Ryal, baker, of that town; when on the cleareft evidence they gave in a verdict of wilful murder against her father and her mother-in-law, who were both accordingly committed to the Devifes bridewell. The following is given as an authentic account of this inhuman affair:"That Ryal is near fifty years of age, and his wife about thirty (who is step-mother to the deceased and two other children by a former wife;) that he has three children by Ryal whom the treated kindly, while those of her husband were used in a cruel and most barbarous manner; and during the whole of this hard winter were forced to fleep in a stable, with food barely fufficient to keep them alive: in the abfence of the father, who attended markets and fairs with his cakes, &c. fhe beat them cruelly, but ufed threats of the most inhuman kind to all the three, though the deceased, who was nearly fixteen years of age, appears to be the only facrifice. Yesterday fe'nnight the fa ther applied to the fexton to make a grave for the burial of his daughter that night, which creating fufpicion, it was communicated to several reputable perfons, who went to the house, and infifted on feeing the body of the deceased; this they found in a coffin without a fhroud, having only a dirty fhift wrapped about it, and mangled in a fhocking manner, the toes being eaten off and perifhed by the inclemency of the weather, and feveral deep contufions appearing on the head; upon this horrid fight a coroner was fent for, and the jury, after a fecond fitting of fix hours, brought in their verdict as above.

IRELAND.

HE agitation of lefs important matters is

Tat prefent fufpended, in expectation of

the decifion of the British Houfe of Commons, on the propofed commercial arrangement. It is indeed a fubject of the greatest confequence to both countries, and required to have been undertaken with more judgement, circumfpec tion, and fkill, than feem to have been beftówed upon it. That the well informed part of the Irish nation fhould be very confident in their hopes, that the British parliament will fanction the rath propofals or an inconfiderate young man; or that England, having fo long treated their country like a rigorous step-mother, will now, in the first lavish fit of her fondness, pour into the Lap of Ireland all that mifconduct at home, and misfortune abroad, have left her to beflow, is not very probable while the bulk of the people look forward to the iffue with a fpirit rather difpofed to refent the leaft disappointment of their hopes as an injury, than to confider the most complete gratification of them as a favour.

In England the manufacturers are very juftly and generally alarmed, and fome have declared at the bar of the Houfe of Commons, that if the propofed regulations thould pafs into a law, they will inftantly remove to Ireland, to carry on their bufinefs in that country. In all fuch cafes, greater danger is apprehended than will be felt; and commercial people are but little remarked for the generofity of their fentiments or the liberality of their views. We grant it: but where men can give good and fubftantial reafons for

their fears, their watchful jealoufy is not to be defpifed; and where the fame want of generofity and liberality of fentiment, that renders them fo tenacious of the advantages they now poffefs, will enfure their removal to the country to which thefe advantages fhall be transferred, their remonftrances are not to be neglected. As manufacturers and merchants, they profess neither liberality nor generofity of fentiment; but declare in the most open and pointed terms, that in trade, these are words without any meaning, or totally repugnant to its fpirit; confiftent with which, the only rule of conduct that men can adopt, is mutual advantage.

Monopolies, it may be faid, are invidious and deftructive, and have lately been as fruitful a fource of war and calamity, as the luft of dominion in former times. This too may be readily granted; but the commerce of Britain has grown great by monopoly, and although we truft it would be able to maintain its ground, in a general competition, if unfettered by taxes, that is more than can reasonably be expected, loaded as it is with the intereft of 250 millions of debt. Mutual advantages, or if our readers like better, the new fangled term reciprocity, will hardly be feriously mentioned, where all is to be given, and nothing to be received. Our monopolies have been established and defended, not only at the expence of our annual revenue, but with an accumulation of 250 millions of debt. To commu nicate a fhare of the monopoly, without a proportional fhare of the burthen, which it ought to fupport, is neither to do juftice to the public creditor, nor to place the two countries on an equal footing. Annihilate the debt, and renounce the monopoly, or, fince that cannot be done, fhare the monopoly and fhare the debt, and GreatBritain and Ireland will trade on equal terms. We shall rejoice as much as any man to fee that return of the golden age, when all lands and all feas thall be common to all men; when war fhall be no more; and when nations, like individuals of one great community, fhall be connected by a reciprocation of benefits: but until this enlightened policy become univerfal, let us not be in hafte to beftow more upon others than we retain for ourselves.

