the office of the Commission or board. If upon such hearing the Commission or board, as the case may be, shall be of the opinion that any of the provisions of said sections have been or are being violated it shall make a report in writing in which it shall state its findings as to the facts, and shall issue and cause to be served on such person an order requiring such person to cease and desist from such violations, and divest itself of the stock held or rid itself of the directors chosen contrary to the provisions of sections seven and eight of this act, if any there be, in the manner and within the time fixed by said order. Until a transcript of the record in such hearing shall have been filed in a circuit court of appeals of the United States, as hereinafter provided, the Commission or board may at any time, upon such notice and in such manner as it shall deem proper, modify or set aside, in whole or in part, any report or any order made or issued by it under this section.

Par. 2, Sec. 11 Clayton Act.

§ 507. Effect of the Orders of Boards.-If such person fails or neglects to obey such order of the Commission or board. while the same is in effect, the Commission or board may apply to the circuit court of appeals of the United States, with in any circuit where the violation complained of was or is being committed or where such person resides or carries on business, for the enforcement of its order, and shall certify and file with its application a transcript of the entire record in the proceeding, including all the testimony taken and the report and order of the Commission or board. Upon such

filing of the application and transcript the court shall cause notice thereof to be served upon such person and thereupon shall have jurisdiction of the proceeding and of the question determined therein and shall have power to make and enter upon the pleadings, testimony, and proceedings set forth in such transcript a decree affirming, modifying, or setting aside the order of the Commission or board. The findings of the Commission or board as to the facts, if supported by testimony, shall be conclusive. If either party shall apply to the court for leave to adduce additional evidence, and shall show to the satisfaction of the court that such additional evidence is material and that there were reasonable grounds for the failure to adduce such evidence. in the proceeding before the Commission or board, the court may order such additional evidence to be taken before the Commission or board and to be adduced upon the hearing in such manner and upon such terms and conditions as to the court may seem proper. The Commission or board may modify its findings as to the facts, or make new findings, by reason of the additional evidence so taken, and it shall file such modified or new findings, which, if supported by testimony, shall be conclusive, and its recommendations, if any, for the modification or setting aside of its original order, with the return of such additional evidence. The judgment and decree of the court shall be final, except that the same shall be subject to review by the Supreme Court upon certiorari as provided in section two hundred and forty of the Judicial Code.

Any party required by such order of the Commission or board to cease and desist from a violation charged may obtain a review of such order in said circuit court of appeals by filing in the court a written petition praying that the order of the Commission or board be set aside. A copy of such petition shall be forthwith served upon the Commission or board, and thereupon the Commission or board forthwith shall certify and file in the court a transcript of the record as herein before provided. Upon the filing of the transcript the court shall have the same jurisdiction to affirm, set aside, or modify the order of the Commission or board as in the case of an application by the Commission or board for the enforce

ment of its order, and the findings of the Commission or board as to the facts, if supported by testimony, shall in like manner be conclusive.

Parapraphs 3 and 4 Section 11 Clayton Act.

§ 508. Judicia! Proceedings to Enforce the Orders of the Boards. The jurisdiction of the circuit court of appeals of the United States to enforce, set aside, or modify orders of the Commission or board shall be exclusive.

Such proceedings in the circuit court of appeals shall be given precedence over other cases pending therein, and shall be in every way expedited. No order of the Commission or board or the judgment of the court to enforce the same shall in any wise relieve or absolve any person from any liability under the Anti-Trust Acts.

Complaints, orders, and other processes of the Commission or board under this section may be served by anyone duly authorized by the Commission or board, either (a) by delivering a copy thereof to the person to be served, or to a member of the partnership to be served, or to the president, secretary, or other executive officer or a director of the corporation to be served; or (b) by leaving a copy thereof at the principal office or place of business of such person; or (e) by registering and mailing a copy thereof addressed to such person at his principal office or place of business. The verified return by the person so serving said complaint, order, or other process setting forth the manner of said service shall be proof of the same, and the return post office receipt for said complaint, order, or other process registered and mailed as aforesaid shall be proof of the service of same.

Paragraphs 5 to 7 Sec. 11 Clayton Act.

§ 509. Venue of Suits. That any suit, action, or proceeding under the anti-trust laws against a corporation may be brought not only in the judicial district whereof it is an inhabitant, but also in any district wherein it may be found or transacts business; and all processes in such cases may be served in the district of which it is an inhabitant, or wherever it may be found.

Section 12 Clayton Act.

Notes of Decisions Rendered Since 1915.

Venue of suits somewhat different in Sherman and Clayton Acts. Southern Photo Material Co. v. Eastman Kodak Co., 234 Fed. 955.

§ 510. Attendance of Witnesses.-That in any suit, action. or proceeding brought by or on behalf of the United States subpoenas for witnesses who are required to attend a court of the United States in any judicial district in any case, civil or criminal, arising under the anti-trusts laws may run into any other district: Provided, That in civil cases no writ of subpoena shall issue for witnesses living out of the district in which the court is held at a greater distance than one hundred miles from the place of holding the same without permission of the trial court being first had upon proper application and cause shown.

Sec. 13 Clayton Act.

§ 511. Guilt of Corporation Deemed Guilt of Officers.That whenever a corporation shall violate any of the penal provisions of the anti-trust laws, such violation shall be deemed. to be also that of the individual directors, officers or agents of such corporation who shall have authorized, ordered or done any of the acts constituting in whole or in part such violation, and such violation shall be deemed a misdemeanor, and upon conviction thereof of any such director, officer, or agent he shall be punished by a fine of not exceeding $5,000 or by imprisonment for not exceeding one year. or by both, in the discretion of the court.

Sec. 14 Clayton Act.

§ 512. District Courts Invested with Jurisdiction to Prevent Violations of the Act. That the several district courts of the United States are hereby invested with jurisdiction to prevent and restrain violations of this act, and it shall be the duty of the several district attorneys of the United States, in their respective districts, under the direction of the Attorney-General, to institute proceedings in equity to prevent and restrain such violations. Such proceedings may be by way of petition setting forth the case and praying that such violation shall be enjoined or otherwise prohibited. When