The minifter has been praised for his candour in liftening to objections, and for his cautious and deliberate manner of proceeding. Of his candour, his conduct to the manufacturers is no very flattering fpecimen; and his deliberation fome will afcribe to the feelings of a man, who having plunged himself, or been by others artfully precipitated into difficulties, eagerly lays hold of every plausible pretext for delay, in anxious expectation of what time or chance may produce in his favour. Had his beginning been but as cautious as his advances have been flow, it would have redounded much more to his own credit and to the good of the public. By the abfurd and ill advised measure of opening the business in the Irifh parliament, he has reduced the nation to the neceffity of facrificing the fpirit of her navigation laws, or by adhering to it, excite difcontents which might never have exifted, if the people of Ireland had not been first taught to entertain unreafonable expectations. It is now mentioned as the intention of the minifter, to adjust matters by commiffioners on both fids, a

Indian nations, in jealoufies among themselves, and difputes with the Spaniards. When men's minds have been long exercised in fcenes of warfare, and habituated to fantaftical ideas of fpeculative liberty, it is fome time before they can fettle to the arts of peace, or accommodate themselves to the practice of civil government, fince every man can form an ideal fyftem for himself, which he will therefore judge the beft; but all must conform to the enjoyment of one and the fame. Hitherto, they feem rather to have been employed in measuring the length and the breadth of their new independence, than in confirming their power or extending their commerce. Danger and the exercife of arms have produced idleness; idlenefs, poverty; their independence, pride; pride and poverty, difcontent; and all the evils they feel being deduced from one common fource, a degree of animofity against the mother country, that will not quickly fubfide. They have framed for themselves a code of laws, of which, as we have not feen them, we cannot speak. They are faid to bear fome refemblance to thofe of the Grecian itates in the Achean league, a refemblance which we apprehend to be rather fancied than real. The authority of Congrefs is as yet but feeble, but as it is the nature of power, where it has any folid foundation, that is, where it is really ufeful, to extend itfelf gradually, it will gather ftrength from time, as to that body every ftate muit refort for prevention against the encroachments of its more powerful neighbour.

A French colony is fettling at Rhode-Inland, by the permiflion of Congrefs, and in confequence of an agreement with France, for carrying on a particular branch of manufacture. They are to have the free exercise of their religion, but are to fubmit to the laws of America.

Congrefs have had before them a remonftrance from the Spanish agent, concerning the navigation of the river Miffiffippi. This right the Spaniards deny to the Americans, and threaten to confifcate any American veflel that shall enter the river. This is a subject that will require a confiderable degree of firmnefs and delicacy to bring it to a fortunate iffue.

FOREIGN AFFAIRS.

HE quelled troublefome

rebellion, and of his imprifonment, he is to receive the baftinado.

After a tedious and fruitless negociation, during which neither fide remitted their preparations for war, the Emperor and the Dutch are faid to be on the eve of commencing hoftilities. By the latest and moft authentic accounts from the continent, the Emperor had marched a confiderable body of troops towards the Dutch territories. The inhabitants of the frontier towns, both in Flanders and in Holland, had begun to remove into the interior parts of the country. The French court had iffued orders to prepare an encampment for a confiderable body of troops in French Flanders. The King of Pruffia had begun to form two encampments. The Emprefs of Ruffia's intentions on that head were not clearly known, but there is no doubt but she will follow the example of her neighbours, even the Turks were marching troops towards Bender. From thefe movements, there is great reafon to expect a general war in a few months.

Turning our eyes from thefe prospects of human calamity, it is fome pleafure to remark, that amid the wars and tumults, which the ambition or the folly of ftates and princes are continually exciting in different parts of the world, fuperitition is daily lofing ground, and knowledge is gradually diffufing itfelf. The example of the Emperour in abolishing the convents, begins to be pretty generally adopted on the continent. Men's minds are no longer enflaved by the dogmatical tenets of an infallible church; and the abfurdity and ufeleffness of such inftitutions, to be believed needs only to be viewed with an unprejudiced eye. The Roman Catholic religión has already undergone a very effential reform; and although its external forms are ftill entire, its dictates are no longer of weight when they militate against public utility.

Even in Turkey, a confiderable change for the better has imperceptibly taken place. In Conftantinople a printing-houfe, which had been fhut up fince the reign of the Sultan Achmet, was opened in the courfe of last year. Nothing could fo effectually encourage the cultivation of arts and fciences, and confequently fo foon bring about a revolution in manners. The introduction of a new military difcipline may pave the way for other improvements. Foreigners who now vifit this country, from whatever motive,

vania, a rude and ignorant race of men, driven to rebellion, as is moft probable, by the tyranny of the nobles, their petty lords. As is ufual with fich barbarous infurgents, they wrecked their fury on their nobles and rulers, deftroying their caftles, murdering the fathers and fons, with every other outrage of favage cruelty. They repulfed feveral parties of the Imperial troops, that fell in their way, or had been fent against them. At length, however, they were defeated, and Horiah and Clofka, two of their chiefs were foon after taken. Horiah had affumed to himfelf the title of King among this frantic multitude. He is to be carried through the principal towns of the hereditary ftates, and to receive 50 blows with a batton in each. After this he is to be condemned to work among the felons on the Danube. Every year, on the anniversary of his

them than they used to be.

Jan. THE

BIRTH S.

HE Right Hon. Lady Stourton, a 4. daughter.-9. The lady of the Right Hon. Lord Stawley, a fon.-31. Right Hon. the Countefs of Aylesford, a daughter.--Feb. 2. The lady of the Right Hon. Lord Galloway, a daughter.-5. The lady of the Hon. Wathington Shirley, a daughter.-13. Her Grace the Duchefs of Athol, a fon.-16. Lady of Sir Henry Dashwood, Bart. a daughter.

:

T Lord Ashburnham's houfe, in Dover-ftreet, the Marquis of Graham, to the Hon. Mifs Afhburnham.-5. Lieut. Col. Charles

Charles Brownlow, of the 57th regiment, fon of the Right Hon. William Brownlow, of the kingdom of Ireland, to Mifs Afhe, eldest daughter of Benjamin Afhe, Efq. of Bath.-17. The Earl of Clanriccard, to Mifs Poulet, daughter of George Poulet, Efq.-19. The Hon. John

to his coufin, Filmer Honeywood, Efq. one of the members for the county of Kent.

Feb.

DEATH S.

RRotherfield-Greys, in this county,
EV. William Townsend, rector of

and late Fellow of Trinity-College, Oxford.-
4. At Caermarthen, David Williams, Efq. His
real and perfonal eftates, which are upwards of
2000l. per annum, are all vested in the family
of the Rev. J. Griffies, rector of Chipfted, in
Surrey; and his fon, George Griffies, is to af-
fume firft the name and arms of Williams.-
20. Suddenly, in the prime of life, at Retford,
in Nottinghamshire, on his way to London, Sir
Rowland Wynne, Bart. of Noftell, in Yorkshire.

-General Philip Honeywood, colonel of the third regiment of Dragoon Guards, and Governour of Hull. He received no less than twentythree broad-sword wounds at the battle of Dettingen, in which he fo much diftinguished himfelf by his perfonal valour; he likewife, on the fame day, received two mufquet fhots, which never were extracted to the day of his death. The General died poffeffed of an eftate of near 6000l. per annum, which, together with a confiderable sum of ready money, he has bequeathed

BANKRUPT S.

OHN CLARK and Peter Byrne, late 14. of Bond-ftreet, weavers, mercers, and cópartners.-Thomas Stevens, of Carey-lane, Cheapfide, London, glover. William Crofdale, of Liverpool, and Thomas Grundy, of Bolton in'le Moors, in Lancafhire, fuftian manufacturers and partners.-John Mills, of Briftol, vintner.-Chriftopher Broughton, of Devifes, in Wilts, druggift and chemift.-RalphSigfworth, of King-ftreet, St. George, Hanoverfquare, tailor.- 18. Allanfon Chapman and Francis Cumine, of the Maze-Pond, carpenters and copartners.- George Langton, of Liverpool, merchant.Thomas Needham Rees, of Watlington, in Oxfordshire, furgeon and apothecary-John Plume, now or late of Deanftreet, Southwark, needle-maker.-22. George Plowman, of Tower-hill, London, merchant and mafter-mariner.- Ifaac Monkhouse, of Caftle Sowerby, in Cumberland, dealer.George Smith and Thomas Smith, of Witney, in Oxfordshire, innholders and partners.-Anthony Brunn, of St. John, at Hackney, Middlefex, tavern-keeper and vintner.-John Slade, now or late of St. Peter the Great, in Worcester, glover and grocerJohn M'Cowan, late of Stroud, in Kent, haberdasher.-25. John Fi dell, James Morton, and Jofeph Barton, all of Liverpool, in Lancashire, foapboilers, tallow chandlers, and copartners.

T having been announced to the governors of The Wafical Fund, haft fummer, that their Majefties had graciously condefcended, in confequence of their petition, to become patrón and patronefs of the Society, and the Earl of Exeter, honorary prefident of the faid fociety, having fince applied to the Lord Chamberlain, to intreat his Majesty's permiffion to affume fome addition to their title, in confequence of royal patronage, received for answer, that his Majefty would not difapprove of any name which Lord Exeter thought proper to choofe, his lordship commiffoned Dr. Burney, in confequence of his Majetty's gracious meffage, to announce to the members of the Mufical Fund, at their last monthly aceting, that he thought the name of Royal Society of Muficians would be the most proper to

adopt on this occafion. And this information being received with univerfal joy and fatisfaction by the members prefent, the inftitution will in future be ftyled, the ROYAL SOCIETY OF MUSICIANS.

It will afford great pleasure to the admirers of Handel in particular, and the lovers of mufic in general, that there will be in the beginning of the fummer, three performances at WestminsterAbbey, upon the plan of the Commemoration of last year, which their Majesties have graciously confented to honour with their prefence and patronage.

Thefe performances, and the purposes to which the money collected at them will be configned, have already been announced to the public.

Dover-freet, March 25, 1785.

S. E. ASKEW'S

IN

'N the courfe of the month of March, the only remaining part of the late Dr. Afkew's large and valuable library was fold by auction, in feparate lots, for near thirteen hundred pounds. The collection confifted of ancient manufcripts, and various editions of the Greek and Latin claffics, with marginal notes. Of these latter books, by far the greater number were left as a legacy to Dr. Afkew, by Dr. Taylor, the learned editor of Lyfias and Demofthenes, and were enriched with his manuscript notes and corrections. A great many of the Doctor's common-place books were likewife fold in the collection, which proved him to have poffeffed uncommon diligence, and a most extensive acquaintance with the ancient writers, and the ancient and modern commentators. He feems always to have read with his pen in his hand, and always to have had a proper place for recording whatever was remarkable.

The books confifted of nine hundred and thir. ty-three lots, and were nine days in felling. Thofe with marginal notes were fold on the first three days, and the manufcripts on the remaining fix. It is with pleasure that we acquaint our readers, that the most valuable of them were purchased either by the Universities of Oxford or Cambridge, or by the Mufeum. Several were bought for foreigners, and many by private collectors. None were bid for by his Majesty, whofe extenfive and valuable collection confifts folely of printed books.

Among the remains of Dr. Taylor's library, the most valuable for the number of his notes, were his Apollonius Rhodius, his Terentianus Maurus, his Juvenal, and his Cornelius Nepos. Of these two latter authors there were feveral different editions, of which the margins were crowded with remarks by the Doctor. These were fold to different perfons. The editions of the two former were purchased by the University of Cambridge; and of Taylor's notes on Terentianus Maurus, we have heard that immediate ufe will be made by a young gentleman who is engaged in publifhing an edition of that corrupt and crabbed author. We hope that "Conamur venues grandia" will not be applied to him, though we cannot but think that Terentiam is a writer who requires an editor of no common learning and abilities. If this paragraph should meet the eye of this " daring youth," let him confider it as the hint of one who wishes well to the labours of scholars, and would willingly do all in his power, to promote the cause of literature, and who fincerely rejoices at the fuccefs of every philofophical undertaking.

Among these books there were but few in which Dr. Afkew had written remarks. The principal of them were Boetius de Confolatione, and Theocritus. Thofe, in the margins of which the hand of the great Bentley appeared, were a

Terentianus Maurus, a fmall Eschylus, a Manilius, a copy of his notes on Cicero, with very confiderable manufcript additions, and a Nicander, on the margin of which he had written a vaft number of corrections, by the defire of Dr. Mead.

This laft book was purchased by the Museum. The Efchylus, as well as all the other printed copies and manuscripts of that author, together with an index of all the words in his tragedies, were purchased by the University of Cambridge, for the ufe of Mr. Porfon, from whom the learned world foon hope to fee fuch an edition of Efchylus, as will reflect credit on himself, and on the Academia of which he is a member.

The two quarto copies of Lyfias, which feemed to have been prepared by Taylor and Markland for a fecond edition, went to Cambridge. Of the two copies of Harpocratio, with manuscript collations, one is gone abroad. Of Hefychius there were many, but none of any great value. The Glasgow Homer, interleaved with Taylor's notes, and most of the Doctor's common-place books are deposited in the public library of Cambridge, except his notes on the Digamma, which were purchafed by one of the firft fcholars of the prefent age, from whofe labours the learned Dawes, and fome of the Greek tragedies have received great affiftance.

The manufcript of the fecond part of Chifhull's Antiquitates Afiatica, which the author was prevented from finishing by the ftroke of death, which deprived the learned world of one of its ornaments, was purchased by the Museum, as were fome of the ancient copies of the Evangelia Græca, which may be confidered among the most valuable and curious books in this collection. The manufcripts of Horace and Livy were remarkably beautiful, as was the fac fimile of the Vatican Virgil, which formerly belonged to Dr. Mead, and a volume of ancient infcriptions. But we must conclude, and not trespass on the reader's patience any longer, except to fay, what we are fure every lover of antiquities will rejoice to hear, that the manufcript of Chaucer, which is probably the most beautiful in the world, was purchased by Mr. Steevens, the editor of Shakfpeare; whose nice taste, extenfive reading, and uncommon acquifitions, are fo well known to every admirer of our great bard, and to every friend of literature.

It may not be foreign to the fubject of this letter to add, that a large collection of manufcripts, and claffical authors, with marginal notes, by feveral of the firft fcholars of Europe, and particularly by all the Gronoviufes, will be fold by auction, at Leyden, in May next; previous to which the fale of a very valuable library will take place. Thefe formerly belonged to Abraham Gronovius, Dum in vivis erat,

N Wednesday the 23d, a very numerous cinity of Tottenham-Court-Read, to be wit

neffes of the afcenfion of Comte Zembeccari and Sir Edward Vernon in the balloon, which has been exhibited for fome time at the Lyceum